Global impact of the first year of COVID-19 vaccination: a mathematical modelling study

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(9), С. 1293 - 1302

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2022

The first COVID-19 vaccine outside a clinical trial setting was administered on Dec 8, 2020. To ensure global equity, targets were set by the Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) Facility and WHO. However, due to shortfalls, these not achieved end of 2021. We aimed quantify impact year vaccination programmes.A mathematical model transmission separately fit reported mortality all-cause excess in 185 countries territories. programmes determined estimating additional lives lost if no vaccines had been distributed. also estimated deaths that would have averted coverage 20% COVAX 40% WHO 2021.Based official deaths, we vaccinations prevented 14·4 million (95% credible interval [Crl] 13·7-15·9) from territories between 2020, This estimate rose 19·8 Crl 19·1-20·4) when used as an true extent pandemic, representing reduction 63% total (19·8 31·4 million) during vaccination. In Advance Market Commitment countries, 41% (7·4 [95% 6·8-7·7] 17·9 deaths) averted. low-income 45% CrI 42-49) could target met each country, 111% (105-118) country 2021.COVID-19 has substantially altered course saving tens millions globally. inadequate access limited settings, reinforcing need for equity coverage.Schmidt Science Fellowship partnership with Rhodes Trust; WHO; UK Medical Research Council; Gavi, Vaccine Alliance; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; National Institute Health Research; Community Jameel.

Язык: Английский

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Global disparities in SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2022

Abstract Genomic sequencing is essential to track the evolution and spread of SARS-CoV-2, optimize molecular tests, treatments, vaccines, guide public health responses. To investigate global SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance, we used sequences shared via GISAID estimate impact intensity turnaround times on variant detection in 189 countries. In first two years pandemic, 78% high-income countries sequenced >0.5% their COVID-19 cases, while 42% low- middle-income reached that mark. Around 25% genomes from high income were submitted within 21 days, a pattern observed 5% We found around 0.5% with time <21 could provide benchmark for surveillance. Socioeconomic inequalities undermine pandemic preparedness, efforts must be made support improve local capacity.

Язык: Английский

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How we classify countries and people—and why it matters

BMJ Global Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(6), С. e009704 - e009704

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat

Nature, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 611(7935), С. 332 - 345

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2022

Abstract Despite notable scientific and medical advances, broader political, socioeconomic behavioural factors continue to undercut the response COVID-19 pandemic 1,2 . Here we convened, as part of this Delphi study, a diverse, multidisciplinary panel 386 academic, health, non-governmental organization, government other experts in from 112 countries territories recommend specific actions end persistent global threat public health. The developed set 41 consensus statements 57 recommendations governments, health systems, industry key stakeholders across six domains: communication; systems; vaccination; prevention; treatment care; inequities. In wake nearly three years fragmented national responses, it is instructive note that highest-ranked call for adoption whole-of-society whole-of-government approaches 1 , while maintaining proven prevention measures using vaccines-plus approach 2 employs range financial support complement vaccination. Other with at least 99% combined agreement advise governments improve communication, rebuild trust engage communities 3 management responses. findings which have been further endorsed by 184 organizations globally, include points unanimous agreement, well >5% disagreement, provide social policy address inadequacies help bring an end.

Язык: Английский

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Update on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines on different variants of SARS-CoV-2

International Immunopharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 117, С. 109968 - 109968

Опубликована: Март 2, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Vaccine access, equity and justice: COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination

BMJ Global Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(6), С. e011881 - e011881

