Addictive Behaviors,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
141, С. 107641 - 107641
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023
This
study
contrasts
young
people's
predrinking
in
two
European
cultural
contexts:
Spain
and
the
UK.
Whilst
UK
typically
occurs
amongst
small
groups
of
individuals
who
already
know
one
another,
distinctive
Spanish
context
Botellón
details
a
far
larger
gathering
which
participants
may
be
less
likely
to
each
other.
As
such,
motives
drive
consumption
risk-taking
expected
vary
between
these
cultures.
An
online
questionnaire
(N
=
397;
167,
230)
was
used
examine
variety
drinking
behaviours
associated
beliefs/motivations
including
motivations,
behaviour,
risk
taking.
Path
analysis
analyse
both
direct
indirect
relationships
measures
with
aim
predicting
problem
alcohol
most
parsimonious
model.
Varying
(in)direct
paths
were
observed
Most
notably
pointing
towards
inconsistency
drivers
adults'
drinking,
fun
featured
prominently
among
respondents
predicted
their
reported
(not
so
UK),
while
conviviality
more
prevalent
motive
sample
case
Spain).
Further,
(personal)
risky
behaviour
samples,
suggesting
importance
group
norms
activity,
irrespective
consumption.
These
findings
highlight
potential
environment
people
predrink.
Given
shaping
taking
people,
differences
contexts
warrant
further
investigation.
Substance Use & Misuse,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
56(3), С. 416 - 423
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2021
Background:
Pre-loading
of
alcohol
and
other
drugs
has
become
a
prevalent
start
to
nights
out
in
many
countries.
Studies
into
pre-loading
have
been
using
different
operational
definitions
descriptions,
leading
confusion
debate
the
research
literature.
Purpose/Objective:
We
wish
propose
full
taxonomy
so
that
preloading,
any
substances,
can
be
specific
standardized.
Methods:
address
this
problem
by
analyzing
(1)
terminology
used
throughout
literature,
(2)
evolving
nature
phenomenon,
(3)
components
comprising
substance
use
practice.
Additionally,
we
provide
context
rationale
for
how
view
relation
broader
event-level
session.
Results:
Our
results
definition
used,
built
upon,
researchers.
also
visual
representation
within
an
session
method
facilitate
consistency
across
cultures.
Conclusions:
system
will
lead
greater
specificity
higher
reliability
interpretation
results.
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
42(1), С. 30 - 34
Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2017
We
aimed
to
quantify
the
degree
which
students
pre-gamed
in
New
Zealand,
using
self-report
and
breathalysers.A
total
of
569
Zealand
undergraduate
were
interviewed
(men
=
45.2%;
first
year
81.4%)
entering
three
university-run
concerts.
asked
participants
report
how
many
drinks
they
had
consumed,
their
self-reported
intoxication
duration
pre-gaming
session.
then
recorded
participants'
Breath
Alcohol
Concentration
(BrAC;
µg/L)
time
arrived
at
event.The
number
who
reported
consuming
alcohol
before
event
was
504
(88.6%)
standard
consumed
high
(M=6.9;
median=6.0).
A
237
(41.7%)
could
not
have
BrAC
due
having
≤10
minutes
interview.
The
remaining
332
(57.3%)
a
mean
288.8µg/L
(median=280.0
µg/L).
Gender,
off-campus
accommodation,
length
drinking
session,
arrival
all
associated
with
increased
pre-gaming.
Conclusion
implications
for
public
health:
Pre-gaming
norm
students.
Universities
must
take
into
account;
policy
include
earlier
start
times
events
limiting
students'
access
prior
events.
Pharmacology Research & Perspectives,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
5(4)
Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2017
Abstract
Alcohol
is
a
frequently
used
addictive
substance
worldwide.
Aim
of
this
study
to
determine
the
frequency
distribution
SNP
s
within
ADH
1B
,
4
1C
ALDH
2,
BDNF
OPRM
1
and
DRD
2
genes
in
southeastern
European
Caucasian
population
from
Greece.
For
purpose
samples
1276
volunteers
were
analyzed
after
deidentification
anonymization.
The
allele
examined
polymorphisms
present
Greek
cohort
was
as
follows:
rs1229984
(
):
GG
(wt)
=
64.14%,
GA
29.86%,
AA
4.00%;
rs1693482
CC
57.45%,
CT
36.76%,
TT
5.80%;
rs1799971
72.43%,
AG
28.72%,
1.89%;
rs1800497
70.84%,
27.18%,
1.98%;
rs1800759
34.25%,
CA
48.12%,
17.63%;
rs6265
65.99%,
31.02%,
2.99%;
rs671
99.84%
0.16%,
0.00%.
Mutant
A
~6.5×
more
frequent
than
population.
T
~1.7×
alleles
for
show
similar
frequencies
both
northern
southern
Europeans.
One
mutant
detected
(0.08%).
~1.2×
~1.1×
An
alcohol
addiction‐specific
algorithm
generated
TGS
)
that
may
predict
addiction
prevalence
According
our
findings,
Southeastern
differ
genetically
north
Europeans
due
influences
neighboring
Asian
African
populations
calculated
score
>50
indicates
individuals
with
low
susceptibility
develop
addiction.
