Ecology and Physics of Bacterial Chemotaxis in the Ocean

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 76(4), С. 792 - 812

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2012

Intuitively, it may seem that from the perspective of an individual bacterium ocean is a vast, dilute, and largely homogeneous environment. Microbial oceanographers have typically considered this point view. In reality, marine bacteria inhabit chemical seascape highly heterogeneous down to microscale, owing ubiquitous nutrient patches, plumes, gradients. Exudation excretion dissolved matter by larger organisms, lysis events, particles, animal surfaces, fluxes sediment-water interface all contribute create strong pervasive heterogeneity, where chemotaxis provide significant fitness advantage bacteria. The dynamic nature imposes selective pressures on bacterial foraging strategies, many indeed display adaptations characterize their chemotactic motility as "high performance" compared enteric model organisms. Fast swimming speeds, strongly directional responses, effective turning steering strategies ensure can successfully use very rapidly respond gradients in ocean. These fast responses are advantageous broad range ecological processes, including attaching exploiting particle retaining position close phytoplankton cells, colonizing host animals, hovering at preferred height above interface. At scales, these impact biogeochemistry increasing rates transformation, influencing flux sinking material, potentially altering balance biomass incorporation versus respiration. This review highlights physical processes underpinning ocean, describes current state knowledge bacteria, summarizes our understanding how microscale dynamics scale up affect ecosystem-scale sea.

Язык: Английский

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Sponge‐specific clusters revisited: a comprehensive phylogeny of sponge‐associated microorganisms

Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2011, Номер 14(2), С. 517 - 524

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2011

Summary Marine sponges often contain diverse and abundant communities of microorganisms including bacteria, archaea eukaryotic microbes. Numerous 16S rRNA‐based studies have identified putative ‘sponge‐specific’ microbes that are apparently absent from seawater other (non‐sponge) marine habitats. With more than 7500 sponge‐derived rRNA sequences (from clone, isolate denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis data) now publicly available, we sought to determine whether the current notion sponge‐specific sequence clusters remains valid. Comprehensive phylogenetic analyses were performed on 7546 18S available in early 2010. Overall, 27% all fell into monophyletic, clusters. Such particularly well represented among Chloroflexi , Cyanobacteria ‘ Poribacteria ’, Betaproteobacteria Acidobacteria total at least 14 bacterial phyla, as Archaea fungi. The largest cluster, representing cyanobacterium Synechococcus spongiarum contained 245 40 sponge species. These results strongly support existence provide a suitable framework for future rare symbionts, both which can be studied using next‐generation sequencing technologies.

Язык: Английский

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Host-specificity among abundant and rare taxa in the sponge microbiome

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 8(6), С. 1198 - 1209

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2014

Язык: Английский

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Diversity, abundance and natural products of marine sponge-associated actinomycetes

Natural Product Reports, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 31(3), С. 381 - 399

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2014

Actinomycetes are known for their unprecedented ability to produce novel lead compounds of clinical and pharmaceutical importance. This review focuses on the diversity, abundance methodological approaches targeting marine sponge-associated actinomycetes. Additionally, qPCR data actinomycete abundances in different sponge species other environmental sources presented. The natural products literature is covered, we here reporting chemical structures, biological activities, as well source organisms from which they were isolated.

Язык: Английский

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Marine microbial symbiosis heats up: the phylogenetic and functional response of a sponge holobiont to thermal stress

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 7(5), С. 991 - 1002

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2013

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances in the ecology of mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs)

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 7, С. 72 - 81

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2014

Язык: Английский

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The Essentials of Marine Biotechnology

