eDNA metabarcoding detection of nearshore juvenile white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) and prey fish communities
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
583, С. 152084 - 152084
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025
Язык: Английский
Loss of Earth’s old, wise, and large animals
Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
387(6729)
Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2024
Earth’s
old
animals
are
in
decline.
Despite
this,
emerging
research
is
revealing
the
vital
contributions
of
older
individuals
to
cultural
transmission,
population
dynamics,
and
ecosystem
processes
services.
Often
largest
most
experienced,
valued
by
humans
make
important
reproduction,
information
acquisition
trophic
resistance
resilience
natural
anthropogenic
disturbance.
These
observations
contrast
with
senescence-focused
paradigm
age
that
has
dominated
literature
for
more
than
a
century
yet
consistent
findings
from
behavioral
ecology
life
history
theory.
In
this
work,
we
review
why
global
loss
can
be
particularly
detrimental
long-lived
indeterminate
growth;
those
increasing
reproductive
output
age;
dependent
on
migration,
sociality,
transmission
survival.
Longevity
conservation
needed
protect
ecological
roles
services
provided
animals.
Язык: Английский
Ecological erosion and expanding extinction risk of sharks and rays
Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
386(6726)
Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2024
The
true
state
of
ocean
biodiversity
is
difficult
to
assess,
and
there
are
few
global
indicators
track
the
primary
threat
overfishing.
We
calculated
a
50-year
Red
List
Index
extinction
risk
ecological
function
for
1199
sharks
rays
found
that
since
1970,
overfishing
has
halved
their
populations
worsened
by
19%.
Overfishing
largest
species
in
nearshore
pelagic
habitats
risks
loss
ecomorphotypes
5
22%
erosion
functional
diversity.
Extinction
higher
countries
with
large
human
coastal
but
lower
nations
stronger
governance,
larger
economies,
greater
beneficial
fisheries
subsidies.
Restricting
fishing
(including
incidental
catch)
trade
sustainable
levels
combined
prohibiting
retention
highly
threatened
can
avert
further
depletion,
widespread
population
connectivity,
top-down
predator
control.
Язык: Английский
Spatial scale and conservation options for carpet sharks
Biological Conservation,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
308, С. 111211 - 111211
Опубликована: Май 12, 2025
Язык: Английский
Ecological lifestyle and gill slit height across sharks
Royal Society Open Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(5)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2024
Metabolic
morphology-the
morphological
features
related
to
metabolic
rate-offers
broad
comparative
insights
into
the
physiological
performance
and
ecological
function
of
species.
However,
some
traits,
such
as
gill
surface
area,
require
costly
lethal
sampling.
Measurements
slit
height
from
anatomically
accurate
drawings,
those
in
field
guides,
offer
opportunity
understand
without
need
for
Here,
we
examine
relationship
between
each
three
traits
that
comprise
lifestyle:
activity,
maximum
body
size,
depth
across
nearly
all
sharks
(
Язык: Английский
Changing feeding levels reveal plasticity in elasmobranch life history strategies
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024
Abstract
Life
history
strategies
are
shaped
by
phylogeny,
environmental
conditions
and
individual
energy
budgets,
have
implications
for
population
performance.
Here,
we
used
an
approach
that
merges
demography
with
budget
theory
to
structure
life
traits
of
151
elasmobranch
species
into
two
contrasting
feeding
levels.
We
assessed
how
phylogeny
habitat
impacted
strategies,
tested
if
these
predict
performance
conservation
status.
Elasmobranch
structured
along
the
fast-slow
continuum
reproductive
strategy
axes.
However,
species’
positions
in
this
space
were
not
fixed,
but
instead
moved
anticlockwise
‘whirlpool’
manner
axes
response
increase
level.
also
found
growth
rate
does
necessarily
inform
on
a
demographic
resilience.
Finally,
only
at
higher
level
IUCN
status,
slowest
highest
risk
extinction.