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Although significant progress has been made in achieving goals for COVID-19 vaccine access, the quest equity and justice remains an unfinished agenda. Vaccine nationalism prompted calls new approaches to achieve equitable access not only vaccines but also vaccination. This includes ensuring country community participation global discussions that local needs strengthen health systems, address issues related social determinants of health, build trust leverage acceptance vaccines, are addressed. Regional technology manufacturing hubs promising challenges must be integrated with efforts ensure demand. The current situation underlines need demand system strengthening addressed along priorities achieved. Innovations improve accountability existing platforms needed. Sustained political will investment is required ongoing production non-pandemic sustained demand, particularly when perceived threat disease appears waning. Several recommendations govern towards including codesigning path forward low-income middle-income countries; establishing stronger measures; dedicated groups engage countries affordable supply predictable balance; addressing through leveraging development delivering on product presentations informed by needs. Even if difficult, we converge a definition well advance next pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose Acceptance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(10), С. 298 - 298

Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2022

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster dose vaccination after completing the primary series for individuals ≥18 years and most-at-risk populations. This study aimed to estimate pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine uptake intention get among general populations healthcare workers (HCWs). We searched PsycINFO, Scopus, EBSCO, MEDLINE Central/PubMed, ProQuest, SciELO, SAGE, Web Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect according PRISMA guidelines. From a total 1079 screened records, 50 studies were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted using 48 high-quality Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool. Using included studies, acceptance 198,831 subjects 81% (95% confidence interval (CI): 75–85%, I2 = 100%). actual in eight involving 12,995 31% CI: 19–46%, 100%), while have 79% 72–85%, vaccines HCWs 66% 58–74%), 99%). Meta-regression revealed that previous infection associated with lower dose. Conversely, significantly higher level uptake. WHO region Americas, which did not include any vaccination, 77% 66–85%, Western Pacific 89% 84–92%, 100), followed by European region: 86% 81–90%, 99%), Eastern Mediterranean 59% 46–71%, Southeast Asian 52% 43–61%, 95). Having chronic trust effectiveness significant predictors acceptance. global rate is high, but rates vary region. To achieve herd immunity disease, high required. Intensive campaigns programs are still needed around world raise public awareness regarding importance accepting proper control pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Expert review of global real-world data on COVID-19 vaccine booster effectiveness and safety during the omicron-dominant phase of the pandemic

Expert Review of Vaccines, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(1), С. 1 - 16

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2022

COVID-19 vaccines have been highly effective in reducing morbidity and mortality during the pandemic. However, emergence of Omicron variant subvariants as globally dominant strains raised doubts about effectiveness currently available prompted debate potential future vaccination strategies.Using publicly IVAC VIEW-hub platform, we reviewed 52 studies on vaccine (VE) after booster vaccinations. VE were reported for SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic infection, severe disease death stratified by schedule age. In addition, a non-systematic literature review safety was performed to identify single or multi-country investigating adverse event rates at least two vaccines.Booster shots current provide consistently high protection against Omicron-related death. Additionally, this appears be conserved 3 months, with small but significant waning that. The positive risk-benefit ratio these is well established, giving us confidence administer additional doses required. Future strategies will likely include combination schedules based risk profile, overly frequent boosting may neither beneficial nor sustainable general population.

Язык: Английский

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Vaccine technology transfer in a global health crisis: Actors, capabilities, and institutions

Research Policy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(4), С. 104739 - 104739

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic, which featured international pharmaceutical firms seeking to build global manufacturing networks scale-up the supply of vaccines, has generated heightened interest in understanding role firm-to-firm technology transfer. While considerable attention been given tracking extent vaccine transfer, we know little about how partnerships were established and work practice. Understanding challenges that such projects face, may be overcome, is crucially important. This paper provides an account partnership between British-Swedish multinational company AstraZeneca, developer engaged most transfer built widest network, Bio-Manguinhos, a public laboratory linked Brazil's Ministry Health. case study demonstrates importance capabilities regulatory flexibility. Moreover, analysis highlights political factors affect process innovation more broadly. Because risks involved need quickly mobilize existing new ones, as well imperatives coordinating among processes allocating resources make arrangements feasible, enabled politically. Looking forward, implications for initiatives expand broadened production vaccines Global South.

Язык: Английский

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WHO keeps covid-19 a public health emergency of international concern

BMJ, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. p504 - p504

Опубликована: Март 6, 2023

Язык: Английский

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