Biological Conservation,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
283, С. 110105 - 110105
Опубликована: Май 13, 2023
Well-resourced
marine
protected
areas
(MPA)
are
better
managed,
leading
to
improved
ecological
outcomes.
Tourism
is
often
cited
as
an
important
source
of
financial
support
for
MPA
management,
yet
it
unclear
whether
funding
from
visitor
entry
fees
improves
the
effectiveness
world's
MPAs.
Here
we
ask
enter
MPAs
associate
with
enhanced
fish
biomass,
a
key
goal
many
MPAs,
and
relations
exist
among
management
effectiveness.
In
analysis
86
found
were
associated
greater
biomass
when
compared
parks
without
fees,
but
only
lower
scores
A
global
assessment
survey
responses
214
suggested
hypothesis
that
benefit
budget
security
staff
capacity
carry
out
critical
activities.
Together,
results
suggest
mechanism
whereby
educate
users
on
rules
enforce
those
rules.
Future
work
should
look
at
details
budgets
unravel
relationship
between
funding,
activities
Dependency
tourism
also
comes
implication
declines
in
caused
by
socio-economic
shocks
geopolitical
events
may
have
affected
therefore
possibly
Nature,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
586(7828), С. 217 - 227
Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2020
Humanity
will
soon
define
a
new
era
for
nature—one
that
seeks
to
transform
decades
of
underwhelming
responses
the
global
biodiversity
crisis.
Area-based
conservation
efforts,
which
include
both
protected
areas
and
other
effective
area-based
measures,
are
likely
extend
diversify.
However,
persistent
shortfalls
in
ecological
representation
management
effectiveness
diminish
potential
role
stemming
loss.
Here
we
show
how
expansion
by
national
governments
since
2010
has
had
limited
success
increasing
coverage
across
different
elements
(ecoregions,
12,056
threatened
species,
'Key
Biodiversity
Areas'
wilderness
areas)
ecosystem
services
(productive
fisheries,
carbon
on
land
sea).
To
be
more
successful
after
2020,
must
contribute
effectively
meeting
goals—ranging
from
preventing
extinctions
retaining
most-intact
ecosystems—and
better
collaborate
with
many
Indigenous
peoples,
community
groups
private
initiatives
central
biodiversity.
The
long-term
requires
parties
Convention
Biological
Diversity
secure
adequate
financing,
plan
climate
change
make
far
stronger
part
land,
water
sea
policies.
conservation—including
measures—after
2020
depend
securing
funding
prioritizing
management.
PeerJ,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
7, С. e8069 - e8069
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2019
Caribbean
reef
corals
have
experienced
unprecedented
declines
from
climate
change,
anthropogenic
stressors
and
infectious
diseases
in
recent
decades.
Since
2014,
a
highly
lethal,
new
disease,
called
stony
coral
tissue
loss
has
impacted
many
reef-coral
species
Florida.
During
the
summer
of
2018,
we
noticed
an
anomalously
high
disease
prevalence
affecting
different
northern
portion
Mexican
Caribbean.
We
assessed
severity
this
outbreak
2018/2019
using
AGRRA
protocol
to
survey
82
sites
across
Then,
subset
14
sites,
detailed
information
before
(2016/2017)
explore
consequences
on
condition
composition
communities.
Our
findings
show
that
already
spread
entire
region
by
similar
(with
patterns)
those
previously
described
for
However,
observed
great
variability
mortality
was
not
attributable
any
geographical
gradient.
Using
long-term
data,
determined
there
is
no
evidence
such
anywhere
which
suggests
afflicted
within
few
months.
The
analysis
contained
pre-outbreak
showed
event
considerably
increased
severely
changed
structure
communities
region.
Given
lethality
number
susceptible
species,
encourage
researchers,
managers
stakeholders
Western
Atlantic
accord
it
highest
priority
near
future.
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
6
Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2019
Over
60%
of
the
world's
reefs
experience
damage
from
local
activities
such
as
overfishing,
coastal
development,
and
watershed
pollution.
