Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2014,
Номер
111(47), С. 16647 - 16653
Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2014
Although
major
research
efforts
have
focused
on
how
specific
components
of
foodstuffs
affect
health,
relatively
little
is
known
about
a
more
fundamental
aspect
diet,
the
frequency
and
circadian
timing
meals,
potential
benefits
intermittent
periods
with
no
or
very
low
energy
intakes.
The
most
common
eating
pattern
in
modern
societies,
three
meals
plus
snacks
every
day,
abnormal
from
an
evolutionary
perspective.
Emerging
findings
studies
animal
models
human
subjects
suggest
that
restriction
as
16
h
can
improve
health
indicators
counteract
disease
processes.
mechanisms
involve
metabolic
shift
to
fat
metabolism
ketone
production,
stimulation
adaptive
cellular
stress
responses
prevent
repair
molecular
damage.
As
data
optimal
crystalizes,
it
will
be
critical
develop
strategies
incorporate
those
patterns
into
care
policy
practice,
lifestyles
population.
Annual Review of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2012,
Номер
35(1), С. 445 - 462
Опубликована: Май 20, 2012
The
circadian
system
of
mammals
is
composed
a
hierarchy
oscillators
that
function
at
the
cellular,
tissue,
and
systems
levels.
A
common
molecular
mechanism
underlies
cell-autonomous
oscillator
throughout
body,
yet
this
clock
adapted
to
different
functional
contexts.
In
central
suprachiasmatic
nucleus
(SCN)
hypothalamus,
coupled
population
neuronal
acts
as
master
pacemaker
for
organism
drive
rhythms
in
activity
rest,
feeding,
body
temperature,
hormones.
Coupling
within
SCN
network
confers
robustness
pacemaker,
which
turn
provides
stability
overall
temporal
architecture
organism.
Throughout
majority
cells
clocks
are
intimately
enmeshed
metabolic
pathways.
Thus,
an
emerging
view
adaptive
significance
their
fundamental
role
orchestrating
metabolism.
Science,
Год журнала:
2012,
Номер
338(6105), С. 349 - 354
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2012
Transcription
Around
the
Clock
The
biological
clock
that
controls
daily
rhythms
in
mammalian
physiology
and
behavior
is
thought
to
be
regulated
large
part
by
transcriptional
events
(see
Perspective
Doherty
Kay
).
Koike
et
al.
(p.
349
;
published
online
30
August)
produced
a
comprehensive
analysis
of
these
across
entire
mouse
liver
genome
over
24-hour
period.
Only
∼22%
cycling
messenger
RNA
transcripts
were
driven
de
novo
transcription,
suggesting
posttranscriptional
also
play
an
important
regulatory
role
clock.
Biological
timing
organisms
can
respond
rhythmic
cues
from
environment.
Morf
379
,
23
explored
how
one
such
cue,
cycles
ambient
temperature,
influence
circadian
cells.
Cold-inducible
RNA–binding
protein
(CIRP)
accumulates
when
body
temperature
low.
A
systematic
search
for
binding
partners
CIRP
identified
encoding
core
components
Loss
decreased
amplitude
gene
expression
cells
lacking
adapted
more
quickly
cycles.
Journal of Sleep Research,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
25(2), С. 131 - 143
Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2016
In
the
last
three
decades
two-process
model
of
sleep
regulation
has
served
as
a
major
conceptual
framework
in
research.
It
been
applied
widely
studies
on
fatigue
and
performance
to
dissect
individual
differences
regulation.
The
posits
that
homeostatic
process
(Process
S)
interacts
with
controlled
by
circadian
pacemaker
C),
time-courses
derived
from
physiological
behavioural
variables.
simulates
successfully
timing
intensity
diverse
experimental
protocols.
Electrophysiological
recordings
suprachiasmatic
nuclei
(SCN)
suggest
S
C
interact
continuously.
Oscillators
outside
SCN
are
linked
energy
metabolism
evident
SCN-lesioned
arrhythmic
animals
subjected
restricted
feeding
or
methamphetamine
administration,
well
human
subjects
during
internal
desynchronization.
intact
these
peripheral
oscillators
may
dissociate
central
rhythm.