Substance Use & Misuse,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
54(6), С. 1017 - 1023
Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2019
Investigations
examining
the
association
between
pregaming,
or
consumption
of
alcohol
prior
to
attending
a
social
gathering
drinking
establishment,
and
blood
concentrations
have
primarily
relied
on
estimations
(i.e.,
Widmark
equation),
rather
than
objective
biologic
samples,
such
as
breath
concentration
(BrAC).The
current
study
assessed:
(1)
using
quantity-based
measures,
among
sample
college
non-college
affiliated
bar
patrons,
(2)
associations
pregaming
intensity/status
participant
intoxication
(BrAC),
(3)
whether
participants
who
pregamed
were
more
likely
identify
hazardous
drinker.548
patrons
provided
data
Alcohol
Use
Disorders
Identification
Test-Consumption
(AUDIT-C)
single
item
assessing
quantity
consumed
visiting
bar/restaurant
district
in
2015.
BrAC
samples
collected
post
interview.
We
used
hierarchical
linear
regression
models,
respectively,
assess
significantly
impacted
presence
predicted
behavior.After
controlling
for
sex,
race/ethnicity,
age,
student
status,
Greek
affiliation,
model
explained
32.3%
(R2
=
.323)
variance
levels
(F(12)
21.162,
p
<
.001),
with
4.30%
solely
by
(β
0.014;
.001).
The
if
harzardous
behavior
31.2%
.312)
(F(18)
13.276,
4.2%
AUDIT-C
scores
0.280;
.001).Findings
further
highlight
harmful
risk
linked
elevated
intoxication.
Addiction,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
115(8), С. 1459 - 1469
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2020
To
estimate
age-specific
changes
in
hospital
admissions
for
alcohol
intoxication
following
two
consecutive
restrictions
on
off-premises
sales
introduced
the
canton
of
Vaud,
Switzerland.Primary
analyses
used
interrupted
autoregressive
integrated
moving
average
(ARIMA)
time-series
(repeated
cross-sectional),
with
Lausanne
and
Vaud
as
experimental
sites
rest
Switzerland
control.
Secondary
used,
example,
a
different
control
site
(other
French-speaking
cantons
only)
or
statistical
model.Switzerland
between
2010
2016.In-patients
(i.e.
patients
assigned
bed
overnight)
hospitalized
8
p.m.
6
a.m.
(n
=
1
261
564),
documented
Swiss
Hospital
Statistics.Ban
1,
only
effective
canton's
capital,
Lausanne,
prohibited
all
alcoholic
beverages
after
Fridays
Saturdays
from
September
2013
to
June
2015.
In
July
2015,
Ban
2
replaced
this,
covered
whole
affected
beer
spirits
(but
not
wine)
9
(8
Lausanne)
every
night
week.Proportions
monthly
(ICD-10
diagnoses
F10.0/F10.1,
T51.0)
per
1000
overall
admissions.Proportions
hospitalizations
declined
both
bans
[ωBan1
-0.017,
95%
confidence
interval
(CI)
-0.025,
-0.008;
ωBan2
-0.021,
CI
-0.030,
-0.013]
but
remainder
(ωBan2
-0.008,
-0.014,
-0.002).
Estimated
%
were
largest
among
16-19-year-olds.
However,
admission
rates
more
frequent
adulthood
than
adolescence,
estimated
change
number
cases
was
also
relevant
public
health
20-69-year-olds.
supported
findings
primary
analyses.Even
partial
(only
days
week
spirits)
appeared
reduce
across
wide
age
range
(ages
16-69
years).
Substance Use & Misuse,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
54(5), С. 747 - 757
Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2019
Background:
Social
anxiety
and
self-consciousness
are
associated
with
alcohol-related
problems
in
students.
The
practice
of
pre-loading
is
one
avenue
for
exploration
regarding
this
relationship.
Individuals
may
pre-load
to
reduce
social
feel
more
confident
when
socializing,
which
could
lead
the
increased
harms
experienced.
current
study
aimed
explore
reasons
pre-loading,
whether
public
private
were
related
drinking,
harms.
Objectives:
Prospective
four-week
follow
up
325
UK
students
aged
18-–30
years
old.
Participants
completed
measures
self-consciousness,
anxiety,
alcohol
consumption,
harms,
pre-loading.
Results:
Financial
motives
mood-related
reasons,
such
as
gaining
confidence
reported
Pre-loading
predicted
hazardous
but
did
not.
However,
Furthermore,
mediated
relationship
between
a
positive
direction
appeared
be
relevant
high-risk
(AUDIT
8+)
than
low-risk
drinkers.
Conclusions:
Students
who
scored
higher
at
greater
risk
from
Further
research
should
examine
particular
attention
drinkers,
aspects
night
out
heightened
self-consciousness.
Interventions
incorporate
order
negative
impacts
Alcohol and Alcoholism,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
56(6), С. 683 - 688
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2020
The
limited
existing
research
on
drinking
games
and
predrinking
among
university
students
in
Argentina,
Australia,
Canada,
New
Zealand
suggests
that
participation
these
risky
practices
is
relatively
widespread
this
population.
Drinking
norms
alcohol
use
can
vary
across
countries
different
regions
of
the
globe.
measurement
between
studies
also
differs,
making
cross-country
comparisons
difficult.
present
study
explored
differences
past
month
from
a
large
public
Zealand.The
data
analytic
sample
consisted
1134
(ages
18-25,
Mage
=
20.2
years;
72.6%
women)
Argentina
(n
349),
Australia
280),
Canada
262),
243)
who
reported
weekly
consumption.
Students
completed
confidential
survey
attitudes
behaviors.Controlling
for
age,
gender,
drink
consumption,
there
were
no
predrinking.
In
contrast,
more
likely
to
have
played
game
than
Argentina.The
finding
suggest
are
equally
participate
regardless
country;
however,
likelihood
playing
differs
as
function
country
site.
