Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(3), С. 304 - 313
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2024
Modafinil
is
primarily
used
to
treat
narcolepsy
but
also
as
an
off-label
cognitive
enhancer.
Functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
studies
indicate
that
modafinil
modulates
the
connectivity
of
neocortical
networks
involved
in
attention
and
executive
functions.
However,
much
less
known
about
drug's
effects
on
subcortical
structures.
Following
preliminary
findings,
we
evaluated
modafinil's
activity
distinct
cerebellar
regions
with
neocortex.
We
assessed
spatial
relationship
these
expression
neurotransmitter
receptors/transporters.
Patterns
resting-state
functional
were
estimated
50
participants
from
scans
acquired
pre-
postadministration
a
single
(100
mg)
dose
(n
=
25)
or
placebo
25).
Using
specific
seeds
for
voxelwise
analyses,
examined
modulation
cerebellar-neocortical
connectivity.
Next,
conducted
quantitative
evaluation
overlap
between
receptors/transporters
obtained
by
publicly
available
databases.
increased
crus
I
vermis
IX
prefrontal
regions.
Crus
changes
associated
dopaminergic
D2
receptors.
The
I-II
showed
enhanced
coupling
dorsal
anterior
cingulate
cortex
matched
histaminergic
H3
VII-VIII
displayed
visual
cortex,
neurotransmission.
Our
study
reveals
modulatory
mainly
involves
spatially
overlaps
distribution
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
150, С. 105193 - 105193
Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2023
The
human
brain
exhibits
complex
interactions
across
micro,
meso-,
and
macro-scale
organisational
principles.
Recent
synergistic
multi-modal
approaches
have
begun
to
link
micro-scale
information
systems
level
dynamics,
transcending
hierarchies
offering
novel
perspectives
into
the
brain's
function
dysfunction.
Specifically,
distribution
of
properties
(such
as
receptor
density
or
gene
expression)
can
be
mapped
onto
measures
from
functional
MRI
provide
neurobiological
insights.
Methodological
enrich
imaging
analyses
with
molecular
are
rapidly
evolving,
several
streams
research
having
developed
relatively
independently,
each
unique
potential
explore
trans-hierarchical
functioning
brain.
Here,
we
address
three
principal
-
spatial
correlation,
molecular-enriched
network,
in-silico
whole
modelling
a
critical
overview
different
sources
information,
how
this
utilised
within
fMRI
data,
merits
pitfalls
methodology,
and,
through
use
key
examples,
highlight
their
promise
shed
new
light
on
domains
neuroscientific
inquiry.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Март 11, 2024
Abstract
A
central
challenge
of
neuroscience
is
to
elucidate
how
brain
function
supports
consciousness.
Here,
we
combine
the
specificity
focal
deep
stimulation
with
fMRI
coverage
entire
cortex,
in
awake
and
anaesthetised
non-human
primates.
During
propofol,
sevoflurane,
or
ketamine
anaesthesia,
subsequent
restoration
responsiveness
by
electrical
thalamus,
investigate
loss
consciousness
impacts
distributed
patterns
structure-function
organisation
across
scales.
We
report
that
activity
under
anaesthesia
increasingly
constrained
structure
scales,
coinciding
anaesthetic-induced
collapse
multiple
dimensions
hierarchical
cortical
organisation.
These
signatures
are
observed
different
anaesthetics,
they
reversed
recovery
behavioural
markers
arousal.
No
such
effects
were
upon
stimulating
ventral
lateral
demonstrating
specificity.
Overall,
identify
consistent
orchestrated
specific
thalamic
nuclei.
Nature Human Behaviour,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
Abstract
The
human
brain
is
characterized
by
idiosyncratic
patterns
of
spontaneous
thought,
rendering
each
uniquely
identifiable
from
its
neural
activity.
However,
deep
general
anaesthesia
suppresses
subjective
experience.
Does
it
also
suppress
what
makes
unique?
Here
we
used
functional
MRI
scans
acquired
under
the
effects
anaesthetics
sevoflurane
and
propofol
to
determine
whether
anaesthetic-induced
unconsciousness
diminishes
uniqueness
brain,
both
with
respect
brains
other
individuals
another
species.
Using
connectivity,
report
that
individual
become
less
self-similar
distinguishable
other.
