Digital mapping of GlobalSoilMap soil properties at a broad scale: A review

Geoderma, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 409, С. 115567 - 115567

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2021

Soils are essential for supporting food production and providing ecosystem services but under pressure due to population growth, higher demand, land use competition. Because of the effort ensure sustainable soil resources, demand current, updatable information capable decisions across scales is increasing. Digital mapping (DSM) addresses drawbacks conventional has been increasingly used delivering in a time- cost-efficient manner with spatial resolution, better map accuracy, quantified uncertainty estimates. We reviewed 244 articles published between January 2003 July 2021 then summarised progress broad-scale (spatial extent >10,000 km2) DSM, focusing on 12 mandatory properties GlobalSoilMap. observed that DSM publications continued increase exponentially; however, majority (74.6%) focused applications rather than methodology development. China, France, Australia, United States were most active countries, Africa South America lacked country-based products. Approximately 78% organic matter/carbon content carbon stocks because their significant role security climate regulation. Half topsoil only (<30 cm), studies deep (100–200 cm) less represented (21.7%). Relief, organisms, three frequently environmental covariates DSM. Nonlinear models (i.e. machine learning) have capacity manage complex interactions covariates. Soil pH was best predicted property (average R2 0.60, 0.63, 0.56 at 0–30, 30–100, 100–200 cm). Other relatively well-predicted clay, silt, sand, (SOC), matter (SOM), SOC stocks, bulk density, coarse fragments depth poorly (R2 < 0.28). In addition, decreasing model performance deeper intervals found properties. Further research should pursue rescuing legacy data, sampling new data guided by well-designed schemas, collecting representative covariates, improving interpretability advanced predictive models, relating indicators such as accuracy precision cost-benefit risk assessment analysis decision support; moving from static dynamic DSM; high-quality, fine-resolution digital maps address global challenges related resources.

Язык: Английский

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Photosynthetic limits on carbon sequestration in croplands

Geoderma, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 416, С. 115810 - 115810

Опубликована: Март 15, 2022

How much C can be stored in agricultural soils worldwide to mitigate rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, and at what cost? This question, because of its critical relevance climate policy, has been a focus soil science for decades. The amount additional organic (SOC) that could estimated various ways, most which have taken the as starting point: projecting how SOC previously lost restored, example, or calculating cumulative effect multiple management strategies. Here, we take different approach, recognizing photosynthesis, source input soil, represents fundamental constraint sequestration. We follow simple “Fermi approach” derive rough but robust estimate by reducing our problem series approximate relations parameterized using data from literature. distinguish two forms C: ‘ephemeral C’, denoting recently-applied plant-derived is quickly decayed CO2, ‘lingering C,’ remains long enough serve lasting repository derived atmospheric CO2. First, global net inputs into lingering croplands primary production, biomass removal humans short-term decomposition. Next, storage cropland globally inputs, accounting also decomposition already present. Our results suggest maximum rate pool 0.44 Pg yr−1, sequestration 0.14 yr−1 – significantly less than previous estimates, even allowing acknowledged uncertainties. More importantly, argue re-orientation emphasis processes towards wider ecosystem perspective, with photosynthesis.

Язык: Английский

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The potential of cover crops to increase soil organic carbon storage in German croplands

Plant and Soil, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 488(1-2), С. 157 - 173

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2022

Abstract Aims Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks of croplands can be enhanced by targeted management, which boosts soil fertility and contributes to climate change mitigation. One SOC sequestration option is adopting cover crops. The aim this study was quantify the potential crops in Germany. Methods We simulated scenarios on 1,267 cropland sites with site-specific management data using an model ensemble consisting RothC C-TOOL. A new method developed estimate input from that included effects climate, sowing date species crop biomass production. Results recent area could tripled 30% arable land This would enhance total 12% increase 35 Tg within 50 years, corresponding annual 0.06 Mg C ha -1 , 2.5 CO 2 or 0.8 per mill current 0–30 cm depth. On crops, 0.28–0.33 a accumulated years. Our simulations predicted even if full for growth were realised, there still decline German years due underlining negative trend. Conclusions Cover alone cannot turn sources sinks. However, growing them reduces bare fallow periods losses thus effective mitigation strategy agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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Soil inorganic carbon, the other and equally important soil carbon pool: Distribution, controlling factors, and the impact of climate change

