The autophagy receptor NBR1 directs the clearance of photodamaged chloroplasts

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

The ubiquitin-binding NBR1 autophagy receptor plays a prominent role in recognizing ubiquitylated protein aggregates for vacuolar degradation by macroautophagy. Here, we show that upon exposing Arabidopsis plants to intense light, associates with photodamaged chloroplasts independently of ATG7, core component the canonical machinery. coats both surface and interior chloroplasts, which is then followed direct engulfment organelles into central vacuole via microautophagy-type process. relocalization does not require chloroplast translocon complexes embedded envelope but instead greatly enhanced removing self-oligomerization mPB1 domain NBR1. delivery NBR1-decorated vacuoles depends on UBA2 independent ubiquitin E3 ligases SP1 PUB4, known ubiquitylation proteins. Compared wild-type plants, nbr1 mutants have altered levels subset proteins display abnormal density sizes high light exposure. We postulate that, as lose integrity, cytosolic reach ubiquitylate thylakoid stroma are recognized autophagic clearance. This study uncovers new function damaged microautophagy.

Язык: Английский

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The roles of plant proteases and protease inhibitors in drought response: a review

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

Upon exposure to drought, plants undergo complex signal transduction events with concomitant changes in the expression of genes, proteins and metabolites. For example, proteomics studies continue identify multitudes drought-responsive diverse roles drought adaptation. Among these are protein degradation processes that activate enzymes signalling peptides, recycle nitrogen sources, maintain turnover homeostasis under stressful environments. Here, we review differential functional activities plant protease inhibitor stress, mainly focusing on comparative involving genotypes contrasting phenotypes. We further explore transgenic either overexpressing or repressing proteases their inhibitors conditions discuss potential transgenes response. Overall, highlights integral role during survival water deficits, irrespective genotypes’ level resilience. However, drought-sensitive exhibit higher proteolytic activities, while drought-tolerant tend protect from by expressing more inhibitors. In addition, biology implicate various other physiological functions stress. These include regulation stomatal closure, maintenance relative content, phytohormonal systems including abscisic acid (ABA) signalling, induction ABA-related stress all which essential for maintaining cellular deficits. Therefore, validation required limitation contributions towards

Язык: Английский

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Proteinogenic dipeptides, an emerging class of small-molecule regulators

Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 75, С. 102395 - 102395

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The lowdown on breakdown: Open questions in plant proteolysis

The Plant Cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(9), С. 2931 - 2975

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

Abstract Proteolysis, including post-translational proteolytic processing as well protein degradation and amino acid recycling, is an essential component of the growth development living organisms. In this article, experts in plant proteolysis pose discuss compelling open questions their areas research. Topics covered include role cell cycle, DNA damage response, mitochondrial function, generation N-terminal signals (degrons) that mark many proteins for (N-terminal acetylation, Arg/N-degron pathway, chloroplast N-degron pathway), developmental metabolic signaling (photomorphogenesis, abscisic strigolactone signaling, sugar metabolism, postharvest regulation), responses to environmental (endoplasmic-reticulum-associated degradation, chloroplast-associated drought tolerance, growth-defense trade-off), functional diversification peptidases. We hope these thought-provoking discussions help stimulate further

Язык: Английский

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Roadmap for the next decade of plant programmed cell death research

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 242(5), С. 1865 - 1875

Опубликована: Март 27, 2024

Summary Programmed cell death (PCD) is fundamentally important for plant development, abiotic stress responses and immunity, but our understanding of its regulation remains fragmented. Building a stronger research community required to accelerate progress in this area through knowledge exchange constructive debate. In Viewpoint, we aim initiate collective effort integrate data across diverse set experimental models facilitate characterisation the fundamental mechanisms underlying PCD ultimately aid development new classification system future. We also put forward vision next decade stemming from discussions held during 31 st New Phytologist workshop, ‘The Life Death Decisions Plant Cells’ that took place at University College Dublin Ireland (14–15 June 2023). convey key areas significant possible future directions identified, including resolving spatiotemporal control death, isolation molecular genetic regulators, harnessing technical advances studying events plants. Further, review breadth potential impacts highlight promising applications findings dynamically evolving field.

