Generating homozygous mutant populations of barley microspores by ethyl methanesulfonate treatment DOI Creative Commons

Linli Huang,

Guangqi Gao, Congcong Jiang

и другие.

aBIOTECH, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(3), С. 202 - 212

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2023

Abstract Induced mutations are important for genetic research and breeding. Mutations induced by physical or chemical mutagenesis usually heterozygous during the early generations. However, must be fixed prior to phenotyping field trials, which requires additional rounds of self-pollination. Microspore culture is an effective method produce double-haploid (DH) plants that homozygotes. In this study, we conducted ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced microspore cultures barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) cultivar ‘Hua30’ landrace ‘HTX’. The EMS concentrations were negatively correlated with efficiency callus induction frequency mutant plant regeneration. two genotypes showed different regeneration efficiencies. phenotypic variation regenerated M 1 presence genome-wide nucleotide mutations, revealed whole-genome sequencing, highlight utility EMS-induced isolated developing DH mutants. Genome-wide analysis mutation in a considerable proportion resulted from (somaclonal variation) rather than mutagenesis. addition producing population 1972 homozygous lines available future study lays foundation optimizing richness (mainly fine-tuning mutagen dosage).

Язык: Английский

Perspectives on improving photosynthesis to increase crop yield DOI Creative Commons
Roberta Croce, Elizabete Carmo‐Silva, Young B. Cho

и другие.

The Plant Cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(10), С. 3944 - 3973

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Abstract Improving photosynthesis, the fundamental process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, is a key area of research with great potential for enhancing sustainable agricultural productivity and addressing global food security challenges. This perspective delves latest advancements approaches aimed at optimizing photosynthetic efficiency. Our discussion encompasses entire process, beginning harvesting its regulation progressing through bottleneck electron transfer. We then delve carbon reactions focusing on strategies targeting enzymes Calvin–Benson–Bassham (CBB) cycle. Additionally, we explore methods to increase dioxide (CO2) concentration near Rubisco, enzyme responsible first step CBB cycle, drawing inspiration from various organisms, conclude this section examining ways enhance CO2 delivery leaves. Moving beyond individual processes, discuss two identifying targets photosynthesis improvement: systems modeling study natural variation. Finally, revisit some mentioned above provide holistic view improvements, analyzing their impact nitrogen use efficiency canopy photosynthesis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

62
A barley pan-transcriptome reveals layers of genotype-dependent transcriptional complexity DOI Creative Commons
Wenbin Guo, Miriam Schreiber, Vanda Marosi

и другие.

Nature Genetics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Abstract A pan-transcriptome describes the transcriptional and post-transcriptional consequences of genome diversity from multiple individuals within a species. We developed barley using 20 inbred genotypes representing domesticated by generating analyzing short- long-read RNA-sequencing datasets tissues. To overcome single reference bias in transcript quantification, we constructed genotype-specific (RTDs) integrated these into linear pan-genome framework to create pan-RTD, allowing categorization as core, shell or cloud. Focusing on core (expressed all genotypes), observed significant abundance variation among tissues between driven partly RNA processing, gene copy number, structural rearrangements conservation promotor motifs. Network analyses revealed conserved co-expression module::tissue correlations frequent functional diversification. complement pan-transcriptome, comprehensive cultivar (cv.) Morex gene-expression atlas illustrate how combined can be used guide biological inquiry.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
Discussion: Prioritize perennial grain development for sustainable food production and environmental benefits DOI
Lee R. DeHaan, James A. Anderson, Prabin Bajgain

и другие.

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 895, С. 164975 - 164975

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

25
Structural variation in the pangenome of wild and domesticated barley DOI Creative Commons
Murukarthick Jayakodi, Qiongxian Lu, Hélène Pidon

и другие.

Nature, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 636(8043), С. 654 - 662

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2024

Pangenomes are collections of annotated genome sequences multiple individuals a species

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

10
Amino acid substrate specificities and tissue expression profiles of the nine CYP79A encoding genes in Sorghum bicolor DOI Creative Commons

Donka Teneva Koleva,

Mengqi Liu, Barbara Dušak

и другие.

Physiologia Plantarum, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 177(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Cytochrome P450s of the CYP79 family catalyze two N‐hydroxylation reactions, converting a selected number amino acids into corresponding oximes. The sorghum genome ( Sorghum bicolor ) harbours nine CYP79A encoding genes, and here sequence comparisons CYP79As along with their substrate recognition sites (SRSs) are provided. specificity previously uncharacterized was investigated by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana subsequent transformation oximes formed stable oxime glucosides catalyzed endogenous UDPG‐glucosyltransferases (UGTs). CYP79A61 uses phenylalanine as substrate, whereas CYP79A91, CYP79A93, CYP79A95 use valine isoleucine substrates, CYP79A93 showing ability also to phenylalanine. CYP79A94 substrate. Analysis 249 transcriptomes from different cultivars showed levels tissue‐specific s. CYP79A1 is committed gene dhurrin formation highest expressed most tissues/organs. primarily fully developed leaf blades sheaths. CYP79A91 CYP79A92 were mainly roots >200 cm below ground, while highly collar sheath, respectively. possible signalling effects metabolites produced tissues discussed.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
A guide to barley mutants DOI Creative Commons
Mats Hansson, Helmy M. Youssef, Shakhira Zakhrabekova

и другие.