Advances in agronomy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 165 - 231

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Responsible plant nutrition: A new paradigm to support food system transformation

Global Food Security, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 33, С. 100636 - 100636

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2022

The coming 10–20 years will be most critical for making the transition to a global food system in which mineral nutrients agriculture must managed more holistic manner. Fertilizers play particular role that because they are among key drivers securing security and improving human nutrition through increased crop yields nutritional quality. A new paradigm responsible plant follows systems circular economy approach achieve multiple socioeconomic, environmental health objectives. Achieving requires utilizing all available organic inorganic nutrient sources with high efficiency, tailored specific features of agroecosystems different world regions. Critical actions include: (i) sustainability-driven roadmaps, (ii) digital solutions, (iii) nutritious crops, (iv) recovery recycling, (v) climate-smart fertilizers, (vi) accelerated innovation. outcome this transformation societal optimum rather than purely economic optimum. New partnerships sustainability-focused business models create added value actors chain benefit farmers as well consumers. Research needs become problem-driven merge excellent science entrepreneurial innovation approaches order develop robust solutions faster at larger scale. Evidence-based policies should focus on creating supporting necessary stewardship including realistic national targets, progressive regulation incentives support technology

Язык: Английский

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Biogeochemical constraints on climate change mitigation through regenerative farming

Biogeochemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 161(1), С. 9 - 17

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Soil carbon is the blind spot of European national GHG inventories

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(4), С. 324 - 331

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Soil organic carbon stocks potentially at risk of decline with organic farming expansion

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(7), С. 719 - 725

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Shapley values reveal the drivers of soil organic carbon stock prediction

SOIL, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1), С. 21 - 38

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2023

Abstract. Insights into the controlling factors of soil organic carbon (SOC) stock variation are necessary both for our scientific understanding terrestrial balance and to support policies that intend promote storage in soils mitigate climate change. In recent years, complex statistical algorithmic tools from field machine learning have become popular modelling mapping SOC stocks over large areas. this paper, we report on development a method interpreting models, which implemented study variation. We fitted random forest model with 2206 measurements 0–50 cm depth interval mainland France used set environmental covariates as explanatory variables. introduce Shapley values, coalitional game theory, use them understand how influence prediction: what is functional form association between covariates, does covariate importance vary locally one location another carbon-landscape zones? Results were validated light existing well-described processes mediating regards previous studies same area. found vegetation topography overall most important drivers but varied greatly among locations zones. two spatial equivalent stocks, there was nearly an opposite pattern individual contribution yielded prediction – case variables contributed positively, whereas second negatively effect mitigated by land use. demonstrate values methodological yield useful insights space. This may provide valuable information whether empirical models predicting property interest right reasons formulate hypotheses mechanisms driving sequestration potential soil.

Язык: Английский

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Remote Sensing Data for Digital Soil Mapping in French Research—A Review

Remote Sensing, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(12), С. 3070 - 3070

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023

Soils are at the crossroads of many existential issues that humanity is currently facing. a finite resource under threat, mainly due to human pressure. There an urgent need map and monitor them field, regional, global scales in order improve their management prevent degradation. This remains challenge high often complex spatial variability inherent soils. Over last four decades, major research efforts field pedometrics have led development methods allowing capture nature As result, digital soil mapping (DSM) approaches been developed for quantifying soils space time. DSM monitoring become operational thanks harmonization databases, advances modeling machine learning, increasing availability spatiotemporal covariates, including exponential increase freely available remote sensing (RS) data. The latter boosted DSM, resolution assessing changes through We present review main contributions developments French (inter)national research, which has long history both RS DSM. Thanks SPOT satellite constellation started early 1980s, communities pioneered using sensing. describes data, tools, imagery support predictions wide range properties discusses pros cons. demonstrates data frequently used (i) by considering as substitute analytical measurements, or (ii) covariates related controlling factors formation evolution. It further highlights great potential provides overview challenges prospects future sensors. opens up broad use natural monitoring.

Язык: Английский

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