Gut microbiome-targeted therapies for Alzheimer’s disease

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(2)

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2023

The advent of high­throughput ‘omics’ technologies has improved our knowledge gut microbiome in human health and disease, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder. Frequent bidirectional communications mutual regulation exist between the gastrointestinal tract central nervous system through gut-brain axis. A large body research reported close association microbiota AD development, restoring healthy may curb or even improve symptoms progression. Thus, modulation become novel paradigm for clinical management AD, emerging effort focused on developing potential strategies preventing and/or treating disease. In this review, we provide an overview connection causal relationship dysbiosis mechanisms driving progression, successes challenges implementing available microbiome-targeted therapies (including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal transplantation) preventive therapeutic preclinical intervention studies AD. Finally, discuss future directions field.

Язык: Английский

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Implications of microbe-derived ɣ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in gut and brain barrier integrity and GABAergic signaling in Alzheimer’s disease

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024

The gut microbial ecosystem communicates bidirectionally with the brain in what is known as gut-microbiome-brain axis. Bidirectional signaling occurs through several pathways including via vagus nerve, circulation of metabolites, and immune activation. Alterations microbiota are implicated Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Perturbations communities may affect within axis altered production metabolites ɣ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), primary inhibitory mammalian neurotransmitter. GABA has been shown to act on integrity modulation mucins tight junction proteins be involved nerve signal inhibition. GABAergic pathway dysregulated AD, responsive interventions. Gut recent interest neurological disorders, AD. Bacteroides Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus, predominant producers GABA. This review highlights how temporal alterations associated AD pathway, intestinal barrier integrity, AD-associated inflammation.

Язык: Английский

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A modified Mediterranean-style diet enhances brain function via specific gut-microbiome-brain mechanisms

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating brain disorder with rapidly mounting prevalence worldwide, yet no proven AD cure has been discovered. Using multi-omics approach in transgenic mouse model, the current study demonstrated efficacy of modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diet (MkD) on AD-related neurocognitive pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms related to gut-microbiome-brain axis. The findings revealed that MkD induces profound shifts gut microbiome community microbial metabolites. Most notably, promoted growth Lactobacillus population, resulting increased bacteria-derived lactate production. We discovered elevated levels microbiome- diet-derived metabolites serum as well, signaling their influence brain. Importantly, these changes upregulated specific receptors have neuroprotective effects induced alternations neuroinflammatory-associated pathway profiles hippocampus. Additionally, displayed strong favorable co-regulation relationship gut-brain integrity inflammatory markers, well neurobehavioral outcomes. underscore ameliorative neurological function communication via modulation microbiome-metabolome arrays.

Язык: Английский

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Akkermansia muciniphila and its metabolite propionic acid maintains neuronal mitochondrial division and autophagy homeostasis during Alzheimer’s disease pathologic process via GPR41 and GPR43

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative (ND). In recent years, multiple clinical and animal studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. addition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced by intestinal microbiota metabolism been considered to important factors affecting central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. Among main mediators host-microbe interactions, volatile play crucial role. Nevertheless, influence pathways microorganisms their metabolites on remain uncertain. this study, we present distinctions blood fecal SCFA levels composition between healthy individuals those diagnosed with We found AD patients showed decrease abundance Akkermansia muciniphila propionic acid both blood. order further reveal effects mechanisms prevention, systematically explored administration model mice cultured hippocampal neuronal cells. Results oral propionate supplementation ameliorated cognitive impairment mice. Propionate downregulated fission protein (DRP1) via G-protein coupled receptor 41 (GPR41) enhanced PINK1/PARKIN-mediated mitophagy 43 (GPR43) pathophysiology which contribute maintaining homeostasis vivo vitro. Administered A. before onset improved cognition, division Taken together, our results demonstrate its metabolite protect against AD-like pathological events mouse models targeting homeostasis, making them promising therapeutic candidates for prevention treatment

Язык: Английский

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Advancements in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum : probiotic characteristics, gene editing technologies and applications

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 22

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

The exploration of microorganisms in fermented products has become a pivotal area scientific research, primarily due to their widespread availability and profound potential improve human health. Among these, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly known as Lactobacillus plantarum) stands out versatile lactic acid bacterium, prevalent across diverse ecological niches. Its appeal extends beyond its well-documented probiotic benefits include the remarkable plasticity genome, which captivated both industrial stakeholders. Despite this interest, substantial challenges persist fully understanding harnessing L. plantarum. This review aims illuminate attributes plantarum, consolidate current advancements gene editing technologies, explore multifaceted applications wild-type genetically engineered strains.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systemic Review

