Inclusive conservation and the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework: Tensions and prospects

One Earth, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 5(3), С. 252 - 264

Опубликована: Март 1, 2022

The draft Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework commits to achievement of equity and justice outcomes represents a "relational turn" in how we understand inclusive conservation. Although "inclusivity" is drawn on as means engage diverse stakeholders, widening the framing inclusivity can create new tensions with regard manage protected areas. We first offer set that emerge light relational turn biodiversity Drawing global case examples applying multiple methods conservation, then demonstrate that, by actively engaging interdependent phases recognizing hybridity, enabling conditions for reflexivity partnership building, not only be acknowledged but softened and, some cases, reframed when managing biodiversity, equity, goals. results improve stakeholder engagement area management, ultimately supporting better implementation targets.

Язык: Английский

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Why facts don't change minds: Insights from cognitive science for the improved communication of conservation research

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 278, С. 109886 - 109886

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023

Conservation scientists increasingly seek to find ways implement their research for improved policy and practice. However, such efforts may be ineffective, or even counterproductive, if they are based on outdated models of science communication behavioral change. Insights from fields that study how information is processed in the brain, why humans make decisions take action, change spreads across social networks can support improve existing translate conservation into practice policy. little this has made its way literature, thus limiting power these ideas influence communicated impact understood. This paper seeks address gap by discussing four common myths about best communicate decision-making, namely, facts minds, scientific literacy will lead enhanced uptake, individual attitude shift collective behaviors, broad dissemination best. The article provides alternative insights effective impact: engaging mind optimal understanding values, emotions, experience swaying changing behavior, thinking strategically biggest impact. If we understand people process information, design interventions possible evidence management

Язык: Английский

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Digital twins: dynamic model-data fusion for ecology

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 38(10), С. 916 - 926

Опубликована: Май 18, 2023

Digital twins (DTs) are an emerging phenomenon in the public and private sectors as a new tool to monitor understand systems processes. DTs have potential change status quo ecology part of its digital transformation. However, it is important avoid misguided developments by managing expectations about DTs. We stress that not just big models everything, containing data machine learning. Rather, strength combining data, models, domain knowledge, their continuous alignment with real world. suggest researchers stakeholders exercise caution DT development, keeping mind many strengths challenges computational modelling also apply

Язык: Английский

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Bridging research and practice in conservation

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 35(6), С. 1725 - 1737

Опубликована: Март 19, 2021

Calls for biodiversity conservation practice to be more evidence based are growing, and we agree use in needs improvement. However, evidence-based will not realized without improved access evidence. In medicine, unlike conservation, a well-established well-funded layer of intermediary individuals organizations engage with medical practitioners, synthesize primary research relevant decision making, make easily accessible. These intermediaries prepare targeted summaries distribute them practitioners faced time-sensitive value-laden decisions. To effective, these intermediaries, who refer as bridges, should identify topics on the priorities practitioners; evidence; easy-to-find easy-to-use summaries; develop maintain networks connections researchers practitioners. Based review literature regarding environmental management, well an anonymous questionnaire searching such organizations, found few that met all criteria. Few bridges do exist unable reach most which include resource managers government industry, farmers other private landowners. We argue lack from contributes complacency limits action. Nevertheless, several existing help reduce gap between could serve foundation building additional components conservation. Although need expertise synthesis, they also require identifying communicating community clear concise syntheses Article Impact Statement: Evidence-based call bridges.Vinculación entre la Investigación y Práctica en Conservación Resumen Cada vez existen más peticiones para que las prácticas de conservación biodiversidad estén basadas evidencias, además apoyamos idea el uso evidencias práctica necesita mejorar. Sin embargo, basada evidencia no se logrará sin un acceso mejorado evidencias. En medicina, como conservación, estrato bien establecido financiado individuos organizaciones intermediarias interactúan con los médicos, sintetizan investigaciones primarias relevantes toma decisiones hacen sean fácil acceso. Estos intermediarios preparan resúmenes específicas distribuyen médicos enfrentan urgentes muy valiosas. Para efectivos, estos intermediarios, quienes nos referimos puentes deben poder identificar temas estudio base prioridades practicantes, sintetizar preparar distribuir fáciles encontrar usar, desarrollar mantener redes conexiones investigadores practicantes. Con una revisión literatura correspondiente manejo ambiental, así cuestionario anónimo busca dichas organizaciones, encontramos pocos cumplieran criterios. Los son capaces llegar mayoría practicantes cuales incluyen gestores recursos gobierno industria, agricultores otros terratenientes privados. Argumentamos falta contribuye indulgencia limita acciones conservación. varias existentes ayudan reducir brecha podrían funcionar construcción componentes adicionales Aunque necesitan experiencia investigación síntesis también requieren identificación comunicación comunidad clara concisa evidencia.对于生物多样性保护实践应更加注重证据的呼声已越来越高, 我们也同意在保护实践中需要改进证据的使用。然而, 如果不能获取更好的证据, 也将无从实现基于证据的保护。与保护领域不同的是, 在医学领域中, 由已确立并资金充足的中介人或中介组织与医务人员合作, 来整合与决策相关的第一手研究资料, 从而使这些研究证据更易于获取。这些中介机构会准备有针对性的证据摘要, 并将其分发给需要进行较强时效性、主观性决策的医务人员。为了提高效率, 中介机构 (我们称之为“证据桥梁”) 应根据医务人员的优先排序来确定研究课题、整合证据、准备和分发易获得且易使用的证据摘要, 并发展和保持研究者与医务工作者的联系网络。基于对保护及环境管理领域证据中介研究的文献调研, 以及此类机构的匿名问卷搜索, 我们发现很少有中介能达到全部标准。现有的少量证据桥梁无法影响到大多数包括政府和行业的资源管理人员、保护组织、农民及其他私人土地所有者在内的保护实践者。我们认为, 缺乏从研究到实践者的证据桥梁会导致“证据自满”, 并限制保护行动中的证据使用。尽管如此, 已有的一些组织能帮助缩小证据与实践之间的差距, 并可作为建立保护证据桥梁额外组成部分的基础。建立证据桥梁不仅要有研究和证据整合的专门知识, 还要有识别出最需要清晰简明的整合证据的实践者群体并与之沟通的专门知识。 【翻译: 胡怡思; 审校: 聂永刚】.

