Flavonols and Flavones as Potential anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Compounds

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2022, С. 1 - 21

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2022

Plant preparations have been used to treat various diseases and discussed for centuries. Research has advanced discover identify the plant components with beneficial effects reveal their underlying mechanisms. Flavonoids are phytoconstituents anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial properties. Herein, we listed contextualized aspects of protective flavonols quercetin, isoquercetin, kaempferol, myricetin flavones luteolin, apigenin, 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone, baicalein, scutellarein, lucenin-2, vicenin-2, diosmetin, nobiletin, tangeretin, 5-O-methyl-scutellarein. We presented structural characteristics subclasses, importance, occurrence, food sources. The bioactive compounds present in our diet, such as fruits vegetables, may affect health disease state. Therefore, role these inflammation, oxidative mechanisms, bacterial metabolism; moreover, synergism antibiotics better outcomes. Indiscriminate use allows emergence multidrug-resistant strains; thus, be adjuvant treatment infectious caused by resistant opportunistic bacteria via direct indirect also focused on reported mechanisms intracellular targets flavones, which support therapeutic inflammatory diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Polyphenols in Plants: Structure, Biosynthesis, Abiotic Stress Regulation, and Practical Applications (Review)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(18), С. 13874 - 13874

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2023

Phenolic compounds or polyphenols are among the most common of secondary metabolism in plants. Their biosynthesis is characteristic all plant cells and carried out with participation shikimate acetate-malonate pathways. In this case, various structures formed, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, oligomeric polymeric phenolic nature. number already exceeds 10,000. The diversity phenolics affects their biological activity functional role. Most representatives characterized by interaction reactive oxygen species, which manifests itself not only plants but also human body, where they enter through food chains. Having a high activity, successfully used medicines nutritional supplements for health population. accumulation depend on many factors, including physiological-biochemical, molecular-genetic, environmental factors. review, we present latest literature data structure classes compounds, antioxidant biosynthesis, molecular genetic aspects (genes transfactors). Since grow significant changes planet, response to action abiotic factors (light, UV radiation, temperature, heavy metals) at level composition these metabolites, well metabolic regulation, considered. Information given about important necessary components nutrition pharmaceutically valuable substances Proposals promising areas research development field presented.

Язык: Английский

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Bioactivity and Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol and Quercetin: New Insights for Plant and Human Health

Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(19), С. 2623 - 2623

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2022

Plant secondary metabolites, especially flavonoids, are major metabolites widely found in plants that play several key roles plant defence and signalling response to stress conditions. The most studied among these flavonoids kaempferol quercetin due their anti-oxidative potential the system, making them more critical for adaptation environments. Kaempferol have great therapeutic human health. Despite being well-studied, some of functional aspects regarding health need further evaluation. This review summarizes emerging terms antimicrobial activity, bioavailability bioactivity body as well regulation stresses a molecule hormonal modulation under We also evaluated safe use both pharmaceutical industry.

Язык: Английский

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Heavy Metals, Their Phytotoxicity, and the Role of Phenolic Antioxidants in Plant Stress Responses with Focus on Cadmium: Review

Molecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(9), С. 3921 - 3921

Опубликована: Май 6, 2023

The current state of heavy metal (HM) environmental pollution problems was considered in the review: effects HMs on vital activity plants and functioning their antioxidant system, including phenolic antioxidants. latter performs an important function distribution binding metals, as well HM detoxification plant organism. Much attention focused cadmium (Cd) ions one most toxic elements for plants. data accumulation HMs, Cd soil, entry into plants, effect various physiological biochemical processes (photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, water regime) were analyzed. Some aspects Cd, inactivation tissues, cell compartments, are considered, metabolic pathways at stage stress reaction cells under action pollutants. system low molecular weight bioantioxidants, role ligand inactivators summarized. issues polyphenol biosynthesis regulation considered. Understanding antioxidants nature metal-induced is assessing effect/aftereffect objects-the producers these secondary metabolites widely used health saving world's population. This review reflects latest achievements field studying influence organism enriches our knowledge about multifunctional polyphenols, common metabolites, formation resistance adaptation.

