Physical activity and depression: Towards understanding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 107, С. 525 - 539

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Psychology, Science, and Knowledge Construction: Broadening Perspectives from the Replication Crisis

Annual Review of Psychology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 69(1), С. 487 - 510

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2018

Psychology advances knowledge by testing statistical hypotheses using empirical observations and data. The expectation is that most statistically significant findings can be replicated in new data laboratories, but practice many have less often than expected, leading to claims of a replication crisis. We review recent methodological literature on questionable research practices, meta-analysis, power analysis explain the apparently high rates failure replicate. Psychologists improve practices advance ways replicability. recommend researchers adopt open science conventions preregi-stration full disclosure efforts based multiple studies rather single attempt. call for more sophisticated analyses, careful consideration various influences effect sizes, complete nonsignificant as well findings.

Язык: Английский

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Is there a “metabolic-mood syndrome”? A review of the relationship between obesity and mood disorders

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 52, С. 89 - 104

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2015

Язык: Английский

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More than just noise: Inter-individual differences in fear acquisition, extinction and return of fear in humans - Biological, experiential, temperamental factors, and methodological pitfalls

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 80, С. 703 - 728

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Twenty years of ModelDB and beyond: building essential modeling tools for the future of neuroscience

Journal of Computational Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 42(1), С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2016

Язык: Английский

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Upregulating the positive affect system in anxiety and depression: Outcomes of a positive activity intervention

Depression and Anxiety, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 34(3), С. 267 - 280

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2017

Background Research suggests that the positive affect system may be an important yet underexplored treatment target in anxiety and depression. Existing interventions primarily negative system, yielding modest effects on measures of emotions associated outcomes (e.g., psychological well-being). The objective present pilot study was to evaluate efficacy a new transdiagnostic activity intervention (PAI) for Method Twenty-nine treatment-seeking individuals presenting with clinically impairing symptoms and/or depression were randomly allocated 10-session protocol comprised PAIs previously shown nonclinical samples improve thinking, emotions, behaviors gratitude, acts kindness, optimism; n = 16) or waitlist (WL) condition (n 13). Participants assessed at pre- posttreatment, as well 3- 6-month follow-up, affect, symptoms, well-being. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02330627 Results PAI group displayed significantly larger improvements well-being from posttreatment compared WL. Posttreatment follow-up scores comparable general population norms. regimen also resulted reductions Improvements across all large magnitude maintained over period. Conclusions Targeting through multicomponent beneficial generating well-being, reducing

Язык: Английский

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Data-driven biological subtypes of depression: systematic review of biological approaches to depression subtyping

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 24(6), С. 888 - 900

Опубликована: Март 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Gene × Environment Interactions: From Molecular Mechanisms to Behavior

Annual Review of Psychology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 68(1), С. 215 - 241

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2016

Gene-by-environment interactions (G×Es) can provide important biological insights into psychiatric disorders and may consequently have direct clinical implications. In this review, we begin with an overview of the major challenges G×E studies faced (e.g., difficulties replicating findings high false discovery rates). light these challenges, review focuses on describing examples in which might to understand G×Es molecular, cellular, circuit, behavioral level link interaction altered risk for development disorders. We also describe recent that utilize a polygenic approach examine G×Es. Finally, discuss how gaining deeper understanding translate therapeutic practice more targeted treatments.

Язык: Английский

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Right care, first time: a highly personalised and measurement‐based care model to manage youth mental health

The Medical Journal of Australia, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 211(S9)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2019