A
sleep/fast
wake/feed
phase
segregate
antagonistic
anabolic
catabolic
metabolic
processes
tissues.
deficiency
Process
was
proposed
account
for
both
depressive
disturbances
antidepressant
effect
deprivation.
supported
development
novel
non-pharmacological
treatment
paradigms
psychiatry,
based
manipulating
phase,
light
exposure.
conclusion,
remains
conceptually
useful
promoting
integration
rhythm
Sleep
appears
have
not
only
short-term,
use-dependent
function;
it
also
serves
enforce
rest
fasting,
thereby
supporting
optimization
at
appropriate
24-h
cycle.
Genes & Development,
Год журнала:
2012,
Номер
26(9), С. 877 - 890
Опубликована: Май 1, 2012
Metabolism
generates
oxygen
radicals,
which
contribute
to
oncogenic
mutations.
Activated
oncogenes
and
loss
of
tumor
suppressors
in
turn
alter
metabolism
induce
aerobic
glycolysis.
Aerobic
glycolysis
or
the
Warburg
effect
links
high
rate
glucose
fermentation
cancer.
Together
with
glutamine,
via
provides
carbon
skeletons,
NADPH,
ATP
build
new
cancer
cells,
persist
hypoxia
that
rewires
metabolic
pathways
for
cell
growth
survival.
Excessive
caloric
intake
is
associated
an
increased
risk
cancers,
while
restriction
protective,
perhaps
through
clearance
mitochondria
mitophagy,
thereby
reducing
oxidative
stress.
Hence,
between
are
multifaceted,
spanning
from
low
incidence
large
mammals
specific
rates
altered
resulting
mutated
enzymes
genes.
Science Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2012,
Номер
4(129)
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2012
Epidemiological
studies
link
short
sleep
duration
and
circadian
disruption
with
higher
risk
of
metabolic
syndrome
diabetes.
We
tested
the
hypotheses
that
prolonged
restriction
concurrent
disruption,
as
can
occur
in
people
performing
shift
work,
impairs
glucose
regulation
metabolism.
Healthy
adults
spent
>5
weeks
under
controlled
laboratory
conditions
which
they
experienced
an
initial
baseline
segment
optimal
sleep,
3
(5.6
hours
per
24
hours)
combined
(recurring
28-hour
"days"),
followed
by
9
days
recovery
re-entrainment.
Exposure
to
measurements
taken
at
same
phase,
decreased
participants'
resting
rate
increased
plasma
concentrations
after
a
meal,
effect
resulting
from
inadequate
pancreatic
insulin
secretion.
These
parameters
normalized
during
stable
Thus,
humans,
alters
metabolism
could
increase
obesity
Pharmacological Reviews,
Год журнала:
2014,
Номер
66(4), С. 948 - 983
Опубликована: Июль 29, 2014
Bile
acids
are
the
end
products
of
cholesterol
catabolism.
Hepatic
bile
acid
synthesis
accounts
for
a
major
fraction
daily
turnover
in
humans.
Biliary
secretion
generates
flow
and
facilitates
hepatobiliary
lipids,
lipophilic
metabolites,
xenobiotics.
In
intestine,
essential
absorption,
transport,
metabolism
dietary
fats
lipid-soluble
vitamins.
Extensive
research
last
2
decades
has
unveiled
new
functions
as
signaling
molecules
metabolic
integrators.
The
acid-activated
nuclear
receptors
farnesoid
X
receptor,
pregnane
constitutive
androstane
vitamin
D
G
protein-coupled
receptor
play
critical
roles
regulation
lipid,
glucose,
energy
metabolism,
inflammation,
drug
detoxification.
exhibits
strong
diurnal
rhythm,
which
is
entrained
by
fasting
refeeding
well
nutrient
status
plays
an
important
role
maintaining
homeostasis.
Recent
revealed
interaction
liver
gut
microbiota
metabolism.
Circadian
disturbance
altered
contribute
to
pathogenesis
diseases,
inflammatory
bowel
nonalcoholic
fatty
disease,
diabetes,
obesity.
their
derivatives
potential
therapeutic
agents
treating
diseases
liver.