Loss
distinctiveness
highly
organized:
co-localizes
archetypal
sensory–association
axis,
correlating
genetic
morphometric
markers
phylogenetic
differences
between
humans
primates.
This
effect
more
evident
at
greater
anaesthetic
depths,
reproducible
across
reversed
upon
recovery.
Providing
convergent
evidence,
show
shifts
connectivity
closer
macaque
in
a
low-dimensional
space.
Finally,
match
activity
cognitive
aggregated
Neurosynth
meta-analytic
engine.
Collectively,
present
results
reveal
anaesthetized
are
not
only
other,
but
primates,
specifically
human-expanded
regions
being
most
affected
anaesthesia.
Abstract
Study
Objectives
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
alterations
in
resting-state
electroencephalography
(EEG)
global
brain
connectivity
(GBC)
patients
with
chronic
insomnia
disorder
(CID)
and
explore
correlation
between
macroscale
connectomic
variances
microscale
neurotransmitter
distributions.
Methods
We
acquired
64-channel
EEG
from
35
female
CID
34
healthy
females.
signals
were
source-localized
using
individual
anatomy
orthogonalized
mitigate
volume
conduction.
Correlation
coefficients
band-limited
source-space
power
envelopes
of
DK
68
atlas
computed
averaged
across
regions
determine
specific
GBC
values.
A
support
vector
machine
(SVM)
classifier
utilizing
features
was
employed
differentiate
controls.
further
used
Neurosynth
a
3D
receptors/transporters
assess
cognitive
functions
landscape
associated
cortical
abnormality
maps,
respectively.
Results
exhibited
elevated
within
medial
prefrontal
cortex
limbic
cortex,
particularly
at
gamma
carrier
frequency,
compared
controls
(pFDR
<
.05).
patterns
found
effectively
distinguish
precision
90.8%
SVM
model.
The
maps
significantly
correlated
meta-analytic
terms
like
“cognitive
control”
“emotion
regulation.”
Notably,
profiles
(pspin
.05),
systems
such
as
norepinephrine,
dopamine,
serotonin
making
significant
contributions.
Conclusions
work
characterizes
profile
CID,
facilitating
cost-effective
clinical
translation
EEG-derived
markers.
Additionally,
linkage
distribution
offers
promising
avenues
for
developing
targeted
treatment
strategies
CID.
Neuroscience of Consciousness,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2024(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Modern
medicine
has
been
shaken
by
the
surge
of
psychedelic
science
that
proposes
a
new
approach
to
mitigate
mental
disorders,
such
as
depression
and
post-traumatic
stress
disorder.
Clinical
trials
investigate
whether
substances
can
treat
psychiatric
conditions
are
now
underway,
yet
less
discussion
gravitates
around
their
use
in
neurological
disorders
due
brain
injury.
One
suggested
implementation
brain-complexity
enhancing
psychedelics
is
people
with
post-comatose
consciousness
(DoC).
In
this
article,
we
discuss
rationale
endeavour,
examining
possible
outcomes
experiments
postulating
existence
an
optimal
level
complexity.
We
consider
counterintuitive
effects
both
DoC
on
functional
connectivity
default
mode
network
its
impact
selfhood.
also
elaborate
role
computational
modelling
providing
complementary
information
experimental
studies,
contributing
our
understanding
treatment
mechanisms
path
towards
personalized
medicine.
Finally,
update
discourse
surrounding
ethical
considerations,
encompassing
clinical
scientific
values.
Trends in Neurosciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
47(7), С. 551 - 568
Опубликована: Май 31, 2024
Disentangling
how
cognitive
functions
emerge
from
the
interplay
of
brain
dynamics
and
network
architecture
is
among
major
challenges
that
neuroscientists
face.
Pharmacological
pathological
perturbations
consciousness
provide
a
lens
to
investigate
these
complex
challenges.
Here,
we
review
recent
advances
about
brain's
functional
organisation
have
been
driven
by
common
denominator:
decomposing
function
into
fundamental
constituents
time,
space,
information.
Whereas
unconsciousness
increases
structure-function
coupling
across
scales,
psychedelics
may
decouple
structure.
Convergent
effects
also
emerge:
anaesthetics,
psychedelics,
disorders
can
exhibit
similar
reconfigurations
unimodal-transmodal
axis.
Decomposition
approaches
reveal
potential
translate
discoveries
species,
with
computational
modelling
providing
path
towards
mechanistic
integration.
