The influence of human disturbance on wildlife nocturnality

Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 360(6394), С. 1232 - 1235

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2018

Nocturnal refuge As the human population grows, there are fewer places for animals to live out their lives independently of our influence. Given mostly diurnal tendencies, one domain that remains less affected by humans is night. Gaynor et al. found across globe and mammalian species—from deer coyotes from tigers wild boar—animals becoming more nocturnal (see Perspective Benítez-López). Human activities all kinds, including nonlethal pastimes such as hiking, seem drive make use hours when we not around. Such changes may provide some relief, but they also have ecosystem-level consequences. Science , this issue p. 1232 ; see 1185

Язык: Английский

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The ecological impacts of nighttime light pollution: a mechanistic appraisal

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 88(4), С. 912 - 927

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2013

ABSTRACT The ecological impacts of nighttime light pollution have been a longstanding source concern, accentuated by realized and projected growth in electrical lighting. As human communities lighting technologies develop, artificial increasingly modifies natural regimes encroaching on dark refuges space, time, across wavelengths. A wide variety implications identified. However, the primary research to date is largely focused disruptive influence higher vertebrates, while comprehensive reviews compiled along taxonomic lines within specific domains, subject need synthesis common mechanistic framework. Here we propose such framework that focuses cross‐factoring ways which alters (spatially, temporally, spectrally), influences biological systems, particularly distinction between as resource an information source. We review evidence for each combinations this cross‐factoring. patterns time wavelengths, use flows may be disrupted, with downstream effects structure function ecosystems. This highlights: ( i ) potential at all levels organisation (from cell ecosystem); ii significant impact even low can have; iii existence major gaps, terms population ecosystem levels, identification intensity thresholds, spatial extent vicinity lights.

Язык: Английский

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The biological impacts of artificial light at night: the research challenge

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 370(1667), С. 20140133 - 20140133

Опубликована: Март 17, 2015

Язык: Английский

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A meta-analysis of biological impacts of artificial light at night

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 5(1), С. 74 - 81

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Phylogeny and geography predict pathogen community similarity in wild primates and humans

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2008, Номер 275(1643), С. 1695 - 1701

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2008

In natural systems, host species are often co-infected by multiple pathogen species, and recent work has suggested that many pathogens can infect a wide range of species. An important question therefore is what determines the community found within given Using primates as model, we show infectious diseases more shared between closely related inhabit same geographical region. We find relatedness best overall predictor whether two share pathogens. A higher frequency shifts close relatives or inheritance from common ancestor may explain this result. For viruses, overlap among neighbouring primate hosts in determining range. suggest because rapid evolution viral lineages allows jumps across larger evolutionary distances. also phylogenetic pattern sharing with humans wild primates. humans, means proportion great apes, including chimpanzees gorillas, these our closest relatives.

Язык: Английский

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Biogeography of time partitioning in mammals

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 111(38), С. 13727 - 13732

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2014

Significance The majority of mammal species are nocturnal, but many diurnal (active during the day), crepuscular mostly twilight), or cathemeral hours daylight and darkness). These different strategies for regulating activity over a 24-h cycle associated with suites adaptations to light semidarkness. biogeography these time partitioning is, however, poorly understood. We show that global patterns in diversity diel constrained by duration is both ( i ) illuminated daylight, moonlight, and/or twilight ii between thermal limits suitable activity.

Язык: Английский

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Investigating animal activity patterns and temporal niche partitioning using camera‐trap data: challenges and opportunities

Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 3(3), С. 123 - 132

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2017

Abstract Time‐stamped camera data are increasingly used to study temporal patterns in species and community ecology, including species’ activity niche partitioning. Given the importance of partitioning for facilitating coexistence between sympatric species, understanding how emerging environmental stressors – climate landscape change, biodiversity loss concomitant changes composition affect is immediate advancing ecological theory informing management decisions. A large variety analytical approaches have been applied camera‐trap ask key questions about overlap among heterospecifics. Despite many advances describing quantifying these patterns, few studies explicitly tested interacting biotic abiotic variables influence capacity segregate along axis. To address this gap, we suggest coordinated distributed experiments capture sufficient across a range anthropogenic compositions. This will facilitate standardized approach assessing impacts multiple on behaviours interactions. Ultimately, further integration spatial analyses critical improving our activities altering competitive interactions dynamics animal communities.

Язык: Английский

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Niche partitioning and species coexistence in a Neotropical felid assemblage

Acta Oecologica, Год журнала: 2010, Номер 36(4), С. 403 - 412

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2010

Язык: Английский

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Plasticity in circadian activity patterns of mesocarnivores in Southwestern Europe: implications for species coexistence

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 68(9), С. 1403 - 1417

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2014

Язык: Английский

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Effects of predator control on behaviour of an apex predator and indirect consequences for mesopredator suppression

Journal of Applied Ecology, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 49(6), С. 1278 - 1286

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2012

Summary Apex predators can benefit ecosystems through top–down control of mesopredators and herbivores. However, apex are often subject to lethal aimed at minimizing attacks on livestock. Lethal affect both the abundance behaviour predators. These changes could in turn influence mesopredators. We used remote camera surveys nine pairs large Australian rangeland properties, comparing properties that controlled dingoes Canis lupus dingo with did not, test effects predator activity evaluate responses a mesopredator, feral cat Felis catus . Indices were generally reduced practiced control, comparison paired although effect size was variable. Dingoes uncontrolled populations crepuscular, similar major prey. In became less active around dusk, concentrated period shortly before dawn. Shifts indices between without inversely related corresponding shifts abundance. There also negative relationship visitation rates individual stations, suggesting cats avoided areas where locally common. Reduced by dusk associated higher dusk. Our results suggest effective not only leads cats, but allows them optimize hunting when active. This double amplify impacts prey species selected cats. managed for conservation, stable may thus contribute management objectives restricting access populations. Synthesis applications Predator reduces modify their behaviour. Hence, indicators other than abundance, such as behavioural patterns, should be considered estimating predator's capacity effectively interact lower trophic guilds. Changes relax limitations mesopredators, providing enhanced resources

Язык: Английский

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