Physiological Reviews,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
103(1), С. 277 - 312
Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2022
Neutrophil
extracellular
trap
(NET)
formation,
first
described
in
2004
as
a
previously
unknown
strategy
of
neutrophils
to
fight
microbes,
has
attracted
an
increasing
interest
the
research
community.
NETs
are
formed
when
externalize
their
decondensed
chromatin
together
with
content
from
azurophilic
granules.
In
addition
role
defense
against
have
been
implicated
mediators
pathology
sterile
inflammation,
such
cancer
and
autoimmunity,
potential
therapeutic
targets
is
actively
explored.
However,
targeting
challenging
since
beneficial
effects
removal
need
be
balanced
harmful
loss
function
microbial
defense.
Moreover,
depending
on
stimuli
or
species,
can
via
distinct
mechanisms
not
always
made
up
same
components,
making
direct
comparisons
between
various
studies
challenging.
This
review
focuses
cancer-associated
pathology,
thrombosis,
organ
dysfunction,
metastasis.
Different
strategies
target
NETs,
by
either
preventing
formation
degrading
existing
ones,
also
discussed.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
6(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2021
Abstract
Pattern
recognition
receptors
(PRRs)
are
a
class
of
that
can
directly
recognize
the
specific
molecular
structures
on
surface
pathogens,
apoptotic
host
cells,
and
damaged
senescent
cells.
PRRs
bridge
nonspecific
immunity
immunity.
Through
binding
ligands,
produce
anti-infection,
antitumor,
other
immunoprotective
effects.
Most
in
innate
immune
system
vertebrates
be
classified
into
following
five
types
based
protein
domain
homology:
Toll-like
(TLRs),
nucleotide
oligomerization
(NOD)-like
(NLRs),
retinoic
acid-inducible
gene-I
(RIG-I)-like
(RLRs),
C-type
lectin
(CLRs),
absent
melanoma-2
(AIM2)-like
(ALRs).
basically
composed
ligand
domains,
intermediate
effector
domains.
bind
their
respective
ligands
recruit
adaptor
molecules
with
same
structure
through
initiating
downstream
signaling
pathways
to
exert
In
recent
years,
increased
researches
have
greatly
promoted
understanding
different
provided
ideas
for
treatment
immune-related
diseases
even
tumors.
This
review
describes
detail
history,
structural
characteristics,
mechanism,
pathway,
related
disease,
new
drugs
clinical
trials
therapy
PRRs,
discusses
significance
research
pattern
mechanism
PRR-related
diseases.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
218(6)
Опубликована: Май 12, 2021
Ferroptosis
is
a
type
of
regulated
necrosis
that
triggered
by
combination
iron
toxicity,
lipid
peroxidation,
and
plasma
membrane
damage.
The
upstream
inducers
ferroptosis
can
be
divided
into
two
categories
(biological
versus
chemical)
activate
major
pathways
(the
extrinsic/transporter
the
intrinsic/enzymatic
pathways).
Excessive
or
deficient
ferroptotic
cell
death
implicated
in
growing
list
physiological
pathophysiological
processes,
coupled
to
dysregulated
immune
response.
This
review
focuses
on
new
discoveries
related
how
cells
their
spilled
contents
shape
innate
adaptive
immunity
health
disease.
Understanding
immunological
characteristics
activity
not
only
illuminates
an
intersection
between
but
may
also
lead
development
novel
treatment
approaches
for
immunopathological
diseases.
Cell Death and Disease,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(3)
Опубликована: Март 21, 2023
Abstract
Ferroptosis
is
an
iron-dependent
regulated
cell
death
driven
by
excessive
lipid
peroxidation.
Inflammation
one
common
and
effective
physiological
event
that
protects
against
various
stimuli
to
maintain
tissue
homeostasis.
However,
the
dysregulation
of
inflammatory
responses
can
cause
imbalance
immune
system,
dysfunction
death.
Recent
studies
have
pointed
out
activation
inflammation,
including
multiple
inflammation-related
signaling
pathways,
lead
ferroptosis.