Land-based
sources
pollution
are
a
critical
threat
to
coral
reefs,
understanding
"ridge-to-reef"
changes
is
critically
needed
improve
management
survival
in
Anthropocene.
We
review
existing
literature
on
spatial-ecological
connections
between
land
use
health,
specifically
examining
vegetative,
agricultural,
urban,
other
land-use
types.
In
general,
forested
positively
related
metrics
condition,
while
anthropogenic
uses
like
urban
development
agriculture
drive
decline
cover,
diversity,
colony
size,
structural
complexity.
However,
land-cover
impacts
vary
across
time
space,
small
portions
landscape
(e.g.,
discrete
segments
unpaved
roads,
grazed
scalded
hillsides)
may
have
an
outsized
effect
reef
pollution,
presenting
opportunities
for
targeted
conservation.
Some
species
show
resilience
under
change,
impact
recovery
bleaching
remains
active
area
research.
Finally,
spatial
bibliography
reveals
that
most
ridge-to-reef
studies
focus
handful
regional
hotspots,
surface
water,
watershed-scale
dynamics;
more
research
address
groundwater
connectivity
compare
multiple
regions
scales.
Approaches
ecology
assess
patterns
of,
synergies
between,
interlocking
cover
assist
conservation
managers
designing
resilient
reefscapes.
Communications Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
5(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2022
Diseases
are
major
drivers
of
the
deterioration
coral
reefs
and
linked
to
declines
in
abundance,
reef
functionality,
reef-related
ecosystems
services.
An
outbreak
a
new
disease
is
currently
rampaging
through
populations
remaining
reef-building
corals
across
Caribbean
region.
The
was
first
reported
Florida
2014
reached
northern
Mesoamerican
Reef
by
summer
2018,
where
it
spread
~450-km
system
only
few
months.
Rapid
generalized
all
sites
mortality
rates
ranged
from
94%
<10%
among
21
afflicted
species.
Most
species
family
Meandrinadae
(maze
corals)
subfamily
Faviinae
(brain
sustained
losses
>50%.
This
single
event
further
modified
communities
region
increasing
relative
dominance
weedy
reducing
both
terms
functional
diversity
calcium
carbonate
production.
emergent
likely
become
most
lethal
disturbance
ever
recorded
Caribbean,
will
result
onset
regime
key
complex
branching
acroporids,
an
apparently
unaffected
genus
that
underwent
severe
population
decades
ago
retained
low
levels,
once
again
conspicuous
structural
features
systems
with
yet
even
lower
levels
physical
functionality.
Conservation Letters,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2021
Abstract
As
human
activities
on
the
world's
oceans
intensify,
mapping
pressure
is
essential
to
develop
appropriate
conservation
strategies
and
prioritize
investments
with
limited
resources.
Here,
we
map
six
(nonclimatic)
pressures
coral
reefs
using
latest
quantitative
data
fishing,
water
pollution
(nitrogen
sediments),
coastal
population,
industrial
development,
tourism.
Using
a
percentile
approach
rank
different
stressors,
identify
top‐ranked
local
estimate
cumulative
index
for
54,596
global
reef
pixels
at
0.05°
(∼5
km)
resolution.
We
find
that
are
exposed
multiple
intense
pressures:
fishing
(nutrients
sediments)
most
common
worldwide
(in
30.8%
32.3%
of
cells,
respectively),
although
each
was
ranked
as
top
in
some
locations.
also
similar
inside
outside
proposed
portfolio
climate
refugia,
suggesting
even
potential
refugia
have
high
levels
require
effective
management.
Our
findings
datasets
provide
best
available
information
can
ensure
effectively
managed
across
reefs.
Environmental Research Letters,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
17(3), С. 033002 - 033002
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2022
Abstract
Climate-related
risks
in
Central
and
South
America
have
received
increased
attention
concern
science
policy,
but
an
up-to-date
comprehensive
review
synthesis
of
adaptation
potential
is
currently
missing.