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8

Опубликована: Март 16, 2021

Coastal countries have traditionally relied on the existing marine resources (e.g., fishing, food, transport, recreation, and tourism) as well tried to support new economic endeavors (ocean energy, desalination for water supply, seabed mining). Modern societies lifestyle resulted in an increased demand dietary diversity, better health well-being, biomedicines, natural cosmeceuticals, environmental conservation, sustainable energy sources. These societal needs stimulated interest of researchers diverse underexplored environments promising sources biomolecules biomass, they are addressed by emerging field (blue) biotechnology. Blue biotechnology provides opportunities a wide range initiatives commercial pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic, nutraceutical, feed, agricultural, related industries. This article synthesizes essence, opportunities, responsibilities, challenges encountered outlines attainment valorization directly derived or bio-inspired products from organisms. First, concept bioeconomy is introduced. Then, diversity bioresources including overview most prominent organisms their potential biotechnological uses described. followed introducing methodologies exploration these main use case scenarios food agronomy, bioremediation climate change, materials, healthcare, well-being sectors. The key aspects fields legislation funding provided, with emphasis importance communication stakeholder engagement at all levels development. Finally, vital overarching concepts, such quadruple helix Responsible Research Innovation principle highlighted important follow within field. authors this review collaborating under European Commission-funded Cooperation Science Technology (COST) Action Ocean4Biotech – transdisciplinary networking platform focus study state affairs.

Язык: Английский

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Marine Natural Products as Innovative Cosmetic Ingredients

Marine Drugs, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(3), С. 170 - 170

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

Over the course of last 20 years, numerous studies have identified benefits an array marine natural ingredients for cosmetic purposes, as they present unique characteristics not found in terrestrial organisms. Consequently, several marine-based and bioactive compounds are under development, used or considered skin care cosmetics. Despite multitude cosmetics based on sources, only a small proportion their full potential has been exploited. Many industries turned attention to sea obtain innovative marine-derived cosmetics, but further research is needed determine elucidate benefits. This review gathers information main biological targets ingredients, different classes products interest applications, organisms from which such can be sourced. Although phyla varied bioactivities, algae phylum seems most promising presenting many classes. In fact, some these higher bioactivities than commercialized counterparts, demonstrating presented by applications (i.e., Mycosporine-like amino acids terpenoids' antioxidant activity). also summarizes major challenges opportunities faced successfully reach market. As future perspective, we consider that fruitful cooperation among academics could lead more sustainable market through responsible sourcing implementing ecological manufacturing processes, experimenting with inventive recycling reuse programs.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative metagenomic and rRNA microbial diversity characterization using archaeal and bacterial synthetic communities

Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 15(6), С. 1882 - 1899

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2013

Summary Next‐generation sequencing has dramatically changed the landscape of microbial ecology, large‐scale and in‐depth diversity studies being now widely accessible. However, determining accuracy taxonomic quantitative inferences comparing results obtained with different approaches are complicated by incongruence experimental computational data types also lack knowledge true ecological diversity. Here we used highly diverse bacterial archaeal synthetic communities assembled from pure genomic DNAs to compare metagenomic SSU rRNA amplicon sequencing. Both I llumina 454 outperformed in quantifying community composition, but outcome was dependent on analysis parameters platform. New processing classifying amplicons can reconstruct composition high reproducibility within primer sets, all tested primers sets lead significant taxon‐specific biases. Controlled broadly mimic phylogenetic richness target environments provide important validation for fine‐tuning characterize natural communities.

Язык: Английский

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Stability of Sponge-Associated Bacteria over Large Seasonal Shifts in Temperature and Irradiance

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 78(20), С. 7358 - 7368

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2012

ABSTRACT Complex microbiomes reside in marine sponges and consist of diverse microbial taxa, including functional guilds that may contribute to host metabolism coastal nutrient cycles. Our understanding these symbiotic systems is based primarily on static accounts sponge microbiota, while their temporal dynamics across seasonal cycles remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated variation bacterial symbionts three sympatric ( Ircinia spp.) over 1.5 years the northwestern (NW) Mediterranean Sea, using replicated terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) clone library analyses 16S rRNA gene sequences. Bacterial spp. exhibited species-specific structure remarkable stability throughout monitoring period, despite large fluctuations temperature irradiance. In contrast, seawater bacteria clear shifts community structure, indicating different ecological constraints act free-living bacteria. Symbiont profiles were dominated by persistent, sponge-specific notably affiliated with phylogenetic lineages capable photosynthesis, nitrite oxidation, sulfate reduction. Variability microbiota was restricted rare occurred most prominently warmer seasons, coincident elevated thermal regimes. Seasonal supports hypothesis host-specific, stable associations between sponges. Further, core symbiont revealed this study provide an empirical baseline for diagnosing abnormal communities. Considering have suffered recent, episodic mass mortalities related stresses, contributes development model sponge-microbe symbioses assessing link health.

Язык: Английский

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