Biodiversity and Conservation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 31(2), С. 353 - 377
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2022
Язык: Английский
Ecological Monographs, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 93(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2022
Abstract Climate warming is considered to be among the most serious of anthropogenic stresses environment, because it not only has direct effects on biodiversity, but also exacerbates harmful other human‐mediated threats. The associated consequences are potentially severe, particularly in terms threats species preservation, as well preservation an array ecosystem services provided by biodiversity. Among affected groups animals insects—central components many ecosystems—for which climate change pervasive from individuals communities. In this contribution scientists' warning series, we summarize effect gradual global surface temperature increase insects, physiology, behavior, phenology, distribution, and interactions, increased frequency duration extreme events such hot cold spells, fires, droughts, floods these parameters. We warn that, if no action taken better understand reduce will drastically our ability build a sustainable future based healthy, functional ecosystems. discuss perspectives relevant ways conserve insects face change, offer several key recommendations management approaches that can adopted, policies should pursued, involvement general public protection effort.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
331
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 98(1), С. 191 - 221
Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2022
ABSTRACT Water temperature is one of the main abiotic factors affecting structure and functioning aquatic ecosystems its alteration can have important effects on biological communities. Macroinvertebrates are excellent bio‐indicators been used for decades to assess status as a result environmental stresses; however, their responses poorly documented not systematically evaluated. The aims this review are: ( i ) collate summarize freshwater macroinvertebrates different conditions, comparing results experimental theoretical studies; ii understand how focus research has changed during last 51 years; iii identify gaps regarding responses, ecosystem types, organism groups, spatiotemporal scales, geographical regions suggest possible directions. We performed comparative assessment 223 publications that specifically consider address temperature. Short‐term studies in laboratory focusing insects exposed range temperatures dominated. Field were carried out mainly Europe, at catchment scale almost exclusively rivers; they investigated water thermal regime community scale. most frequent tested growth rate, fecundity time length emergence, whereas ecological involved composition, richness, distribution. Thermal undergone shift since 2000s when involving extended scales investigating global warming first appeared. In addition, recent considered genetic evolutionary scales. Our revealed manifold with implications levels, from genes However, community‐level physiological, phenological fitness individuals or populations should be studied more detail given macroecological likely enhanced by climate warming. field regional air proxy temperature; obtaining accurate data future will allow proper consideration spatial heterogeneity bodies any macroinvertebrate distribution patterns. Finally, we found an uneven number across geographic areas, lentic outside West underrepresented. It also crucial include high‐altitude tropical areas work because these groups vulnerable multiple reasons. Further temperature–macroinvertebrate relationships needed fill current facilitate appropriate conservation strategies anthropogenic‐driven era.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
125
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(4)
Опубликована: Март 5, 2024
Abstract Rising water temperatures in rivers due to climate change are already having observable impacts on river ecosystems. Warming has both direct and indirect aquatic life, further aggravates pervasive issues such as eutrophication, pollution, the spread of disease. Animals can survive higher through physiological and/or genetic acclimation, behavioral phenological change, range shifts more suitable locations. As such, those animals that adapted cool‐water regions typically found high altitudes latitudes where there fewer dispersal opportunities most at risk future extinction. However, sub‐lethal animal physiology phenology, body‐size, trophic interactions could have significant population‐level effects elsewhere. Rivers vulnerable warming because historic management left them exposed solar radiation removal riparian shade, hydrologically disconnected longitudinally, laterally, vertically. The resilience riverine ecosystems is also limited by anthropogenic simplification habitats, with implications for resource use resident organisms. Due complex ecosystems, species‐specific response organisms warming, predicting how will challenging. Restoring provide connectivity heterogeneity conditions would a expected co‐occurring pressures, including should be considered priority part global strategies adaptation mitigation. This article categorized under: Science Water > Environmental Change Life Nature Freshwater Ecosystems Stresses Pressures
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
34
Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 27(8), С. 1504 - 1517
Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2021
Abstract Mountains are global biodiversity hotspots where cold environments and their associated ecological communities threatened by climate warming. Considerable research attention has been devoted to understanding the effects of alpine glacier snowfield recession. However, much less given identifying refugia in mountain ecosystems present‐day environmental conditions will be maintained, at least near‐term, as other habitats change. Around world, montane microbes, animals, plants live on, adjacent to, downstream rock glaciers related rocky landforms (CRL). These geomorphological features have overlooked literature despite being extremely common ranges worldwide with a propensity support stable for aquatic terrestrial biodiversity. CRLs responsive atmospheric warming than snowfields due insulating nature thermal inertia debris cover paired internal ventilation patterns. Thus, likely remain on landscape after melted, thereby providing longer‐term habitat living them. Here, we show that act key ecosystems, offer guidelines incorporating into conservation practices, identify areas future research.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
