Nano-fertilizers: A sustainable technology for improving crop nutrition and food security

NanoImpact, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27, С. 100411 - 100411

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates

Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 377(6613), С. 1440 - 1444

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2022

Deadwood is a large global carbon store with its size partially determined by biotic decay. Microbial wood decay rates are known to respond changing temperature and precipitation. Termites also important decomposers in the tropics but less well studied. An understanding of their climate sensitivities needed estimate change effects on pools. Using data from 133 sites spanning six continents, we found that termite discovery consumption were highly sensitive (with increasing >6.8 times per 10°C increase temperature)-even more so than microbes. Termite greatest tropical seasonal forests, savannas, subtropical deserts. With tropicalization (i.e., warming shifts climates), will likely as termites access Earth's surface.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Trophic Level and Land Use on the Variation of Animal Antibiotic Resistome in the Soil Food Web

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 56(21), С. 14937 - 14947

Опубликована: Май 3, 2022

In recent years, it has been increasingly recognized that soil animals are hidden reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and play a vital role in spreading ARGs ecosystems. However, little is known about the variation among different food web effects trophic levels land uses on them. We characterized resistomes 495 animal samples collected from six regions across China, including two uses. A total 265 were detected all samples, relative abundances significantly higher than soils. addition, significant differences observed groups. Twelve common identified groups, accounting for 17.4% abundance. positive correlation was found between δ15N values (trophic level) abundance animals. The arable forest land. Changes antibiotics may indirectly affect resistome by altering ARGs. This study suggests risk through greater

Язык: Английский

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Global contribution of invertebrates to forest litter decomposition

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Forest litter decomposition is an essential component of global carbon and nutrient turnover. Invertebrates play important roles in decomposition, but the regional pattern their effects poorly understood. We examined 476 case studies across 93 sites performed a meta‐analysis to estimate invertebrates on forest decomposition. then assessed how invertebrate diversity, climate soil pH drive variations invertebrate‐mediated found that (1) contributions are 1.4 times higher tropical subtropical forests than elsewhere, with overall contribution 31% decomposition; (2) termite together warm, humid acidic environments tropics subtropics positively associated by invertebrates. Our results demonstrate significant difference mediating among regions. demonstrate, also, significance termites driving mass loss subtropics. These particularly pertinent where change human disturbance threaten biodiversity ecosystem services it provides.

Язык: Английский

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Meta-analysis reveals that vertebrates enhance plant litter decomposition at the global scale

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(3), С. 411 - 422

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Deadwood in the Carbon Cycle: Implications for Models, Forest Management, and Future Climates

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 55(1), С. 133 - 155

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2024

Deadwood represents a significant carbon pool and unique biodiversity reservoir in forests savannas but has been largely overlooked until recently. Storage release of from deadwood is controlled by interacting decomposition drivers including biotic consumers (animals microbes) abiotic factors (water, fire, sunlight, freeze–thaw). Although previous research focused mainly on forests, we synthesize studies across diverse ecosystems with woody vegetation. As changing climates land-use practices alter the landscape, expect accelerating variable rates inputs outputs pools. Currently, Earth system models implicitly represent only microbial as wood decomposition; show that many other influence Forest management increasingly recognize an important contributor to forest dynamics, biodiversity, budgets. Together, emerging knowledge modeling suggests growing need for additional contributions storage greenhouse gas emissions.

Язык: Английский

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Litter quality and stream physicochemical properties drive global invertebrate effects on instream litter decomposition

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 97(6), С. 2023 - 2038

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2022

ABSTRACT Plant litter is the major source of energy and nutrients in stream ecosystems its decomposition vital for ecosystem nutrient cycling functioning. Invertebrates are key contributors to instream decomposition, yet quantification their effects drivers at global scale remains lacking. Here, we systematically synthesized data comprising 2707 observations from 141 studies assess contribution invertebrates process across globe. We found that (1) presence enhanced globally by an average 74%; (2) initial quality water physicochemical properties were equal invertebrate on while not affected climatic region, mesh size coarse‐mesh bags or mycorrhizal association plants providing leaf litter; (3) was greatest during early stages mass loss (0–20%). Our results, besides quantitatively synthesizing pattern highlight most significant rather than middle late stages, support inclusion dynamic models streams explore mechanisms impacts terrestrial, aquatic, atmospheric carbon fluxes.

Язык: Английский

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Asymmetric responses of leaf litter decomposition to precipitation changes in global terrestrial ecosystem

Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 387, С. 135898 - 135898

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Climate dependence of the macrofaunal effect on litter decomposition—A global meta‐regression analysis

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 27(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2023

Litter decomposition by microorganisms and animals is influenced climate has been found to be higher in warm wet than cold dry biomes. We, however, hypothesized that the macrofaunal effect on should increase with temperature aridity since larger are more tolerant smaller organisms. This hypothesis was supported our global analysis of macrofauna exclusion studies. Macrofauna increased litter mass loss average 40%, twofold highest previous estimation decomposition. The strongest subtropical deserts where faunal had not considered important. Our results highlight need consider animal size when exploring dependence decomposition, disproportionately large role regulating drylands. new realization critical for understanding element cycling face warming aridification.

Язык: Английский

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Root-derived resources fuel earthworms predominantly via bacterial and plant energy channels – Insights from bulk and compound-specific isotope analyses

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 191, С. 109324 - 109324

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

Soil food webs rely on both brown and green energy, i.e., litter material root-derived resources such as exudates. Earthworms have traditionally been viewed macro-detritivores fuelled by energy playing a central role in nutrient cycling belowground flux. However, the of for earthworm nutrition remains controversial. We studied dietary contribution from different plant functional groups to earthworms using bulk compound-specific stable isotope analyses microcosm experiment with five species, grasses legumes monoculture mixture, an unplanted control preventing leaf entering microcosms. The presence plants consistently depleted 13C values species suggesting that carbon contributed each species. response 15N was less consistent, which is line assumption fuel soil mainly via carbon-based root These observations were corroborated essential amino acids most tissue incorporated bacterial- (∼60%) plant-derived (∼30%), enhancing incorporation resources. high proportion bacterial consistent relative dominance bacteria experimental suggests serve important link acquisition it open question whether feed directly bacteria, residues or nutritional supplementation gut microorganisms. Overall, our results show when are available, earthworms, macro-detritivores, also incorporate these being assimilated channel, pointing importance channelling ecosystems biomass.

Язык: Английский

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