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Towards evidence‐based conservation of subterranean ecosystems

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 97(4), С. 1476 - 1510

Опубликована: Март 21, 2022

ABSTRACT Subterranean ecosystems are among the most widespread environments on Earth, yet we still have poor knowledge of their biodiversity. To raise awareness subterranean ecosystems, essential services they provide, and unique conservation challenges, 2021 2022 were designated International Years Caves Karst. As these traditionally been overlooked in global agendas multilateral agreements, a quantitative assessment solution‐based approaches to safeguard biota associated habitats is timely. This allows researchers practitioners understand progress made research needs ecology management. We conducted systematic review peer‐reviewed grey literature focused globally (terrestrial, freshwater, saltwater systems), quantify available evidence‐base for effectiveness interventions. selected 708 publications from years 1964 that discussed, recommended, or implemented 1,954 interventions ecosystems. noted steep increase number studies 2000s while, surprisingly, proportion quantifying impact has steadily significantly decreased recent years. The 31% tested statistically. further highlight 64% reported occurred Palearctic Nearctic biogeographic regions. Assessments heavily biased towards indirect measures (monitoring risk assessment), limited sample organisms (mostly arthropods bats), more accessible systems (terrestrial caves). Our results indicate science field biology does not apply rigorous approach, resulting sparse evidence raises important question how make efforts feasible implement, cost‐effective, long‐lasting. Although there no single remedy, propose suite potential solutions focus our better increasing statistical testing stress importance standardising study reporting facilitate meta‐analytical exercises. also provide database summarising literature, which will help build about likely yield greatest impacts depending upon species interest. view this as starting point shift away tendency recommending based anecdotal expert‐based information rather than scientific evidence, without quantitatively effectiveness.

Язык: Английский

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The role of western‐based scientific, Indigenous and local knowledge in wildlife management and conservation

People and Nature, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 3(3), С. 610 - 626

Опубликована: Март 12, 2021

Abstract Managers of wildlife are faced with decisions and issues that increasingly complex, spanning natural human dimensions (i.e. values, preferences, attitudes). A strong evidence base includes multiple forms sources knowledge is needed to support these complex decisions. However, a growing body literature demonstrates environmental managers far more likely draw on intuition, past experience or opinion inform important rather than empirical evidence. We set out assess how decision‐makers other potential users (a) perceive, evaluate use western‐based scientific, Indigenous local (b) the extent which social, political economic considerations challenge integration different into decision‐making. In 2018, we interviewed members from resource management branches governments ( n = 4) parliamentary 33), as well representatives nongovernmental stakeholder groups 28) involved in conservation Canadian province British Columbia. Contrary studies suggest evidence‐based rare, respondents described relying heavily knowledge. Results revealed western science used near‐unanimously, procured internal institutional) slightly external ones peer‐reviewed journals, agencies jurisdictions). found be much less scientific (approximately half much) despite being highly valued. Perceived challenges applying include lack trust, hesitancy share (particularly communities), difficulties assessing reliability discerning advocacy. Despite high (and relatively diverse) use, 40% perceived diminishing role for final concerning conservation. They associated this decreases institutional resources capacity increases socio‐economic interference. encourage transformative change enabling upon This should direct involvement holders, co‐assessment transparency (multiple of) contribute free Plain Language Summary can within Supporting Information article.

