The pivotal roles of gut microbiota in insect plant interactions for sustainable pest management

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2023

The gut microbiota serves as a critical "organ" in the life cycle of animals, particularly intricate interplay between herbivorous pests and plants. This review summarizes pivotal functions mediating insect-plant interactions, encompassing their influence on host insects, modulation plant physiology, regulation third trophic level species within ecological network. Given these significant functions, it is plausible to harness interactions underlying mechanisms develop novel eco-friendly pest control strategies. In this context, we also outline some emerging methods based intestinal or bacteria-mediated such symbiont-mediated RNAi paratransgenesis, albeit are still nascent stages confront numerous challenges. Overall, both opportunities challenges coexist exploration microbiota-mediated insect plants, which will not only enrich fundamental knowledge plant-insect but facilitate development sustainable

Язык: Английский

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Genomics of adaptation to host-plants in herbivorous insects

Briefings in Functional Genomics, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 14(6), С. 413 - 423

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2015

Herbivorous insects represent the most species-rich lineages of metazoans. The high rate diversification in herbivorous is thought to result from their specialization distinct host-plants, which creates conditions favorable for build-up reproductive isolation and speciation. These rely on constraints against optimal use a wide range plant species, as each must constitute viable food resource, oviposition site mating an insect. Utilization plants involves many essential traits insects, they locate select hosts, overcome defenses acquire nutrients while avoiding intoxication. Although advances understanding insect-plant molecular interactions have been limited by complexity insect involved host lack genomic resources functional tools, recent studies at level, combined with large-scale genomics population species levels, are revealing genetic underpinning adaptive divergence non-model herbivores. Here, we review adaptation hemipterans lepidopterans, two major orders, includes large number crop pests. We focus how post-genomics improved our mechanisms reviewing discoveries sensing, feeding, digesting detoxifying strategies. also present outcomes approaches aimed identifying loci potentially these insects.

Язык: Английский

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Insect life history and the evolution of bacterial mutualism

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 18(6), С. 516 - 525

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2015

Abstract Bacterial symbiosis has played a fundamental role in the evolution of eukaryotes. However, we still know little about how cooperative relationships with bacteria originate, and why they form some host species but not others. Facultative symbionts that are beneficial, essential, provide unique insights into these processes. We use data from over hundred aphid to test if life history is associated presence facultative symbionts. find have mutualistic associations ants protect them natural enemies less likely carry similar benefits. also one symbiont occurs more frequently unrelated specialise on certain plant genera. In addition, attack multiple plants often different complements. Our findings evidence ecological conditions facilitate stable, mutually beneficial between microbes eukaryotic hosts.

Язык: Английский

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Distinctive Genome Reduction Rates Revealed by Genomic Analyses of TwoCoxiella-Like Endosymbionts in Ticks

Genome Biology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 7(6), С. 1779 - 1796

Опубликована: Май 28, 2015

Genome reduction is a hallmark of symbiotic genomes, and the rate patterns gene loss associated with this process have been investigated in several different systems. However, long-term host-associated coevolving symbiont clades, genome size differences between strains are normally quite small hence large-scale can only be inferred from distant relatives. Here we present complete Coxiella -like Rhipicephalus turanicus ticks (CRt), compare it other genomes genus order to investigate consisting intracellular bacteria variable sizes. The 1.7-Mb CRt larger than most obligate mutualists but has very low protein-coding content (48.5%) an extremely high number identifiable pseudogenes, indicating that currently undergoing reduction. Analysis encoded functions suggests tick mutualist, as indicated by possible provisioning biotin (B7), riboflavin (B2) cofactors, genes involved host cell interactions, such secretion Comparative analyses 2.5 times smaller lone star Amblyomma americanum (CLEAA) show many same lost suggest large difference might due higher evolution CLEAA generated mismatch repair mutSL . Finally, sequence polymorphisms population sampled field collected reveal up one distinct strain variant per tick, mutational within selection acting on synonymous sites. extreme example caught act reduction, comparison indicates losses particular early potentially greatly influence speed process.

Язык: Английский

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Symbiotic bacteria enable olive fly larvae to overcome host defences

Royal Society Open Science, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 2(7), С. 150170 - 150170

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2015

Ripe fruit offer readily available nutrients for many animals, including fly larvae (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their associated rot-inducing bacteria. Yet, during most of ontogeny, remain chemically defended effectively suppress herbivores pathogens by high levels secondary metabolites. Olive flies ( Bactrocera oleae ) are uniquely able to develop in unripe olives. Unlike other frugivorous tephritids, the maintain bacteria confined within midgut caeca. We examined interaction between larvae, bacteria, chemical defence, hypothesizing that bacterial contribution larval development is contingent on phenology defensive chemistry. demonstrate require natural complement Candidatus Erwinia dacicola: Enterobacteriaceae) order Conversely, when feeding ripe fruit, proceeds independently these Our experiments suggest counteract inhibitory effect oleuropein—the principal phenolic glycoside In light results, we unique symbiosis olive flies, compared with understood considering relationship fly, When applied an evolutionary context, this approach may also point out forces which shaped symbioses across Tephritidae.

Язык: Английский

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