Life and death in the soil microbiome: how ecological processes influence biogeochemistry

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(7), С. 415 - 430

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Erosion reduces soil microbial diversity, network complexity and multifunctionality

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 15(8), С. 2474 - 2489

Опубликована: Март 12, 2021

Abstract While soil erosion drives land degradation, the impact of on microbial communities and multiple functions remains unclear. This hinders our ability to assess true ecosystem services restore eroded environments. Here we examined effect at two sites with contrasting texture climates. Eroded plots had lower network complexity, fewer taxa, associations among relative non-eroded plots. Soil also shifted community composition, decreased abundances dominant phyla such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes. In contrast, led an increase in some bacterial families involved N cycling, Acetobacteraceae Beijerinckiaceae. Changes microbiota characteristics were strongly related erosion-induced changes multifunctionality. Together, these results demonstrate that has a significant negative diversity functionality.

Язык: Английский

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The interplay between microbial communities and soil properties

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(4), С. 226 - 239

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Soil microbial diversity–biomass relationships are driven by soil carbon content across global biomes

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 15(7), С. 2081 - 2091

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2021

Abstract The relationship between biodiversity and biomass has been a long standing debate in ecology. Soil are essential drivers of ecosystem functions. However, unlike plant communities, little is known about how the diversity soil microbial communities interlinked across globally distributed biomes, variations this influence function. To fill knowledge gap, we conducted field survey global with contrasting vegetation climate types. We show that carbon (C) content associated to diversity–biomass ratio soils biomes. This provides an integrative index identify those locations on Earth wherein much higher compared vice versa. diversity-to-biomass peaks arid environments low C content, very C-rich cold environments. Our study further advances reductions land use intensification change could cause dramatic shifts diversity-biomass ratio, potential consequences for broad processes.

Язык: Английский

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Aridity-driven shift in biodiversity–soil multifunctionality relationships

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2021

Relationships between biodiversity and multiple ecosystem functions (that is, multifunctionality) are context-dependent. Both plant soil microbial diversity have been reported to regulate multifunctionality, but how their relative importance varies along environmental gradients remains poorly understood. Here, we relate multifunctionality across 130 dryland sites a 4,000 km aridity gradient in northern China. Our results show strong positive association species richness less arid regions, whereas diversity, particular of fungi, is positively associated with more regions. This shift the relationships or occur at an level ∼0.8, boundary semiarid climates, which predicted advance geographically ∼28% by end current century. study highlights that loss plants microorganisms may especially consequences under low high conditions, respectively, calls for climate-specific conservation strategies mitigate effects aridification.

Язык: Английский

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Soil organic matter formation, persistence, and functioning: A synthesis of current understanding to inform its conservation and regeneration

Advances in agronomy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 66

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Large‐scale importance of microbial carbon use efficiency and necromass to soil organic carbon

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 27(10), С. 2039 - 2048

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2021

Abstract Optimal methods for incorporating soil microbial mechanisms of carbon (C) cycling into Earth system models (ESMs) are still under debate. Specifically, whether physiology parameters and residual materials important to organic C (SOC) content is unclear. Here, we explored the effects biotic abiotic factors on SOC based a survey soils from 16 locations along ~4000 km forest transect in eastern China, spanning wide range climate, conditions, communities. We found that was highly correlated with biomass (MBC) amino sugar (AS) concentration, an index necromass. Microbial use efficiency (CUE) significantly related variations this national‐scale transect. Furthermore, effect climatic edaphic mainly via their regulation physiological properties (CUE MBC). also regression explanation AS performed better than without them. Our results provide empirical linkages among characteristics, at large scale confirm necessity necromass pools ESMs global change scenarios.

Язык: Английский

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Overcoming the coupled climate and biodiversity crises and their societal impacts

Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 380(6642)

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

Earth's biodiversity and human societies face pollution, overconsumption of natural resources, urbanization, demographic shifts, social economic inequalities, habitat loss, many which are exacerbated by climate change. Here, we review links among climate, biodiversity, society develop a roadmap toward sustainability. These include limiting warming to 1.5°C effectively conserving restoring functional ecosystems on 30 50% land, freshwater, ocean "scapes." We envision mosaic interconnected protected shared spaces, including intensively used strengthen self-sustaining the capacity people nature adapt mitigate change, nature's contributions people. Fostering interlinked human, ecosystem, planetary health for livable future urgently requires bold implementation transformative policy interventions through institutions, governance, systems from local global levels.

Язык: Английский

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Feeding habits and multifunctional classification of soil‐associated consumers from protists to vertebrates

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 97(3), С. 1057 - 1117

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2022

Soil organisms drive major ecosystem functions by mineralising carbon and releasing nutrients during decomposition processes, which supports plant growth, aboveground biodiversity and, ultimately, human nutrition. ecologists often operate with functional groups to infer the effects of individual taxa on services. Simultaneous assessment roles multiple is possible using food-web reconstructions, but our knowledge feeding habits many insufficient based limited evidence. Over last two decades, molecular, biochemical isotopic tools have improved understanding various soil organisms, yet this still be synthesised into a common framework. Here, we provide comprehensive review consumers in soil, including protists, micro-, meso- macrofauna (invertebrates), soil-associated vertebrates. We integrated existing group classifications findings gained novel methods compiled an overarching classification across focusing key universal traits such as food resource preferences, body masses, microhabitat specialisation, protection hunting mechanisms. Our summary highlights strands evidence that commonly used ecology models are types resources. In cases, omnivory observed down species level taxonomic resolution, challenging realism traditional distinct resource-based energy channels. Novel methods, stable isotope, fatty acid DNA gut content analyses, revealed previously hidden facets trophic relationships consumers, assimilation, multichannel levels, niche differentiation importance alternative food/prey, well transfers compartments. Wider adoption development open interoperable platforms assemble morphological, ecological data will enable refinement expansion multifunctional soil. The serve reference for working changes biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships, making research more accessible reproducible.

Язык: Английский

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Long-Term Fertilization History Alters Effects of Microplastics on Soil Properties, Microbial Communities, and Functions in Diverse Farmland Ecosystem

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 55(8), С. 4658 - 4668

Опубликована: Март 23, 2021

Microplastics (MPs) pollution has caused a threat to soil ecosystem diversity and functioning globally. Recently, an increasing number of studies have reported effects MPs on ecosystems. However, these mainly focused bacterial communities few limited functional genes, which is why ecosystems are still not fully understood. Fertilization treatment often coinsides with exposure in practice. Here, we studied environmentally relevant concentration polyethylene properties, microbial communities, functions under different types fertilization history. Our results showed that 0.2% PE could affect pH, but this effect varied according type Long-term history alter fungal diverse farmland (P < 0.05). Soil more sensitive than exposure. greater impact the lower genes abundance increases pathogenic microorganisms. These findings provided integrated picture aid our understanding histories.

Язык: Английский

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