Security implications of climate change: A decade of scientific progress

Journal of Peace Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 58(1), С. 3 - 17

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

The study of security implications climate change has developed rapidly from a nascent area academic inquiry into an important and thriving research field that traverses epistemological disciplinary boundaries. Here, we take stock scientific progress by benchmarking the latest decade empirical against seven core priorities collectively emphasized in 35 recent literature reviews. On basis this evaluation, discuss key contributions special issue. Overall, find community made strides specifying evaluating plausible indirect causal pathways between climatic conditions wide set conflict-related outcomes scope shape relationship. Contributions to issue push frontier further along these lines. Jointly, they demonstrate significant impacts on social unrest urban settings; point complexity climate–migration–unrest link; identify how agricultural production patterns conflict risk; investigate understudied relation change, such as interstate claims individual trust; relevance for user groups across academia beyond. We long-term gradual potential policy responses are remaining gaps should guide future research.

Язык: Английский

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The limits of migration as adaptation. A conceptual approach towards the role of immobility, disconnectedness and simultaneous exposure in translocal livelihoods systems

Climate and Development, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(2), С. 87 - 96

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Migration can strengthen adaptation to climate change. The potential of migration-as-adaptation builds on a world intensifying global mobility and connectedness the increasing possibility geographically spreading risks. But what if is impeded connectivity disrupted? And happens distant places face risks simultaneously due systemic character or multiplicity crises? This paper points fundamental gaps in research migration-as-adaptation, which largely neglects questions limits. It argues that an understanding limits needs address (1) migration as inherent feature social systems under stress, (2) unequal contested nature goals, (3) immobility, disconnectedness simultaneous exposure core mechanisms limit adaptive migration. proposes novel translocal-mobilities perspective multi-scalar, multi-local, relational intersectional dynamics migration-as-adaptation. formulates for adaptation. A comprehensive will help scientific community build more realistic scenarios change provide entry policies avoid reaching mitigate negative consequences.

Язык: Английский

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Translocal social resilience dimensions of migration as adaptation to environmental change

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024

There is growing recognition of the potential migration to contribute climate-change adaptation. Yet, there limited evidence what degree, under conditions, for whom, and with which limitations this effectively case. We argue that results from a lack systematic incorporation sociospatiality—the nested, networked, intersectional nature migration-as-adaptation. Our central objective utilize translocal social-resilience approach overcome these gaps, identify processes structures shape social resilience livelihood systems, illustrate mechanisms behind multiplicity possible outcomes. Translocal constellations anchored in rural Thailand as well domestic international destinations Thai migrants serve illustrative empirical cases. Data were gathered through multisited mixed-methods research design. This paper highlights role distinct but interlinked situations operational logics at places origin destination, different positionalities resulting vulnerabilities, roles, commitments, practices individuals households regard resilience. Based on results, distills generalized typology five broad categories outcomes, explicitly considers sociospatiality. helps grasp complexity migration-as-adaptation avoid simplistic conclusions about benefits costs adaptation—both are necessary sound, evidence-based, policymaking.

Язык: Английский

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Beyond internal conflict: The emergent practice of climate security

Journal of Peace Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 58(1), С. 186 - 194

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2020

The field of climate and security has matured over the past 15 years, moving from margins academic research policy discussion to become a more prominent concern for international community. practice broad set concerns extending beyond change armed conflict. Different national governments, organizations, forums have sought mainstream emphasizing variety challenges, including risks military bases, existential low-lying island countries, resource competition, humanitarian emergencies, shocks food security, migration, transboundary water management, unintended consequences policies. Despite greater awareness these risks, still lacks good insights about what do with concerns, particularly in ‘fragile’ states low capacity exclusive political institutions.

Язык: Английский

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Natural hazards, internal migration and protests in Bangladesh

Journal of Peace Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 58(1), С. 33 - 49

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Does internal migration following natural hazards increase the likelihood of protests in migrant-receiving areas? To address question, this study first looks at extent to which experiencing different forms contributes a household’s decision leave their district residence. In second step, article explores whether that flow increases number protest events migrant-hosting districts. doing so, it existing debate on impact social contention, and role as linking pathway relationship. The climate-related shocks may erode household assets therefore adaptive capacity ways can eventually influence decisions migrate larger urban centres. Although migrants are agents economical technological change, environments impose challenges recently arrived host communities, affecting motivations mobilization resources groups protest. As consequence, probability unrest these locations is expected increase. test this, I use geo-referenced household-level data from Bangladesh for period 2010–15, records households’ experiences hazard flows, available Integrated Household Survey. It combines with protests, derived Armed Conflict Location Event Data. Findings suggest flood combination loss migration, but unlike other types domestic mobility, hazard-related does not frequency migrants’ districts destination.

