Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2020
Abstract
High
numbers
of
threatened
species
might
be
expected
to
occur
where
overall
richness
is
also
high;
however,
this
explains
only
a
proportion
the
global
variation
in
richness.
Understanding
why
many
areas
have
more
or
fewer
than
would
given
their
richness,
and
whether
that
consistent
across
taxa,
essential
for
identifying
conservation
priorities.
Here,
we
show
that,
after
controlling
environmental
factors,
such
as
temperature
insularity,
are
typically
important
human
impacts
explaining
spatial
Human
impacts,
nevertheless,
an
role,
with
relationships
varying
between
vertebrate
groups
zoogeographic
regions.
provides
framework
establishing
priorities,
those
regions
inherently
vulnerable
effects
threatening
processes,
forecasting
how
distributed
changing
world.
Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
371(6531), С. 835 - 838
Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2021
No
waters
left
untouched
We
are
increasingly
aware
of
human
impacts
on
biodiversity
across
our
planet,
especially
in
terrestrial
and
marine
systems.
know
less
about
fresh
waters,
including
large
rivers.
Su
et
al.
looked
such
systems
globally,
focusing
several
key
measures
fish
biodiversity.
They
found
that
half
all
river
have
been
heavily
affected
by
activities,
with
only
very
tropical
basins
receiving
the
lowest
levels
change.
Fragmentation
non-native
species
also
led
to
homogenization
rivers,
many
now
containing
similar
fewer
specialized
lineages.
Science
,
this
issue
p.
835
Habitat
loss
and
fragmentation
due
to
human
activities
is
the
leading
cause
of
biodiversity
ecosystem
services.
Protected
areas
are
primary
response
this
challenge
cornerstone
conservation
efforts.
Roughly
15%
land
currently
protected
although
there
momentum
dramatically
raise
area
targets
towards
50%.
But,
how
much
remains
in
a
natural
state?
We
answer
critical
question
by
using
open-access,
frequently
updated
data
sets
on
terrestrial
impacts
create
new
categorical
map
global
influence
('Low
Impact
Areas')
at
1
km2
resolution.
found
that
56%
surface,
minus
permanent
ice
snow,
has
low
impact.
This
suggests
increased
could
be
met
minimally
impacted
people,
substantial
variation
across
ecoregions
biomes.
While
habitat
well
documented,
differences
rates
between
biomes
received
little
attention.
Low
Areas
uniquely
enabled
us
calculate
biomes,
we
compared
these
an
idealized
globe
with
no
human-caused
fragmentation.
The
heavily
fragmented,
compromised
reduced
patch
size
core
area,
exposed
edge
effects.
Tropical
dry
forests
temperate
grasslands
world's
most
demonstrate
when
considered
addition
loss,
species,
ecosystems
associated
services
worse
condition
than
previously
reported.
Science,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
376(6597), С. 1094 - 1101
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2022
Ambitious
conservation
efforts
are
needed
to
stop
the
global
biodiversity
crisis.
In
this
study,
we
estimate
minimum
land
area
secure
important
areas,
ecologically
intact
and
optimal
locations
for
representation
of
species
ranges
ecoregions.
We
discover
that
at
least
64
million
square
kilometers
(44%
terrestrial
area)
would
require
attention
(ranging
from
protected
areas
land-use
policies)
meet
goal.
More
than
1.8
billion
people
live
on
these
lands,
so
responses
promote
autonomy,
self-determination,
equity,
sustainable
management
safeguarding
essential.
Spatially
explicit
scenarios
suggest
1.3
is
risk
being
converted
intensive
human
uses
by
2030,
which
requires
immediate
attention.
However,
a
sevenfold
difference
exists
between
amount
habitat
in
optimistic
pessimistic
scenarios,
highlighting
an
opportunity
avert
Appropriate
targets
Post-2020
Global
Biodiversity
Framework
encourage
identified
contribute
substantially
biodiversity.
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
8
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2021
Substantial
efforts
and
investments
are
being
made
to
increase
the
scale
improve
effectiveness
of
marine
conservation
globally.
Though
it
is
mandated
by
international
law
central
policy,
less
attention
has
been
given
how
operationalize
social
equity
in
through
pursuit
conservation.
In
this
article,
we
aim
bring
greater
topic
reviewing
can
be
better
integrated
policy
practice.
Advancing
requires
directing
to:
recognition
acknowledgment
respect
for
diverse
peoples
perspectives;
fair
distribution
impacts
maximizing
benefits
minimizing
burdens;
procedures
fostering
participation
decision-making
good
governance;
management
championing
supporting
local
involvement
leadership;
environment
ensuring
efficacy
actions
adequacy
ensure
nature
people;
structural
barriers
institutional
roots
inequity
We
then
discuss
role
various
organizations
advancing
identify
capacities
these
need
build.
urge
community,
including
governments,
non-governmental
donors,
commit
socially
equitable
Biodiversity and Conservation,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
31(2), С. 325 - 352
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2021
Abstract
Area-based
conservation
is
essential
to
safeguard
nature’s
diversity.
In
view
of
expanding
human
land
use,
increasing
climate
change
and
unmet
targets,
area-based
requires
efficiency
effectiveness
more
than
ever.
this
review,
I
identify
relate
pressing
challenges
promising
opportunities
for
effective
efficient
protected
area
governance
management,
enhance
research,
decision-making
capacity
building
in
under
uncertain
future
developments.
reveal
that
management
particularly
challenged
by
change,
invasive
species,
social,
political
economic
limitations.
Protected
often
lacks
the
continuous
availability
data
on
current
states
trends
nature
threats.
Biocultural
conservation,
climate-smart
biosecurity
approaches
help
overcome
induced
needs,
respectively.
Economic
valuation
shifts
funding
priorities
can
boost
efficiency.
In-situ
monitoring
techniques,
remote
sensing
open
infrastructures
fill
information
gaps
planning
management.
Moreover,
adaptive
an
auspicious
concept
framework
systematic
ensure
enduring
areas
despite
unpredictable
Post-2020
international
biodiversity
sustainable
development
goals
could
be
met
earlier
if
were
effective.
consequently
conclude
with
need
a
global
system
support
synthesizing
at
local
level.
