Invasive fungal infections in patients with liver disease: immunological and clinical considerations for the intensive care unit
Intensive Care Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025
Patients
with
liver
disease
in
the
intensive
care
unit
(ICU)
face
a
unique
susceptibility
to
infection
due
complex
immune
dysfunction
resulting
from
hepatic
failure.
Bacterial
infections
are
commonly
present
these
patients
upon
arrival
hospital,
often
being
primary
reason
for
ICU
admission.
In
contrast,
invasive
fungal
(IFIs)
afflict
smaller
percentage
of
and
usually
discovered
course
stay.
IFI
diagnosis
ICU,
particularly
disease,
is
delayed
or
overlooked,
contributing
extremely
high
mortality
associated
despite
availability
effective
(and
largely
safe)
antifungal
therapy.
Thus,
improve
outcomes,
it
crucial
clinicians
be
vigilant
IFIs
disease.
This
review
aims
contribute
literature
this
regard.
We
begin
an
overview
normal
immunity
followed
by
summary
how
may
become
compromised
setting
dysfunction.
Next,
general
discussion
presented
then
three
most
relevant
pathogens,
namely
Candida,
Aspergillus,
Cryptococcus,
individually
examined.
concludes
highlighting
key
knowledge
practice
gaps
that
require
attention
scientific
clinical
communities
coming
years.
Язык: Английский
Action Mechanisms of Medicinal Plant Components as Antimycosis: A Literature Review
Salud Ciencia y Tecnología,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
5, С. 1647 - 1647
Опубликована: Март 12, 2025
Mycosis
poses
a
significant
threat
to
global
health,
particularly
in
immune-compromised
individuals,
and
the
rise
of
antifungal
resistance
has
further
complicated
their
treatment.
The
fungal
infections
(FIs)
is
growing
concern,
contributing
significantly
morbidity
mortality
rates.
Medicinal
plants
(MPs),
with
long
history
use
traditional
medicine,
have
emerged
as
valuable
source
bioactive
compounds
potent
properties.
current
study
explores
mechanisms
by
which
plant
active
constituents
(PACs)
exert
effects,
including
inhibition
cell
membrane
(CM)
wall
(CW)
synthesis,
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
Nucleic
acids
(Nas)
protein
synthesis
(PS),
inhibiting
electron
transport
chain,
decreasing
ATP
production,
glycolysis,
oxidative
phosphorylation,
oxygen
uptake
cells,
this
lead
affect
division,
/or
its
mycelial
growth
spore
germination.
Compounds
such
flavonoids,
alkaloids,
terpenoids,
other
PACs
demonstrated
activity
through
these
diverse
mechanisms,
offering
potential
alternatives
conventional
drugs.
This
highlights
MPs
foundation
for
developing
novel
therapies.
Furthermore,
it
underscores
importance
understanding
intraocular
action
(MsOA)
combat
improve
therapeutic
outcomes.
comprehensive
analysis
not
only
validates
medicine
but
also
provides
roadmap
future
research
drug
development
fight
against
FIs.
aligns
supports
sustainable
goals
(SDGs),
good
health
well-being
(SDG
3)
goals.
Язык: Английский
Macrophage fate: to kill or not to kill?
Infection and Immunity,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
92(9)
Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2024
ABSTRACT
Macrophages
are
dynamic
innate
immune
cells
that
either
reside
in
tissue,
serving
as
sentinels,
or
recruited
monocytes
from
bone
marrow
into
inflamed
and
infected
tissue.
In
response
to
cues
the
tissue
microenvironment
(TME),
macrophages
polarize
on
a
continuum
toward
M1
M2
with
diverse
roles
progression
resolution
of
disease.
M1-like
exhibit
proinflammatory
functions
antimicrobial
anti-tumorigenic
activities,
while
M2-like
have
anti-inflammatory
generally
resolve
inflammatory
responses
orchestrate
healing
process.
Given
these
opposite
phenotypes,
proper
spatiotemporal
coordination
macrophage
polarization
within
TME
is
critical
effectively
infectious
disease
regulate
wound
healing.
However,
if
this
becomes
disrupted
due
persistent
infection
dysregulated
coagulation,
macrophages’
inappropriate
will
result
development
diseases
clinically
unfavorable
outcomes.
Since
plasticity
heterogeneity
hallmarks
macrophages,
they
attractive
targets
for
therapies
reprogram
specific
phenotypes
could
favor
clinical
prognosis.
review,
we
discuss
how
basic
science
studies
elucidated
mechanisms
TMEs
during
infections
inflammation,
particularly
coagulation.
