Salicylic acid (SA)-mediated plant immunity against biotic stresses: An insight on molecular components and signaling mechanism

Plant Stress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11, С. 100427 - 100427

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Since the beginning of 21st century, climate change has been pervasive. Such climatic instabilities not only trigger plants' adaptability and survivability in harsh environments, but also sustain spread a broad spectrum pathogens including bacteria, fungi, viruses, that create disease pressure by affecting plant health immune barrier. Salicylic acid (SA) is potent phytohormone signaling molecule plays pivotal roles physio-biochemical processes during development. In addition to its widely known role abiotic stress response, SA vital response biotic stresses through their pathways, molecular interactions, corresponding interactions with other phytohormones like jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic etc. this perspective, dictated plethora interacting genes, proteins, transcription factors (TFs). The genes genetic regulators (TFs regulatory proteins) are associated fine-tune activating systemic localized cascade, triggering for pathogenesis-related (PR) phytoalexins, etc., modulate pathogen effectors. way, boosts plant's system acquired resistance (SAR) induced (ISR). addition, gene editing epigenetic regulation SA-responsive valuable innovative tools understand decipher complex SA-involved mechanism future utilities make climate-adaptive plants resistance.

Язык: Английский

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The molecular dynamics between reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and phytohormones in plant’s response to biotic stress

Plant Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(11)

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The MdVQ37‐MdWRKY100 complex regulates salicylic acid content and MdRPM1 expression to modulate resistance to Glomerella leaf spot in apples

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(8), С. 2364 - 2376

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024

Summary Glomerella leaf spot (GLS), caused by the fungus Colletotrichum fructicola , is considered one of most destructive diseases affecting apples. The VQ‐WRKY complex plays a crucial role in response plants to biotic stresses. However, our understanding defensive on woody plants, particularly apples, under stress, remains limited. In this study, we elucidated molecular mechanisms underlying apple MdVQ37‐MdWRKY100 module GLS infection. overexpression MdWRKY100 enhanced resistance C . whereas RNA interference reduced salicylic acid (SA) content and expression level CC‐NBS‐LRR gene MdRPM1 DAP‐seq, Y1H, EMSA, RT‐qPCR assays indicated that inhibited MdWRKY17 positive regulatory factor SA degradation, upregulated MdPAL1 key enzyme biosynthesis, promoted directly binding their promotors. Transient silencing experiments showed positively regulated Furthermore, MdVQ37 increased susceptibility reducing Additionally, interacted with MdWRKY100, which repressed transcriptional activity MdWRKY100. summary, these results revealed mechanism through responds infection regulating expression, providing novel insights into involvement plant pathogen defence responses.

Язык: Английский

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Effectors and environment modulating rice blast disease: from understanding to effective control

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 32(10), С. 1007 - 1020

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The genetic orchestra of salicylic acid in plant resilience to climate change induced abiotic stress: critical review

Stress Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024

Abstract Climate change, driven by human activities and natural processes, has led to critical alterations in varying patterns during cropping seasons is a vital threat global food security. The climate change impose several abiotic stresses on crop production systems. These include extreme temperatures, drought, salinity, which expose agricultural fields more vulnerable conditions lead substantial yield quality losses. Plant hormones, especially salicylic acid (SA), crucial roles for plant resiliency under unfavorable environments. This review explores the genetics molecular mechanisms underlying SA's role mitigating stress-induced damage plants. It also SA biosynthesis pathways, highlights regulation of their products stresses. Various possible modes action are discussed, along with unraveling genetic genes involved responses stress conditions. Additionally, this investigates pathways through exerts its protective effects, such as redox signaling, cross-talks other mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Moreover, discusses potentials using engineering approaches, CRISPR technology, deciphering enhancing resilience related comprehensive analysis bridges gap between response stressors. Overall goal highlight significance safeguarding plants offering insights hormone sustainable agriculture challenging environmental

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Genetic Resistance in Rice Disease Management

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(3), С. 956 - 956

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a crucial staple crop for global food security, particularly in Asia. However, rice production faces significant challenges from various diseases that can cause substantial yield losses. This review explores the role of genetic resistance disease management, focusing on molecular mechanisms underlying plant–pathogen interactions and strategies developing resistant varieties. The paper discusses qualitative quantitative resistance, emphasizing importance (R) genes, defense-regulator trait loci (QTLs) conferring broad-spectrum resistance. Gene-for-gene relationships rice–pathogen are examined, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Magnaporthe oryzae. also covers recent advancements breeding techniques, including marker-assisted selection, engineering, genome editing technologies like CRISPR-Cas. These approaches offer promising avenues enhancing while maintaining potential. Understanding exploiting durable disease-resistant varieties, essential ensuring sustainable security face evolving pathogen threats changing environmental conditions.

