Micromachines,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13(3), С. 481 - 481
Опубликована: Март 20, 2022
Microrobots
can
operate
in
tiny
areas
that
traditional
bulk
robots
cannot
reach.
The
combination
of
acoustic
actuation
with
microrobots
extensively
expands
the
application
due
to
their
desirable
miniaturization,
flexibility,
and
biocompatibility
features.
Herein,
an
overview
research
development
acoustics-actuated
is
provided.
We
first
introduce
currently
established
manufacturing
methods
(3D
printing
photolithography).
Then,
according
different
working
principles,
we
divide
into
three
categories
including
bubble
propulsion,
sharp-edge
in-situ
microrotor.
Next,
summarize
applications
from
targeted
drug
delivery
microfluidics
operation
microsurgery.
Finally,
illustrate
current
challenges
future
perspectives
guide
this
field.
This
work
not
only
gives
a
comprehensive
latest
technology
microrobots,
but
also
provides
in-depth
understanding
for
inspiring
next
generation
advanced
robotic
devices.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
121(8), С. 4999 - 5041
Опубликована: Март 31, 2021
Manipulation
and
navigation
of
micro
nanoswimmers
in
different
fluid
environments
can
be
achieved
by
chemicals,
external
fields,
or
even
motile
cells.
Many
researchers
have
selected
magnetic
fields
as
the
active
actuation
source
based
on
advantageous
features
this
strategy
such
remote
spatiotemporal
control,
fuel-free,
high
degree
reconfigurability,
programmability,
recyclability,
versatility.
This
review
introduces
fundamental
concepts
advantages
micro/nanorobots
(termed
here
"MagRobots")
well
basic
knowledge
materials,
setups
for
manipulation,
field
configurations,
symmetry-breaking
strategies
effective
movement.
These
are
discussed
to
describe
interactions
between
fields.
Actuation
mechanisms
flagella-inspired
MagRobots
(i.e.,
corkscrew-like
motion
traveling-wave
locomotion/ciliary
stroke
motion)
surface
walkers
surface-assisted
motion),
applications
other
propulsion
approaches,
stimulation
beyond
provided
followed
fabrication
techniques
(quasi-)spherical,
helical,
flexible,
wire-like,
biohybrid
MagRobots.
Applications
targeted
drug/gene
delivery,
cell
minimally
invasive
surgery,
biopsy,
biofilm
disruption/eradication,
imaging-guided
delivery/therapy/surgery,
pollution
removal
environmental
remediation,
(bio)sensing
also
reviewed.
Finally,
current
challenges
future
perspectives
development
magnetically
powered
miniaturized
motors
discussed.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
122(5), С. 5317 - 5364
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022
In
conventional
classification,
soft
robots
feature
mechanical
compliance
as
the
main
distinguishing
factor
from
traditional
made
of
rigid
materials.
Recent
advances
in
functional
materials
have
facilitated
emergence
a
new
class
capable
tether-free
actuation
response
to
external
stimuli
such
heat,
light,
solvent,
or
electric
magnetic
field.
Among
various
types
stimuli-responsive
materials,
shown
remarkable
progress
their
design
and
fabrication,
leading
development
with
unique
advantages
potential
for
many
important
applications.
However,
field
is
still
its
infancy
requires
further
advancements
terms
principles,
fabrication
methods,
control
mechanisms,
sensing
modalities.
Successful
future
would
require
comprehensive
understanding
fundamental
principle
actuation,
well
physical
properties
behavior
this
review,
we
discuss
recent
modeling
simulation,
robots.
We
then
give
set
guidelines
optimal
performance
Lastly,
summarize
biomedical
applications
provide
our
perspectives
on
next-generation
Advances
in
medical
robots
promise
to
improve
modern
medicine
and
the
quality
of
life.
Miniaturization
these
robotic
platforms
has
led
numerous
applications
that
leverages
precision
medicine.
In
this
review,
current
trends
micro
nanorobotics
for
therapy,
surgery,
diagnosis,
imaging
are
discussed.
The
use
nanorobots
still
faces
technical,
regulatory,
market
challenges
their
widespread
clinical
settings.
Nevertheless,
recent
translations
from
proof
concept
vivo
studies
demonstrate
potential
toward
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
122(5), С. 5365 - 5403
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2021
Over
the
past
15
years,
field
of
microrobotics
has
exploded
with
many
research
groups
from
around
globe
contributing
to
numerous
innovations
that
have
led
exciting
new
capabilities
and
important
applications,
ranging
in
vivo
drug
delivery,
intracellular
biosensing,
environmental
remediation,
nanoscale
fabrication.