For
this
paper
we
evaluated
over
200
peer-reviewed
articles
grey
literature
documents
published
since
2012.
We
found
that
climate
change
during
the
21st
century
may
increase
risk
to
severe
levels
for
following
topical
clusters:
(a)
Food
insecurity;
(b)
Floods
landslides;
(c)
Water
scarcity;
(d)
Epidemics
vector-borne
diseases;
(e)
Amazon
Forest
biome
shift;
(f).
Coral
bleaching;
(g)
Coastal
sea
level
rise,
storm
surges
erosion;
(h)
Systemic
failure
due
cascading
impacts
hazards
epidemics.
Our
also
identified
feasible
measures
each
risk.
The
will
be
heterogeneous
throughout
region,
with
rural
communities,
Indigenous
peoples,
Afro-Latin
Americans,
women,
disabled
people,
migrants
as
being
most
severely
affected.
refer
a
number
options
However,
unabated
together
low
adaptive
capacity
strictly
limit
options.
Immediate
strengthening
policies
building
research
on
risk-adaptation
nexus
are
paramount.
findings
might
contribute
guide
adjustment
emphasis
management
strategies
from
local
national
level.
Marine and Freshwater Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
76(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025
Context
The
effectiveness
of
using
shell
microchemistry
methods
for
reconstructing
the
pelagic
dispersal
shell-forming
marine
organisms
relies
on
existence
sufficient
spatial
variability
and
temporal
stability
in
microchemical
composition
coastal
waters.
Aims
This
study
aimed
to
determine
whether
can
reliably
infer
green-lipped
mussel
(Perna
canaliculus)
across
a
large
well-mixed
embayment
New
Zealand.
Methods
Isotopes
12
chemical
elements
(7Li,
27Al,
59Co,
60Ni,
63Cu,
66Zn,
88Sr,
138Ba,
139La,
140Ce,
208Pb
238U)
were
assessed
from
juvenile
shells
grown
situ
22
sites
two
consecutive
periods
~5
weeks.
Key
results
There
was
measured
element
concentrations
support
atlases
that
are
capable
distinguishing
among
regions
within
this
embayment,
with
73%
assignment
accuracy.
However,
signatures
is
such
they
would
need
be
sampled
contemporaneously
animal
samples
effective
mussels
embayment.
Conclusions
shows
spatio-temporal
resolution
inferring
economically
ecologically
important
species
over
Sufficient
at
scale
may
come
unique
hydro-geological
inputs.
Implications
confirms
feasibility
method
tracking
offering
insights
improve
accuracy
reduce
costs
future
research.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
27(3), С. 640 - 651
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2020
Abstract
The
ecology
and
structure
of
many
tropical
coral
reefs
have
been
markedly
altered
over
the
past
few
decades.
Although
long‐term
recovery
has
observed
in
terms
cover,
it
is
not
clear
how
novel
species
configurations
shape
reef
functionality
impaired
reefs.
identities
life‐history
strategies
corals
that
recover
are
essential
for
understanding
functional
dynamics.
We
used
a
identity
approach
to
quantify
physical
outcomes
13
year
period
across
56
sites
Mexican
Caribbean.
This
region
was
affected
by
multiple
stressors
converged
drastically
damaged
early
2000s.
Since
then,
shown
evidence
modest
cover.
Bayesian
linear
models
annual
rates
change
estimate
temporal
changes
Moreover,
diversity
framework
explore
composition
traits
those
assemblages.
Between
2005
2018,
increased
at
lower
rate
compared
disparity
between
depended
on
(mainly
non‐framework
foliose‐digitate
corals).
No
dominance
or
trait
were
observed,
whereas
building
consistently
dominated
most
cover
potential
may
provide
some
ecological
benefits,
effects
frameworks
remain
unclear,
as
key
reef‐building
observed.
Our
findings
likely
be
representative
wider
Caribbean
basin,
declines
rapid
increases
relative
abundance
weedy
reported
regionally.
A
assess
turnover
needed
understand