90
Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 47, С. 67 - 74
Опубликована: Май 11, 2021
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
53
Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 27(2), С. 297 - 311
Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2020
Abstract A fundamental gap in climate change vulnerability research is an understanding of the relative thermal sensitivity ectotherms. Aquatic insects are vital to stream ecosystem function and biodiversity but insufficiently studied with respect their physiology. With global temperatures rising at unprecedented rate, it imperative that we know how aquatic respond increasing temperature whether these responses vary among taxa, latitudes, elevations. We evaluated standard metabolic rate stream‐dwelling baetid mayflies perlid stoneflies across a ~2,000 m elevation gradient temperate Rocky Mountains Colorado, USA, tropical Andes Napo, Ecuador. used temperature‐controlled water baths microrespirometry estimate changes oxygen consumption. Tropical generally exhibited greater metabolism compared mayflies; mayfly rates increased more rapidly frequently behavioral signs stress. By contrast, did not clearly differ. Varied may reflect differences evolutionary history or ecological roles as herbivores predators, respectively. Our results show there physiological variation elevations species low‐elevation be especially imperiled by warming. Given such species, broad generalizations about ectotherms should made cautiously.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
49
Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 47, С. 90 - 102
Опубликована: Май 15, 2021
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
39
Canadian Water Resources Journal / Revue canadienne des ressources hydriques, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 48(2), С. 167 - 188
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023
Climate change is warming stream temperatures with significant implications for species that require cold to persist. These often rely on headwater habitats in mountainous regions where elevation gradients hydroclimatic conditions may induce differential patterns of long-term affect the resistance refugia. Forecasts from mechanistic and statistical temperature models diverge regarding whether this dependence will cause above- or below-average headwaters during warm summer periods, so we examined monitoring records (n = 271), air 690), discharge 131) across broad a region western North America better understand potential future trends. Over 40-year period characterized by rapid climate 1976–2015, stations exhibited rates at high elevations while declined above average rates. Between climatically extreme years involved increases >5 °C declines >70%, high-elevation streams below but otherwise showed negligible intermediate years. In subsequent example, it was demonstrated dependent has minor effect amount thermal habitat loss relative water increase within mountain river network. We conclude predictions effects organisms be overly pessimistic discuss reasons why different types make divergent forecasts. Several research areas warrant greater attention, including descriptions elevation-dependent other comparative purposes, examination how sensitivity forcing evolving, use new data sources represent key processes areas, development hybrid integrate best attributes approaches.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
15
Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(10), С. 2669 - 2680
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2023
Abstract Ongoing climate change has profoundly affected global biodiversity, but its impacts on populations across elevations remain understudied. Using mechanistic niche models incorporating species traits, we predicted ecophysiological responses (activity times, oxygen consumption and evaporative water loss) for lizard at high‐elevation (<3600 m asl) extra‐high‐elevation (≥3600 under recent (1970–2000) future (2081–2100) climates. Compared with their counterparts, lizards from are to experience a greater increase in activity time consumption. By integrating these into hybrid distribution (HSDMs), were able make the following predictions two warming scenarios (SSP1‐2.6, SSP5‐8.5). 2081–2100, predict that both high‐ will shift upslope; gain more lose less habitat than congeners. We therefore advocate conservation of context change, especially those living close lower elevational range limits. In addition, by comparing results HSDMs traditional models, highlight importance considering intraspecific variation local adaptation physiological traits along gradients when forecasting species' distributions change.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
15
Insects, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(1), С. 42 - 42
Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2022
Insects demonstrate a wide diversity of microscopic cuticular and extra-cuticular features. These features often produce multifunctional surfaces which are greatly desired in engineering material science fields. Among these functionalities, hydrophobicity is particular interest has gained recent attention as it results other properties such self-cleaning, anti-biofouling, anti-corrosion. We reviewed the historical contemporary scientific literature to create an extensive review known hydrophobic superhydrophobic structures insects. found that numerous insects across at least fourteen taxonomic orders possess variety surface chemicals physical promote hydrophobicity. discuss few bioinspired design examples how have already inspired new technologies. Moving forward, use bioinspiration framework will help us gain insight into why systems work nature. Undoubtedly, our fundamental understanding chemical principles result functional insect continue facilitate production novel materials.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
19