Язык: Английский

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UGT74B5-Mediated Glucosylation at ortho Hydroxyl Groups of Benzoic Acid Derivatives Regulating Plant Immunity to Anthracnose in Tea Plants

Horticulture Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(4)

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Abstract Benzoates, particularly salicylic acid (SA) and its derivatives, play critical roles in plant immune responses basal defense through hydroxylation glycosylation. Anthracnose is one of the most common devastating diseases tea plants (Camellia sinensis). However, role SA derivatives immunity resistance to anthracnose remains largely unexplored. In present study, we identified characterized a glycosyltransferase, CsUGT74B5, which was significantly downregulated seedlings upon infection. CsUGT74B5 preferentially expressed mature leaves stem, responded rapidly exogenous treatment. Phylogenetic analysis suggested might possess catalytic activity toward benzoates. Enzymatic assays molecular docking demonstrated recombinant specifically glycosylated at ortho hydroxyl groups 2, 6-dihydroxybenzoic (2, 6-DHBA), but did not glycosylate 3-DHBA, 5-DHBA, or other substrates vitro. Overexpression Arabidopsis thaliana tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) reduced level while promoting accumulation 2-O-β-D-glucoside (SAG), further validating vivo function CsUGT74B5. Moreover, transient overexpression two cultivars increased their sensitivity accelerated lesion development, attributed decreased levels. Overall, our finding that CsUGT74B5-mediated biosynthesis SAG regulated against by fine-tuning free levels, providing new progress into response plants.

Язык: Английский

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The rational design of a Rhodamine fluorescent probe enables the selective detection and bioimaging of salicylic acid in plants under abiotic stress

Plant Biotechnology Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Summary Abiotic stress severely hinders plant growth and development, resulting in a considerable reduction crop yields. Salicylic acid (SA) serves as central signal mediating abiotic responses plants. Real‐time fluorescence tracking using specific probes can enhance our understanding of the SA‐triggered modulation underlying these events. However, complicated living microenvironments, selective recognition bioimaging SA is great challenge for scientists due to severe background interference analogues. Herein, an efficient probing technology employing highly rhodamine probe—phoxrodam was developed, which realizes precise salt‐stressed seedlings. Experimental findings reveal that phoxrodam demonstrates exceptional selectivity (fluorescence intensity: I Phoxrodam+SA / analogues > 4.29‐fold), high sensitivity (limit detection = 6.42 nM, quantum yield: Φ 0.36) good anti‐interference properties. Furthermore, we confirmed accurately detects roots wheat seedlings, low‐temperature resistance Nicotiana benthamiana heavy metal pea seeds, vivo confocal imaging. This study provides feasible strategy efficiently signalling molecules promotes in‐depth research SA‐mediated physiological mechanisms, laying key foundation future development new immune activation inducers.

Язык: Английский

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Cereal Crops in the Era of Climate Change: An Overview

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola effector Tal10a directly activates rice OsHXK5 expression to facilitate pathogenesis

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 119(5), С. 2423 - 2436

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2024

SUMMARY Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola ( Xoc ), is a major bacterial disease in rice. Transcription activator‐like effectors (TALEs) from can induce host susceptibility S ) genes and facilitate infection. However, knowledge of the function TALEs promoting virulence limited. In this study, we demonstrated importance Tal10a for full . Through computational prediction gene expression analysis, identified hexokinase OsHXK5 as target Tal10a. directly binds to promoter region activates CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated editing effector binding element (EBE) significantly increases rice resistance , while overexpression enhances plants impairs defense responses. Moreover, simultaneous promoters OsSULTR3;6 confers robust Taken together, our findings highlight role targeting promote infection suggest that represents potential engineering

Язык: Английский

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