Язык: Английский

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What is conservation paleobiology? Tracking 20 years of research and development

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2022

Conservation paleobiology has coalesced over the last two decades since its formal coining, united by goal of applying geohistorical records to inform conservation, management, and restoration biodiversity ecosystem services. Yet, field is still attempting form an identity distinct from academic roots. Here, we ask a deceptively simple question: What conservation paleobiology? To track development as field, synthesize complementary perspectives survey scientific community that familiar with systematic literature review publications use term. We present overview paleobiology’s research scope compare participants’ perceptions what it should be field. find paleobiologists variety data in their work, although typified near-time marine molluscs terrestrial mammals collected local regional spatial scales. Our results also confirm field’s broad disciplinary basis: participants indicated can incorporate information wide range disciplines spanning biology, ecology, historical paleontology, archaeology. Finally, show have yet reach consensus on how applied practice. The revealed many thought more but most do not currently engage Reflecting developed decades, discuss opportunities promote cohesion, strengthen collaborations within science, align training priorities continues crystallize.

Язык: Английский

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A global analysis of habitat fragmentation research in reptiles and amphibians: what have we done so far?

Biodiversity and Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 32(2), С. 439 - 468

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2023

Abstract Habitat change and fragmentation are the primary causes of biodiversity loss worldwide. Recent decades have seen a surge funding, published papers citations in field as these threats to continue rise. However, how research directions agenda evolving this remains poorly understood. In study, we examined current state on habitat (due agriculture, logging, fragmentation, urbanisation roads) pertaining two most threatened vertebrate groups, reptiles amphibians. We did so by conducting global scale review geographical taxonomical trends types, associated sampling methods response variables. Our analyses revealed number biases with existing efforts being focused three continents (e.g., North America, Europe Australia) surplus studies measuring species richness abundance. saw shift towards utilising technological advancements including genetic spatial data analyses. findings suggest important associations between prevalent variables but not types fragmentation. These agendas found homogeneously distributed across all continents. Increased investment appropriate techniques is crucial hotpots such tropics where unprecedented herpetofauna exist.

Язык: Английский

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Towards harmonized standards for freshwater biodiversity monitoring and biological assessment using benthic macroinvertebrates

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 918, С. 170360 - 170360

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Monitoring programs at sub-national and national scales lack coordination, harmonization, systematic review analysis continental global scales, thus fail to adequately assess evaluate drivers of biodiversity ecosystem degradation loss large spatial scales. Here we the state art, gaps challenges in freshwater assessment for both biological condition (bioassessment) monitoring ecosystems using benthic macroinvertebrate community. To existence nationally- regionally- (sub-nationally-) accepted protocols that are put practice/used each country, conducted a survey from November 2022 May 2023. Responses 110 respondents based 67 countries were received. Although responses varied their consistency, clearly demonstrated being done levels lakes, rivers artificial waterbodies. Programs bioassessment more widespread, some cases even harmonized among several countries. We identified 20 challenges, which classed into five major categories, these (a) field sampling, (b) sample processing identification, (c) metrics indices, (d) assessment, (e) other challenges. Above all, identify harmonization as one most important gaps, hindering efficient collaboration communication. IUCN SSC Global Freshwater Macroinvertebrate Sampling Protocols Task Force (GLOSAM) means address globally-harmonized protocols.

Язык: Английский

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Standards of conduct and reporting in evidence syntheses that could inform environmental policy and management decisions

Environmental Evidence, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2022

Accurate, unbiased and concise synthesis of available evidence following clear methodology transparent reporting is necessary to support effective environmental policy management decisions. Without this, less reliable and/or objective reviews could inform decision making, leading ineffective, resource wasteful interventions with potential for unintended consequences. We evaluated the reliability over 1000 syntheses (reviews overviews) published between 2018 2020 that provide on impacts human activities or effectiveness relevant management. The are drawn from Collaboration Environmental Evidence Database Reviews (CEEDER), an online, freely service users assesses using a series criteria. found majority have problems transparency, replicability bias. Overall, our results suggest most recently low making. followed guidance standards had improved assessment ratings, but there remains substantial variation in standard amongst even these. Furthermore, term 'systematic review', which implies conformity methodological standard, was frequently misused. A major CEEDER project improve global body reviews. To this end we outline online resources help review conduct reporting. call authors, editors peer reviewers use these ensure more future.

Язык: Английский

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