Hereditas, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 161(1)

Опубликована: Март 8, 2024

Abstract Background Mutants have had a fundamental impact upon scientific and applied genetics. They paved the way for molecular genomic era, most of today’s crop plants are derived from breeding programs involving mutagenic treatments. Results Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) is one widely grown cereals in world has long history as plant. started more than 100 years ago large collected generated wide range natural induced mutants, which often were deposited genebanks around world. In recent years, an increased interest genetic diversity brought many historic mutants into focus because collections regarded valuable resources understanding control barley biology breeding. The been fueled also by advances research, provided new tools possibilities to analyze reveal mutant collections. Conclusion Since detailed knowledge about phenotypic characters key success studies, we here provide comprehensive description mostly morphological mutants. review closely linked International Database Genes Genetic Stocks bgs.nordgen.org ) where further details additional images each described this can be found.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
Adaptive diversification through structural variation in barley DOI Creative Commons
Murukarthick Jayakodi, Qiongxian Lu, Hélène Pidon

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2024

Pangenomes are collections of annotated genome sequences multiple individuals a species. The structural variants uncovered by these datasets major asset to genetic analysis in crop plants. Here, we report pangenome barley comprising long-read sequence assemblies 76 wild and domesticated genomes short-read data 1,315 genotypes. An expanded catalogue variation the includes structurally complex loci that have become hot spots gene copy number evolutionarily recent times. To demonstrate utility pangenome, focus on four involved disease resistance, plant architecture, nutrient release, trichome development. Novel allelic at powdery mildew resistance locus population-specific gains regulator vegetative branching were found. Expansion family starch-cleaving enzymes elite malting barleys was linked shifts enzymatic activity micro-malting trials. Deletion an enhancer motif is likely change developmental trajectory hairy appendages grains. Our findings indicate rapid evolution may helped plants adapt new selective regimes agricultural ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
The causal mutation leading to sweetness in modern white lupin cultivars DOI Creative Commons
Davide Mancinotti, Katarzyna Czepiel,

Jemma Taylor

и другие.

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(31)

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2023

Lupins are high-protein crops that rapidly gaining interest as hardy alternatives to soybean; however, they accumulate antinutritional alkaloids of the quinolizidine type (QAs). Lupin domestication was enabled by discovery genetic loci conferring low QA levels (sweetness), but precise identity underlying genes remains uncertain. We show pauper , most common sweet locus in white lupin, encodes an acetyltransferase (AT) unexpectedly involved early pathway. In plants, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) strongly impairs AT activity, causing pathway blockage. corroborate our hypothesis replicating chemotype narrow-leafed lupin via mutagenesis. Our work adds new dimension biosynthesis and establishes gene for first time, thus facilitating breeding enabling other QA-containing legumes.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Adapting enzymes to improve their functionality in plants: why and how DOI Creative Commons
Edmar R. Oliveira-Filho, Cătălin Voiniciuc, Andrew D. Hanson

и другие.

Biochemical Society Transactions, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 51(5), С. 1957 - 1966

Опубликована: Окт. 3, 2023

Synthetic biology creates new metabolic processes and improves existing ones using engineered or natural enzymes. These enzymes are often sourced from cells that differ those in the target plant organ with respect to, e.g. redox potential, effector levels, proteostasis machinery. Non-native may thus need to be adapted work well their context (‘plantized’) even if specificity kinetics vitro adequate. Hence there two distinct ways which an enzyme destined for use plants can require improvement: In catalytic properties such as substrate product specificity, kcat, KM; general compatibility milieu of express enzyme. Continuous directed evolution systems deliver both types improvement so far most broadly effective way second type. Accordingly, this review we provide a short account continuous methods, emphasizing yeast OrthoRep system because its suitability applications. We then cover down-to-earth increasingly urgent issues — cannot improved theory, practice best crop improvement, i.e. realistically improvable important enough warrant deploying evolution. take horticultural crops examples opportunities they present sharpen focus.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Disentangling hydroxynitrile glucoside biosynthesis in a barley (Hordeum vulgare) metabolon provides access to elite malting barleys for ethyl carbamate‐free whisky production DOI Creative Commons
Morten Egevang Jørgensen, Kelly Houston, Hans Jørgen Lyngs Jørgensen

и другие.

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 119(1), С. 364 - 382

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024

SUMMARY Barley produces several specialized metabolites, including five α‐, β‐, and γ‐hydroxynitrile glucosides (HNGs). In malting barley, presence of the α‐HNG epiheterodendrin gives rise to undesired formation ethyl carbamate in beverage production, especially after distilling. Metabolite‐GWAS identified QTLs underlying gene candidates possibly involved control relative absolute content HNGs, an undescribed MATE transporter. By screening 325 genetically diverse barley accessions, we discovered three H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum (wild barley) lines with drastic changes ratios HNGs. Knock‐out (KO)‐lines, isolated from FIND‐IT resource each lacking one functional HNG biosynthetic genes ( CYP79A12 , CYP71C103 CYP71C113 CYP71U5 UGT85F22 UGT85F23 ) showed unprecedented enabling assignment specific mutually dependent catalytic functions enzymes involved. The highly similar between HNGs found across wild domesticated accessions indicate assembly a metabolon, output which was reconfigured absence single protein component. or altered KO‐lines did not change susceptibility fungal phytopathogen Pyrenophora teres causing net blotch. study provides deeper understanding organization biosynthesis identifies novel, HNG‐0 line elite spring background for direct use breeding eliminating as source whisky production.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4