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(4), С. 1083 - 1083

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) are a group of conditions that affect the neurons in brain and spinal cord, leading to their degeneration eventually causing loss function affected areas. These can be caused by range factors, including genetics, environmental lifestyle choices. Major pathological signs these diseases protein misfolding, proteosomal dysfunction, aggregation, inadequate degradation, oxidative stress, free radical formation, mitochondrial dysfunctions, impaired bioenergetics, DNA damage, fragmentation Golgi apparatus neurons, disruption axonal transport, dysfunction neurotrophins (NTFs), neuroinflammatory or neuroimmune processes, neurohumoral symptoms. According recent studies, defects imbalances gut microbiota directly lead neurological through gut-brain axis. Probiotics ND recommended prevent cognitive which is major symptom diseases. Many vivo clinical trials have revealed probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus casei, etc.) effective candidates against progression ND. It has been proven inflammatory process stress modulated modifying with help probiotics. As result, this study provides an overview available data, bacterial variety, axis defects, probiotics’ mode action averting A literature search on particular sites, PubMed, Nature, Springer Link, identified articles might pertinent subject. The contains following few groups terms: (1) OR (2) disorders. outcomes aid elucidating relationship between effects different neurodegenerative This systematic review will assist discovering new treatments future, as generally safe cause mild side some cases human body.

Язык: Английский

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Lactiplantibacillus (Lactobacillus) plantarum as a Complementary Treatment to Improve Symptomatology in Neurodegenerative Disease: A Systematic Review of Open Access Literature

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(5), С. 3010 - 3010

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

This systematic review addresses the use of Lactiplantibacillus (Lactobacillus) plantarum in symptomatological intervention neurodegenerative disease. The existence gut microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with systemic inflammatory processes present disease, creating opportunity for new treatment strategies. involves modifying strains that constitute to enhance synaptic function through gut–brain axis. Recent studies have evaluated beneficial effects on motor and cognitive symptomatology, alone or combination. includes 20 research articles (n = 3 human n 17 animal models). main result this was combination produced improvements symptomatology related However, one included reported negative after administration plantarum. provides current relevant information about probiotic pathologies such as Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s disease Multiple Sclerosis.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics as modulators of gut-brain axis for cognitive development

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Various microbial communities reside in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and play an important role immunity, digestion, drug metabolism, intestinal integrity, protection from pathogens. Recent studies have revealed that gut microbiota (GM) is involved communication with brain, through a bidirectional network known as gut-brain axis. This involves humoral, immunological, endocrine, neural pathways. Gut dysbiosis negatively impacts these pathways, leading to neurological complications cognitive deficits. Both pre-clinical clinical demonstrated probiotics can restore healthy GM, reduce pH, inflammation pathogenic microbes gut. Additionally, improve cell-to-cell signaling increase blood-brain-derived neurotrophic factors. Probiotics emerge potential approach for preventing managing Despite promising findings, safety concerns possible risks probiotic usage must be closely monitored addressed. review article provides brief overview significance health.

Язык: Английский

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Psychobiotics and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Where Do We Go from Here?

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4), С. 634 - 634

Опубликована: Март 22, 2024

The bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiota and nervous system is known as microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). MGBA controls complex interactions brain, enteric system, gut-associated immune neuroendocrine systems, regulating key physiological functions such response, sleep, emotions mood, food intake, intestinal functions. Psychobiotics are considered tools with potential to modulate through preventive, adjunctive, or curative approaches, but their specific mechanisms of action on many aspects health yet be characterized. This narrative review perspectives article highlights paradigms needing attention scope probiotics applications in human increases, a growing body evidence supporting systemic beneficial effects. However, there limitations overcome before establishing extent which we can incorporate management neuropsychiatric disorders. Although this uses term general manner, it remains important study at strain level most cases.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the gut-brain Axis: Potential therapeutic impact of Psychobiotics on mental health

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 134, С. 111073 - 111073

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2024

One of the most challenging and controversial issues in microbiome research is related to gut microbial metabolism neuropsychological disorders. Psychobiotics affect human behavior central nervous system processes via gut-brain axis, involving neuronal, immune, metabolic pathways. They have therapeutic potential treatment several neurodegenerative neurodevelopmental disorders such as depression, anxiety, autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's schizophrenia, Huntington's anorexia nervosa, multiple sclerosis. However, mechanisms underlying interaction between psychobiotics abovementioned diseases need further exploration. This review focuses on relationship microbiota its impact neurological disorders, examining a preventive approach, summarising recent axis beneficial effects psychobiotics, highlighting for investigation this area.

Язык: Английский

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