Язык: Английский

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First comes the river, then comes the conflict? A qualitative comparative analysis of flood-related political unrest

Journal of Peace Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 58(1), С. 83 - 97

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2020

Disasters triggered by natural hazards will increase in the future due to climate change, population growth, and more valuable assets located vulnerable areas. The impacts of disasters on political conflict have been subject broad academic public debates. Existing research has paid little attention links between disasters, small-scale conflicts, such as protests or riots. Floods are particularly relevant this context they most frequent costly contemporary disasters. However, remain understudied compared other specifically, droughts storms. We address these gaps focusing flood-related unrest 2015 2018 Africa, Asia, Middle East. Drawing data from Dartmouth Flood Observatory (DFO) Armed Conflict Location Event Dataset (ACLED), we find that occurs within two months after 24% 92 large flooding events recorded our sample. Subsequently, a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) shows simultaneous presence population, democratic regime, either exclusion ethnic groups power heavy impact flood is an important scope condition for onset unrest. This indicates disaster–conflict no means deterministic. Rather, contingent complex interactions multiple contextual factors.

Язык: Английский

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Weather, wheat, and war: Security implications of climate variability for conflict in Syria

Journal of Peace Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 58(1), С. 114 - 131

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

We examine how Syria’s local growing seasons and precipitation variability affected patterns of violence during the country’s civil war (2011–19). Among 272 subdistricts ( nahiyah), we study conflict events initiated by Assad regime or its allies, and, separately, other armed non-government groups (‘rebels’). Throughout war, to capture agriculture has been used regularly control valuable cropland harvests. Combatants also seek deny their adversaries access these resources deploying destroy agriculture. test hypothesis that was most likely due both motivations. Additionally, whether unusually dry conditions further elevated risk season months. A theory for why higher levels would occur is livelihood losses elevate incentives scarce crops facilitate recruitment militants sympathizers. find violent government rebel are more than times year. There evidence led an increase in government-initiated attacks over duration war. strongest relationship between deficits government- rebel-initiated later years Compared with our results, rainfall deviation estimates less consistent across models.

Язык: Английский

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Climatic and Environmental Change, Migration, and Health

Annual Review of Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 44(1), С. 171 - 191

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2022

The impacts of climate change, such as sea-level rise and extreme weather events, are expected to increase alter human migration mobility. Climate-related mobility is not inherently a crisis; it can provide pathway for adaptation change. However, growing body research identifies health risks some opportunities associated with climate-related This review examines recent (published since 2018) on the change-mobility-health nexus; this focuses largely in-country in Asia, Africa, Pacific Island countries. It considers links between anthropogenic change documents findings empirical that addresses consequences displacement, planned relocation, migration, into sites risk. highlight need climate-sensitive migrant-inclusive care heating world.

Язык: Английский

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Failing to attain sustainable development in Bangladesh: A potential comprehensive strategy for sustainability

Sustainable Development, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 31(4), С. 3086 - 3101

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023

Abstract The study analyzes the underlying reasons and ensuing consequences of Chattogram city's development in Bangladesh, which diverges from principles sustainable development. This research employs mixed‐method approaches incorporating primary data to achieve its objectives. is based on a survey, interview, author's experience, participatory observation city. Furthermore, it critically examines existing literature develop theoretical understanding environmental nexus. results indicate that expansion urbanization industrialization proceeding at rapid pace; however, occurring an uncoordinated unsustainable manner neglects protection. Consequently, falls short aligning with sustainability liable induce negative ramifications environment, human health, biodiversity, climate. pinpoints several factors contributing degradation, including mismanagement, non‐existence master plan, illiteracy, absence carbon emission objectives, haphazard urbanization. Importantly, issue has been exacerbated due inadequate focus developmental process. Therefore, findings this perspective required comprehend address degradation In addition, comprehensive strategy policy recommendations proposed are likely be efficacious curbing other developing cities.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating migration as successful adaptation to climate change: Trade-offs in well-being, equity, and sustainability

One Earth, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(6), С. 620 - 631

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

The role of migration as one potential adaptation to climate change is increasingly recognized, but little known about whether constitutes successful adaptation, under what conditions, and for whom. Based on a review emerging science, we propose that if it increases well-being, reduces inequality, promotes sustainability. Well-being, equity, sustainability represent entry points identifying trade-offs within across different social temporal scales could potentially undermine the success adaptation. We show assessment at various requires incorporation consequences such loss population in source areas, risk destination, material non-material flows economic synergies between destination. These dynamics evaluation criteria can help make visible tractable policy an effective option.

Язык: Английский

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