Mood and psychotic syndromes most often emerge during adolescence young adulthood, a period characterised by major physical social change. Consequently, the effects of adolescent-onset mood can have long term consequences. A key clinical challenge for youth mental health is to develop test new systems that align with current evidence comorbid presentations underlying neurobiology, are useful predicting outcomes guiding decisions regarding provision appropriate effective care. Our highly personalised measurement-based care model includes three core concepts: ▶ multidimensional assessment framework includes: occupational function; self-harm, suicidal thoughts behaviour; alcohol or other substance misuse; health; illness trajectory. Clinical stage. Three common subtypes (psychosis, anxious depression, bipolar spectrum) based on proposed pathophysiological mechanisms (neurodevelopmental, hyperarousal, circadian). The explicitly aims prevent progression more complex severe forms better aligned contemporary models patterns emergence psychopathology. Inherent within this approach incorporation evidence-based processes, including real-time as well utilisation multidisciplinary teams professionals. Data-driven local system modelling information technologies provide crucial infrastructure support these processes access to, higher quality, people. CHAPTER 1: MULTIDIMENSIONAL OUTCOMES IN YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH CARE: WHAT MATTERS AND WHY?: present one serious public challenges we face in 21st century. Factors prevalence, age onset, chronicity contribute substantial burden secondary risks such misuse. change; thus, We propose five domains which make up address specific needs people presenting services emerging illness. These include behaviours; type, stage Impairment concurrent morbidity established time they Despite this, professionals tend focus only aspect presentation - trajectory at odds preferences their families. There need disconnect between health, interventions, ensure focuses matter 2: COMBINING CLINICAL STAGE PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS TO UNDERSTAND ILLNESS TRAJECTORIES YOUNG PEOPLE WITH EMERGING MOOD PSYCHOTIC SYNDROMES: Traditional diagnostic classification disorders map poorly onto early stages experienced people, purport categorical distinctions not readily supported research into genetic, environmental neurobiological risk factors. presentations, consistent understanding utility This chapter outlines transdiagnostic classifying syndromes, combining two independent but complementary dimensions: staging, mechanisms. staging reflects line concept used general medicine, where advanced associated poorer prognosis intensive interventions risk-to-benefit ratio. neurodevelopmental abnormalities, hyperarousal circadian dysfunction, which, over time, trajectories (or pathways) psychosis, depression spectrum disorders, respectively. has been evaluated clinics University Sydney's Brain Mind Centre, alongside range objective measures. date provides framework, now exploring its application development 3: COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR HEALTH: GUIDING HIGHLY PERSONALISED MEASUREMENT-BASED CARE USING OBJECTIVE MEASURES: an urgent improved problems, particular those subthreshold sufficiently meet traditional criteria. New comprehensive frameworks needed capture biopsychosocial profile person drive measures involving domains: Objective include: neuropsychological sleep-wake behaviours rhythms; metabolic immune markers; brain structure function. recommended facilitate picture. help further informative novel insights guide plans. panel standard practice, while others secondarily deeper aim revealing alternative paths targeted treatments matched person. 4: PERSONALISING OPTIONS ASSESSMENT, STAGE, MECHANISMS, INDIVIDUAL GUIDE TREATMENT SELECTION: require be stage, individual trajectories. Narrow syndrome-focused classifications direct attention away from factors functional impairment, self-harm suicidality, misuse, poor health. By contrast, outline treatment selection intervention (ie, active indicated prevention strategies). experiences Centre's manage incorporates ▶A including: ▶Clinical ▶Three concepts mutually exclusive together may through stage-appropriate helps options. Given emphasis also respects fundamental developmental perspective categorising childhood problems (eg, anxiety difficulties) respecting fact biological transition. Based factors, social, psychological pharmacological recommended, balancing personal benefit-to-cost 5: SERVICE DELIVERY MODEL SUPPORT Over past decade, seen growing creating service delivery unique Australians. Recent policy directives Australian Government recommend adoption stepped-care improve appropriateness care, determined severity need. Here, enhances incorporating person's needs. It use quality of,

Язык: Английский

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Major Depressive Disorder and Oxidative Stress: A Review of Peripheral and Genetic Biomarkers According to Clinical Characteristics and Disease Stages

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(4), С. 942 - 942

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is currently the main cause of disability worldwide, but its pathophysiology remains largely unknown, especially given high heterogeneity in terms clinical phenotypes and biological characteristics. Accordingly, management still poor. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress, measured on various matrices such as serum, plasma or erythrocytes, has a critical role MDD. The aim this narrative review to identify erythrocyte biomarkers stress MDD patients according disease stage features. Sixty-three articles referenced PubMed Embase between 1 January 1991, 31 December 2022, were included. Modifications antioxidant enzymes (mainly glutathione peroxidase superoxide dismutase) highlighted. Non-enzymatic antioxidants uric acid) decreased depressed compared healthy controls. These changes associated with an increase reactive oxygen species. Therefore, increased damage products (principally malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl content 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine) present patients. Specific modifications could be identified stages Interestingly, antidepressant treatment corrected these changes. remission from depression, markers globally normalized. This particular interest for care may contribute provide opportunity find new therapeutic targets.

Язык: Английский

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