Our
analyses
reveal
plasticity
warn
against
extrapolating
framework
from
one
environment
another
when
predicting
(climate)
change,
perturbations,
and,
particularly
case
elasmobranchs,
(over)exploitation.
Язык: Английский
Does death drive the scaling of life?
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024
ABSTRACT
The
magnitude
of
many
kinds
biological
structures
and
processes
scale
with
organismal
size,
often
in
regular
ways
that
can
be
described
by
power
functions.
Traditionally,
these
“biological
scaling”
relationships
have
been
explained
based
on
internal
geometric,
physical,
energetic
constraints
according
to
universal
natural
laws,
such
as
the
“surface
law”
“3/4‐power
law”.
However,
during
last
three
decades
it
has
become
increasingly
apparent
scaling
vary
greatly
response
various
external
(environmental)
factors.
In
this
review,
I
propose
provide
several
lines
evidence
supporting
a
new
ecological
perspective
call
“mortality
theory
ecology”
(MorTE).
According
viewpoint,
mortality
imposes
time
limits
growth,
development,
reproduction
organisms.
Accordingly,
small,
vulnerable
organisms
subject
high
due
predation
other
environmental
hazards
evolved
faster,
shorter
lives
than
larger,
more
protected
A
MorTE
also
includes
corollary,
size‐related
causative
factors
(e.g.
intraspecific
resource
competition,
geometric
surface
area
volume
effects
supply/transport
protection
tissues
from
hazards,
homeostatic
regulatory
systems,
incidence
pathogens
parasites,
etc.)
impact
life.
mortality‐centred
approach
successfully
predicts
ranges
body‐mass
slopes
observed
for
traits.
Furthermore,
argue
rate
should
considered
ultimate
(evolutionary)
driver
life,
is
expressed
context
proximate
(functional)
drivers
information‐based
regulation
spatial
(geometric)
(metabolic)
constraints.
Язык: Английский
Practices and informal institutions governing artisanal gillnet fisheries in Western Ghana
MAST. Maritime studies/Maritime studies,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
23(3)
Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024
Язык: Английский
Age, growth, and intrinsic sensitivity of Endangered Spinetail Devil Ray (Mobula mobular) and Bentfin Devil Ray (M. thurstoni) in the Indian Ocean
Marine Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
172(2)
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024
Devil
rays
(Mobula
spp.)
are
caught
in
fisheries
across
the
Indian
Ocean,
with
reports
of
significant
recent
declines
catch
and
sightings.
Globally,
few
populations
studied
have
extremely
low
population
growth
rates
due
to
fecundity
long
reproductive
cycles,
making
them
highly
vulnerable
overfishing.
To
allow
for
assessment
current
sustainability
devil
ray
we
provide
estimates
age
using
caudal
vertebrae;
somatic
a
Bayesian,
multi-model
approach;
maximum
intrinsic
rate
increase
(r
max
);
fishing
mortality
Endangered
Spinetail
Ray
mobular)
Bentfin
(M.
thurstoni)
sampled
from
small-scale
Indonesia,
Kenya,
Pakistan.
The
oldest
individuals
(n
=
79)
59)
were
17.5
six
years,
respectively.
Both
species
had
relatively
coefficients
(k
0.05
g
0.19
year-1,
respectively),
von
Bertalanffy
logistic
models
providing
best
fitting
models,
r
(0.109
0.107
respectively)
indicating
that
they
sensitive
overexploitation.
Fishing
F
(0.16
0.18
higher
than
exploitation
ratio
E
(0.77
0.80,
an
optimum
value
0.5
biological
both
species,
suggesting
catches
unsustainable.
We
demonstrate
approach
assess
data-poor
apply
this
two
Ocean
species.
results
highlight
urgent
need
better
management
actions
reduce
all
prevent
extinction
aid
recovery.
online
version
contains
supplementary
material
available
at
10.1007/s00227-024-04564-6.
Язык: Английский