Among
related
signal
transduction
we
focused
on
five
classical
namely,
JAK-STAT,
NF-κB,
inflammasome,
cGAS-STING
MAPK
expounded
their
roles
in
To
date,
many
agents
shown
therapeutic
effects
ferroptosis-related
diseases
modulating
aforementioned
pathways
vivo
vitro.
Moreover,
regulatory
these
iron
metabolism
peroxidation
been
described
detail,
contributing
further
understanding
pathophysiological
process
Taken
together,
targeting
inflammation
will
provide
appropriate
ways
intervene
ferroptosis
diseases.
Bioactive Materials,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
7, С. 47 - 72
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2021
Interventional
coronary
reperfusion
strategies
are
widely
adopted
to
treat
acute
myocardial
infarction,
but
morbidity
and
mortality
of
infarction
still
high.
Reperfusion
injuries
inevitable
due
the
generation
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
apoptosis
cardiac
muscle
cells.
However,
many
antioxidant
anti-inflammatory
drugs
largely
limited
by
pharmacokinetics
route
administration,
such
as
short
half-life,
low
stability,
bioavailability,
side
effects
for
treatment
ischemia
injury.
Therefore,
it
is
necessary
develop
effective
technologies
address
this
issue.
Fortunately,
nanotherapies
have
demonstrated
great
opportunities
treating
Compared
with
traditional
drugs,
nanodrugs
can
effectively
increase
therapeutic
effect
reduces
improving
pharmacokinetic
pharmacodynamic
properties
nanodrugs'
size,
shape,
material
characteristics.
In
review,
biology
ROS
molecular
mechanisms
injury
discussed.
Furthermore,
we
summarized
applications
ROS-based
nanoparticles,
highlighting
latest
achievements
nanotechnology
researches
Cells,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
11(13), С. 2091 - 2091
Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2022
Neuroinflammation
is
a
hallmark
of
many
neurodegenerative
diseases
(NDs)
and
plays
fundamental
role
in
mediating
the
onset
progression
disease.
Microglia,
which
function
as
first-line
immune
guardians
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
are
drivers
neuroinflammation.
Numerous
human
postmortem
studies
vivo
imaging
analyses
have
shown
chronically
activated
microglia
patients
with
various
acute
chronic
neuropathological
diseases.
While
microglial
activation
common
feature
NDs,
exact
pathological
states
complex
often
contradictory.
However,
there
consensus
that
play
biphasic
conditions,
detrimental
protective
phenotypes,
overall
response
different
phenotypes
depends
on
nature
duration
inflammatory
insult,
well
stage
disease
development.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
overview
current
research
responses
health,
aging,
special
emphasis
heterogeneous
phenotypic
such
hemorrhagic
stroke
(HS),
Alzheimer's
(AD),
Parkinson's
(PD).
The
primary
focus
translational
preclinical
animal
models
bulk/single-cell
transcriptome
samples.
Additionally,
this
covers
key
receptors
signaling
pathways
potential
therapeutic
targets
to
regulate
during
aging
NDs.
age-,
sex-,
species-specific
differences
will
be
briefly
reviewed.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
6(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2021
Cell
death
and
immune
response
are
at
the
core
of
life.
In
past
decades,
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
protein
STING1
(also
known
as
STING
or
TMEM173)
was
found
to
play
a
fundamental
role
in
production
type
I
interferons
(IFNs)
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
DNA
derived
from
invading
microbial
pathogens
damaged
hosts
by
activating
multiple
transcription
factors.
addition
this
well-known
function
infection,
inflammation,
immunity,
emerging
evidence
suggests
that
STING1-dependent
signaling
network
is
implicated
health
disease
regulating
autophagic
degradation
various
cell
modalities
(e.g.,
apoptosis,
necroptosis,
pyroptosis,
ferroptosis,
mitotic
death,
immunogenic
[ICD]).
Here,
we
outline
latest
advances
our
understanding
mechanisms
pathways
autophagy
which
may
shed
light
on
new
targets
for
therapeutic
interventions.