Therefore,
understanding
dynamics
important
further
targeted
therapies.
Язык: Английский
Combinatory Use of hLF(1-11), a Synthetic Peptide Derived from Human Lactoferrin, and Fluconazole/Amphotericin B against Malassezia furfur Reveals a Synergistic/Additive Antifungal Effect
Antibiotics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(8), С. 790 - 790
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2024
The
increasing
resistance
of
Язык: Английский
Combating Fungal Infections and Resistance with a Dual-Mechanism Luminogen to Disrupt Membrane Integrity and Induce DNA Damage
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
146(46), С. 31656 - 31664
Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2024
Antifungal
drug
resistance
is
a
critical
concern,
demanding
innovative
therapeutic
solutions.
The
dual-targeting
mechanism
of
action
(MoA),
as
an
effective
strategy
to
reduce
resistance,
has
been
validated
in
the
design
antibacterial
agents.
However,
structural
similarities
between
mammalian
and
fungal
cells
complicate
development
such
for
antifungal
agents
selectivity
can
be
compromised.
Herein,
we
introduce
addressing
infections
by
selectively
introducing
DNA
binding
molecules
into
nuclei.
We
incorporate
rigid
hydrophobic
units
DNA-binding
domain
fabricate
luminogens
TPY
TPZ,
which
exhibit
enhanced
membrane
penetration
capabilities.
These
compounds
MoA
depolarizing
membranes
inducing
damage,
amplifying
their
potency
against
pathogens
with
undetectable
resistance.
TPZ
demonstrated
robust
activity
vitro
exhibited
ideal
efficacy
murine
model
Язык: Английский
Convergent evolution of innate immune-modulating effectors in invasive fungal pathogens
Trends in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
32(5), С. 435 - 447
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2023
Язык: Английский
Single cell genomics based insights into the impact of cell-type specific microbial internalization on disease severity
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Май 21, 2024
Host-microbe
interactions
are
complex
and
ever-changing,
especially
during
infections,
which
can
significantly
impact
human
physiology
in
both
health
disease
by
influencing
metabolic
immune
functions.
Infections
caused
pathogens
such
as
bacteria,
viruses,
fungi,
parasites
the
leading
cause
of
global
mortality.
Microbes
have
evolved
various
evasion
strategies
to
survive
within
their
hosts,
presents
a
multifaceted
challenge
for
detection.
Intracellular
microbes,
particular,
target
specific
cell
types
survival
replication
influenced
factors
functional
roles,
nutrient
availability,
evasion,
opportunities.
Identifying
intracellular
microbes
be
difficult
because
limitations
traditional
culture-based
methods.
However,
advancements
integrated
host
microbiome
single-cell
genomics
transcriptomics
provide
promising
basis
personalized
treatment
strategies.
Understanding
host-microbiota
at
cellular
level
may
elucidate
mechanisms
microbial
pathogenesis,
targeted
therapies.
This
article
focuses
on
how
reside
types,
modulating
functions
through
persistence
evade
immunity
prolong
colonization.
An
improved
understanding
persistent
microbe-induced
differential
outcomes
enhance
diagnostics,
therapeutics,
preventive
measures.
Язык: Английский
Lack of an atypical PDR transporter generates an immunogenicCryptococcus neoformansstrain that drives a dysregulated and lethal immune response in murine lungs
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024
is
an
opportunistic
fungal
pathogen
responsible
for
>150,000
deaths
every
year
with
a
mortality
rate
as
high
81%.
This
medical
burden
due,
in
part,
to
incomplete
understanding
of
its
pathogenesis.
In
previous
study,
we
identified
cryptococcal
atypical
pleiotropic
drug
resistance
(PDR)
transporter,
Язык: Английский
Pathobiology of Fungal Endophthalmitis: A Major Review
ACS Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(9), С. 3126 - 3137
Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024
Fungal
endophthalmitis
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
condition
of
the
eye's
posterior
segment
that
can
lead
to
irreversible
vision
loss.
While
relatively
rare
in
western
countries,
its
incidence
notably
higher
Asia,
particularly
India.
The
condition's
prevalence
exacerbated
by
factors
such
as
intravenous
drug
use,
antibiotics,
and
ocular
surgeries.
be
categorized
endogenous,
arising
from
systemic
infection,
or
exogenous,
linked
external
sources
trauma
surgery.
fungal
agents
responsible
vary
region,
with
Язык: Английский