Association of Social Determinants of Health and Vaccinations With Child Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US

JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 79(6), С. 610 - 610

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2022

Importance

The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected mental health in socioeconomically disadvantaged children the US. However, little is known about relationship of preexisting and time-varying social determinants (SDoH) at individual structural levels, vaccination eligibility/rates, racial ethnic differences to trajectories child during pandemic.

Objective

To estimate association multilevel SDoH eligibility/rates.

Design, Setting, Participants

This prospective longitudinal cohort study, conducted from May 16, 2020, March 2, 2021, integrated structural-level, pandemic-related data with Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) (release 4.0). ABCD study recruited 11 878 (baseline) 6 rapid response surveys across 21 US sites (in 17 states) 2021.

Exposures

Preexisting (eg, household income) (area deprivation) food insecurity, unemployment) distancing, eligibility/rates) SDoH.

Main Outcomes Measures

Perceived Stress Scale, National Institutes Health–Toolbox emotion measures, COVID-19–related worry.

Results

sample included 8493 (mean [SD] age, 9.93 [0.63] years; 5011 girls [47.89%]; 245 Asian [2.34%], 1213 Black [11.59%], 2029 Hispanic [19.39%], 5851 White [55.93%], 1124 other/multiracial ethnicity [10.74%]). Trajectories stress, sadness, worry decreased after adult rollout. Compared younger children, boys, or those living married parents, who reported greater perceived stress older aged 12 15 years (β = 0.26; 95% CI, 0.12-0.41;P < .001); 0.75; 0.61-0.89;P 0.24; 0.01-0.47;P .04); separated parents 0.50; 0.03-0.96;P experiencing disrupted medical care access 0.19; 0.01-0.36;P economically deprived neighborhoods 0.28; 0.05-0.51;P .02); areas more full-time working-class adults were unable distance 1.35; 0.13-2.67;P states fewer fully vaccinated 0.59; 0.16-1.02;P .007). pandemic–related was higher among 0.22; 0.08-0.37;P .003), 0.33; 0.22-0.43;P .001), 0.17; 0.09-0.25;P 0.15; 0.09-0.21) treatment 0.11; 0.06-0.16). Inability afford associated increased sadness 1.50; 0.06-2.93;P .04). States later eligibility dates for all 0.16; 0.01-0.31;P .03) positive affect −1.78; −3.39 −0.18;P children.

Conclusions Relevance

Results this suggest a adverse minority groups, which may be improved by addressing modifiable (food unemployment, services, parental supervision) deprivation, job protection, vaccination)

Язык: Английский

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Belief Updating and Paranoia in Individuals With Schizophrenia

Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(11), С. 1149 - 1157

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Restoring the missing person to personalized medicine and precision psychiatry

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023

Precision psychiatry has emerged as part of the shift to personalized medicine and builds on frameworks such U.S. National Institute Mental Health Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), multilevel biological “omics” data and, most recently, computational psychiatry. The is prompted by realization that a one-size-fits all approach inadequate guide clinical care because people differ in ways are not captured broad diagnostic categories. One first steps developing this treatment was use genetic markers pharmacotherapeutics based predictions pharmacological response or non-response, potential risk adverse drug reactions. Advances technology have made greater degree specificity precision potentially more attainable. To date, however, search for largely focused parameters. Psychiatric disorders involve multi-level dynamics require measures phenomenological, psychological, behavioral, social structural, cultural dimensions. This points need develop fine-grained analyses experience, self-construal, illness narratives, interpersonal interactional dynamics, contexts determinants health. In paper, we review limitations arguing it cannot reach its goal if does include core elements processes give rise psychopathological states, which agency experience person. Drawing from contemporary systems biology, epidemiology, developmental psychology, cognitive science, propose cultural-ecosocial integrating with person-centered care.

Язык: Английский

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Racism and Social Determinants of Psychosis

Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19(1), С. 277 - 302

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has identified racism as a serious threat to public health. Structural is fundamental cause of inequity within interconnected institutions the social environments in which we live develop. This review illustrates how these ethnoracial inequities impact risk extended psychosis phenotype. Black Latinx populations are more likely than White report psychotic experiences United States due determining factors such racial discrimination, food insecurity, police violence. Unless dismantle discriminatory structures, chronic stress biological consequences this race-based trauma will next generation's directly, indirectly through Latina pregnant mothers. Multidisciplinary early interventions show promise improving prognosis, but coordinated care other treatments still need be accessible address racism-specific adversities many people face their neighborhoods environments.

Язык: Английский

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Integrating neuroscience in psychiatry: a cultural–ecosocial systemic approach

The Lancet Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(4), С. 296 - 304

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2023

Язык: Английский

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A longitudinal study of late-life psychosis and incident dementia and the potential effects of race and cognition

Nature Mental Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1(4), С. 273 - 283

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Exploring causal mechanisms of psychosis risk

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 162, С. 105699 - 105699

Опубликована: Май 6, 2024

Robust epidemiological evidence of risk and protective factors for psychosis is essential to inform preventive interventions. Previous syntheses have classified these according their strength association with psychosis. In this critical review we appraise the distinct overlapping mechanisms 25 key environmental psychosis, link mechanistic pathways that may contribute neurochemical alterations hypothesised underlie psychotic symptoms. We then discuss implications our findings future research, specifically considering interactions between factors, exploring universal subgroup-specific improving understanding temporality dynamics, standardising operationalisation measurement developing interventions targeting factors.

Язык: Английский

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Large, open datasets for human connectomics research: Considerations for reproducible and responsible data use

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 244, С. 118579 - 118579

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2021

Large, open datasets have emerged as important resources in the field of human connectomics. In this review, evolution data sharing involving magnetic resonance imaging is described. A summary challenges and progress conducting reproducible analyses provided, including description recent made development community guidelines recommendations, software management tools, initiatives to enhance training education. Finally, review concludes with a discussion ethical conduct relevant large, researcher's responsibility prevent further stigmatization historically marginalized racial ethnic groups. Moving forward, future work should include an enhanced emphasis on social determinants health, which may contextualize findings among diverse population-based samples. Leveraging date guided by interdisciplinary collaborations, connectomics promises be impressive era innovative research, yielding more inclusive understanding brain structure function.

Язык: Английский

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Psychosis in transgender and gender non-conforming individuals: A review of the literature and a call for more research

Psychiatry Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 306, С. 114272 - 114272

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Systematic review of pathways to care in the U.S. for Black individuals with early psychosis

Schizophrenia, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2021

Abstract The pathway to receiving specialty care for first episode psychosis (FEP) among Black youth in the US has received little attention despite documented challenges that negatively impact engagement and clinical outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of US-based research, reporting findings related experiences individuals with FEP their family members. A search PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase/Medline was performed no date restrictions up April 2021. Included studies had samples at least 75% and/or members or explicitly examined racial differences. Of 80 abstracts screened, 28 peer-reviewed articles met inclusion criteria. Studies were categorized into three categories: premordid prodromal phase, help-seeking experiences, duration untreated (DUP). Compounding factors such as trauma, substance use, structural barriers occur during premorbid contribute delays treatment initiation highlight limited use services traumatic childhood (e.g., sexual abuse). focused on demonstrated mental health potentially entry law enforcement), which is associated longer DUP. Although majority predictors DUP, suggests populations, there link between trauma impacts severity symptoms, treatment, present also identifies need more representative FEP.

Язык: Английский

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