Smart
responsive
materials
had
a
profound
impact
on
imparted
small-scale
robots
functionalities
distinct
capabilities.
We
identified
four
large
categories
where
majority
future
efforts
must
be
allocated
push
frontiers
microrobots
smart
can
major
such
advances.
These
areas
are
propulsion
biocompatibility
microrobots,
cooperation
between
individual
units
human
operators,
finally,
intelligence
microrobots.
In
this
Review,
we
look
critically
at
latest
developments
these
discuss
how
contribute
progress
will
set
stage
for
next
generation
intelligent
programmable
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
34(52)
Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2022
Cancer
is
one
of
the
most
intractable
diseases
owing
to
its
high
mortality
rate
and
lack
effective
diagnostic
treatment
tools.
Advancements
in
micro-/nanorobot
(MNR)-assisted
sensing,
imaging,
therapeutics
offer
unprecedented
opportunities
develop
MNR-based
cancer
theragnostic
platforms.
Unlike
ordinary
nanoparticles,
which
exhibit
Brownian
motion
biofluids,
MNRs
overcome
viscous
resistance
an
ultralow
Reynolds
number
(Re
<<
1)
environment
by
self-propulsion.
This
unique
locomotion
property
has
motivated
advanced
design
functionalization
as
a
basis
for
next-generation
cancer-therapy
platforms,
potential
precise
distribution
improved
permeation
therapeutic
agents.
Enhanced
barrier
penetration,
imaging-guided
operation,
biosensing
are
additionally
studied
enable
promising
cancer-related
applications
MNRs.
Herein,
recent
advances
therapy
comprehensively
addresses,
including
actuation
engines,
diagnostics,
medical
targeted
drug
delivery;
research
that
can
have
profound
impact
on
over
next
decade
highlighted.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
123(7), С. 3944 - 3975
Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2022
Micro-/nanorobots
(MNRs)
can
be
autonomously
propelled
on
demand
in
complex
biological
environments
and
thus
may
bring
revolutionary
changes
to
biomedicines.
Fluorescence
has
been
widely
used
real-time
imaging,
chemo-/biosensing,
photo-(chemo-)
therapy.
The
integration
of
MNRs
with
fluorescence
generates
fluorescent
unique
advantages
optical
trackability,
on-the-fly
environmental
sensitivity,
targeting
chemo-/photon-induced
cytotoxicity.
This
review
provides
an
up-to-date
overview
MNRs.
After
the
highlighted
elucidation
about
various
propulsion
mechanisms
introductory
information
emphasis
materials,
we
systematically
illustrate
design
preparation
strategies
integrate
substances
their
biomedical
applications
imaging-guided
drug
delivery,
intelligent
sensing
In
end,
summarize
main
challenges
provide
outlook
future
directions
work
is
expected
attract
inspire
researchers
from
different
communities
advance
creation
practical
application
a
broad
horizon.
Proceedings of the IEEE,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
110(7), С. 1028 - 1037
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2022
The
use
of
magnetic
fields
and
field
gradients
to
move
material
devices
within
the
human
body
has
a
surprisingly
long
history.
Over
past
two
decades,
there
been
renewed
interest
in
this
area
with
growth
medical
microrobots.
In
article,
we
focus
on
state-of-the-art
future
directions
for
magnetically
actuated
robots
from
an
in
vivo
perspective.
We
initially
review
history
relevant
physics
followed
by
discussion
limited
research
efforts
that
investigate
guided
devices.
Our
is
tethered
probes,
untethered
(microrobots
nanorobots),
navigation
systems
have
or
could
be
utilized
provide
increased
control
safety
physician
patient.
Microorganisms
become
new
sources
for
fabricating
intricate
micro/nano
structures
via
bottom‐up
approaches.
Produced
from
nature,
microorganism
biotemplates
exhibit
unique
structural
and
material
features
over
thousands
of
years
revolution.
They
are
considerably
superior
cost‐effective
complex
heterogeneous
when
compared
to
other
micro/nanofabrication
techniques.
Herein,
the
recent
advances
in
biologically
driven
micro/nanofabrication,
assembly,
actuation
based
on
microorganisms
consolidated.
Detailed
development
micro/nanoparticle
fabrication,
their
ordered
controlled
properties,
as
well
certain
typical
engineering
application
examples,
mainly
involved.
The
developing
perspectives
challenges
microorganism‐based
also
discussed,
aiming
inspire
relevant
researches
promote
this
field.