Язык: Английский

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Protein degrons and degradation: Exploring substrate recognition and pathway selection in plants

The Plant Cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(9), С. 3074 - 3098

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Proteome composition is dynamic and influenced by many internal external cues, including developmental signals, light availability, or environmental stresses. Protein degradation, in synergy with protein biosynthesis, allows cells to respond various stimuli adapt reshaping the proteome. degradation mediates final irreversible disassembly of proteins, which important for quality control eliminate misfolded damaged as well entire organelles. Consequently, it contributes cell resilience buffering against organellar damage caused Moreover, plays roles signaling, transcriptional translational events. The intricate task recognizing specific proteins achieved specialized systems that are tailored substrate's physicochemical properties subcellular localization. These recognize diverse substrate cues collectively referred "degrons," can assume a range configurations. They molecular surfaces recognized E3 ligases ubiquitin-proteasome system but also be considered general features other systems, autophagy even proteases. Here we provide an overview newest developments field, delving into processes recognition elucidating pathways through they recruited degradation.

Язык: Английский

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In planta expression of human polyQ-expanded huntingtin fragment reveals mechanisms to prevent disease-related protein aggregation

Nature Aging, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3(11), С. 1345 - 1357

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2023

In humans, aggregation of polyglutamine repeat (polyQ) proteins causes disorders such as Huntington's disease. Although plants express hundreds polyQ-containing proteins, no pathologies arising from polyQ have been reported. To investigate this phenomenon, we expressed an aggregation-prone fragment human huntingtin (HTT) with expanded stretch (Q69) in Arabidopsis thaliana plants. contrast to animal models, find that sp. suppresses Q69 through chloroplast proteostasis. Inhibition proteostasis diminishes the capacity prevent cytosolic aggregation. Moreover, endogenous also aggregate on dysfunction. We interacts stromal processing peptidase (SPP). Synthetic SPP prevents polyQ-expanded HTT cells. Likewise, ectopic expression Caenorhabditis elegans reduces neuronal Q67 and subsequent neurotoxicity. Our findings suggest synthetic plant SPP, hold therapeutic potential for other age-related diseases involving protein

Язык: Английский

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Intra-chloroplast proteases: A holistic network view of chloroplast proteolysis

The Plant Cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(9), С. 3116 - 3130

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024

Abstract Different proteases and peptidases are present within chloroplasts nonphotosynthetic plastids to process precursor proteins degrade cleaved chloroplast transit peptides damaged, misfolded, or otherwise unwanted proteins. Collectively, these form a proteolysis network, with complementary activities hierarchies, build-in redundancies. Furthermore, this network is distributed across the different intra-chloroplast compartments (lumen, thylakoid, stroma, envelope). The challenge determine contributions of each peptidase (system) in plastids. This will require an understanding substrate recognition mechanisms, degrons, substrate, product size limitations, as well capacity degradation kinetics protease. Multiple extra-plastidial pathways complement proteases. review summarizes our current Arabidopsis crop plants emphasis on considerations for building qualitative quantitative view.

Язык: Английский

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Selective sweep and GWAS provide insights into adaptive variation of <i>Populus cathayana</i> leaves

Forestry Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(1), С. 0 - 0

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Leaf morphology plays a crucial role in predicting the productivity and environmental adaptability of forest trees, making it essential to understand genetic mechanisms behind leaf variation. In natural populations Populus cathayana, exhibits rich intraspecific variation due long-term selection. However, there have been no studies that systematically reveal P. cathayana. To fill this gap enhance our understanding we collected nine traits from cathayana population, consisting 416 accessions, conducted preliminary classification types with four categories. Subsequently, an analysis selective sweep genome-wide association (GWAS) uncover basis Most displayed significant correlations, broad-sense trait heritability ranging 0.38 0.74. total, three methods ultimately identified 278 positively selected candidate regions 493 genes associated size. Single-trait multi-trait GWAS detected 13 59 genes, respectively. By integrating results GWAS, further total overlapping genes. These may play development process are closely particular, gene CBSCBSPB3 (Pca07G009100) located on chromosome 7, was response light stimulation. This study will deepen mechanism adaptive provide valuable resources.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advance on the physiological functions of proteases in chloroplast

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 151813 - 151813

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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