Язык: Английский

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The Classification, Molecular Structure and Biological Biosynthesis of Flavonoids, and Their Roles in Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Molecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(8), С. 3599 - 3599

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

With the climate constantly changing, plants suffer more frequently from various abiotic and biotic stresses. However, they have evolved biosynthetic machinery to survive in stressful environmental conditions. Flavonoids are involved a variety of biological activities plants, which can protect different (plant-parasitic nematodes, fungi bacteria) stresses (salt stress, drought UV, higher lower temperatures). contain several subgroups, including anthocyanidins, flavonols, flavones, flavanols, flavanones, chalcones, dihydrochalcones dihydroflavonols, widely distributed plants. As pathway flavonoid biosynthesis has been well studied, many researchers applied transgenic technologies order explore molecular mechanism genes associated with biosynthesis; as such, shown stress tolerance through regulation content. In present review, classification, structure flavonoids were summarized, roles under forms also included. addition, effect applying on enhancement plant was discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Flavonols modulate plant development, signaling, and stress responses

Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 72, С. 102350 - 102350

Опубликована: Март 2, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Interactive effects of changes in UV radiation and climate on terrestrial ecosystems, biogeochemical cycles, and feedbacks to the climate system

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(5), С. 1049 - 1091

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023

Terrestrial organisms and ecosystems are being exposed to new rapidly changing combinations of solar UV radiation other environmental factors because ongoing changes in stratospheric ozone climate. In this Quadrennial Assessment, we examine the interactive effects ozone, climate on terrestrial biogeochemical cycles context Montreal Protocol. We specifically assess organisms, agriculture food supply, biodiversity, ecosystem services feedbacks system. Emphasis is placed role extreme events altering exposure potential biodiversity. also address responses plants increased temporal variability radiation, change (e.g. drought, temperature) crops, driving breakdown organic matter from dead plant material (i.e. litter) biocides (pesticides herbicides). Our assessment indicates that interact various ways affect structure function ecosystems, by protecting layer, Protocol continues play a vital maintaining healthy, diverse land sustain life Earth. Furthermore, its Kigali Amendment mitigating some negative consequences limiting emissions greenhouse gases carbon sequestration vegetation pool.

Язык: Английский

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WRKY33 negatively regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and cooperates with PHR1 to mediate acclimation to phosphate starvation

Plant Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(5), С. 100821 - 100821

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2024

Anthocyanin accumulation is acknowledged as a phenotypic indicator under phosphate (Pi) starvation. However, the negative regulator of this process and molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In study, our results revealed WRKY33 acts phosphorus-status-dependent anthocyanin biosynthesis. regulates expression dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), rate-limiting enzyme in production, direct indirect manner. directly binds to DFR promoter repress its or interacts with PAP1 by interfering MBW complex influence transcriptional activation indirectly. -Pi conditions, PHR1 interacted WRKY33, protein level decreased, thereby repression on attenuated, leading Arabidopsis. Further genetic biochemical assays suggest that also involved regulating factors impact turnover. Taken together, findings reveal Pi starvation represses repressor biosynthesis, finely tune This 'double-negative logic' regulation biosynthesis required for plants maintain metabolic homeostasis adaption

Язык: Английский

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Accumulation characteristics of plant flavonoids and effects of cultivation measures on their biosynthesis: A review

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 215, С. 108960 - 108960

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in high light – what is the initial signal?

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 236(6), С. 2037 - 2043

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2022

Due to their sessile nature, plants cannot escape adverse environmental conditions and evolved mechanisms cope with sudden changes. The reaction variations in abiotic factors, also summarized as acclimation response, affects all layers of cellular functions involves rapid modification enzymatic activities, the metabolome, proteome transcriptome on different timescales. One trait acclimating high light (HL) is transcriptional activation flavonoid biosynthesis (FB) pathway resulting accumulation photoprotective antioxidative flavonoids, such flavonols anthocyanins, leaf tissue. Although enormous progress has been made identifying enzymes regulators FB by forward reverse genetic approaches past, signals signalling pathways permitting conditional HL are still debated. With this Tansley Insight, we summarize current knowledge proposed downstream factors involved regulating will discuss contribution to, particularly, HL-induced anthocyanins.

Язык: Английский

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