Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9(10), С. e003217 - e003217
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2021
Immunotherapeutic
drugs
including
immune
checkpoint
blockade
antibodies
have
been
approved
to
treat
patients
in
many
types
of
cancers.
However,
some
little
or
no
reaction
the
immunotherapy
drugs.
The
mechanisms
underlying
resistance
tumor
are
complicated
and
involve
multiple
aspects,
tumor-intrinsic
factors,
formation
immunosuppressive
microenvironment,
alteration
stromal
cell
metabolism
microenvironment.
T
is
critical
participates
every
aspect
antitumor
response,
dysfunction
a
severe
barrier
for
effective
cancer.
Emerging
evidence
indicates
that
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
secreted
by
one
major
factors
can
induce
dysfunction.
Tumor-derived
EVs
widely
distributed
serum,
tissues,
microenvironment
with
cancer,
which
serve
as
important
communication
vehicles
cancer
cells.
In
addition,
tumor-derived
carry
variety
suppressive
signals
driving
immunity.
this
review,
we
explore
potential
employed
control
development
effector
function
within
Especially,
focus
on
current
understanding
how
molecularly
metabolically
reprogram
fates
functions
discuss
translations
targeting
reconstitute
develop
antigen-based
vaccines
drug
delivery
systems
immunotherapy.
Theranostics,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
11(8), С. 3996 - 4010
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021
Exosomes
are
nanosized
lipid
vesicles
originating
from
the
endosomal
system
that
carry
many
macromolecules
their
parental
cells
and
play
important
roles
in
intercellular
communication.
The
functions
underlying
mechanisms
of
exosomes
atherosclerosis
have
recently
been
intensively
studied.
In
this
review,
we
briefly
introduce
exosome
biology
then
focus
on
advances
atherosclerosis,
specifically
exosomal
changes
associated
with
cellular
origins
potential
functional
cargos,
detailed
impacts
recipient
cells.
We
also
discuss
as
biomarkers
drug
carriers
for
managing
atherosclerosis.
Drug Delivery and Translational Research,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(10), С. 2385 - 2402
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022
Abstract
Exosomes
are
extracellular
vesicles
secreted
by
a
variety
of
living
cells,
which
have
certain
degree
natural
targeting
as
nano-carriers.
Almost
all
exosomes
released
cells
will
eventually
enter
the
blood
circulation
or
be
absorbed
other
cells.
Under
action
content
sorting
mechanism,
some
specific
surface
molecules
can
expressed
on
exosomes,
such
tetraspanins
protein
and
integrin.
To
extent,
these
fuse
with
so
that
show
cell
targeting.
In
recent
years,
become
drug
delivery
system
low
immunogenicity,
high
biocompatibility
efficacy.
Nucleic
acids,
polypeptides,
lipids,
small
molecule
drugs
therapeutic
function
organically
loaded
into
then
transported
to
types
tissues
in
vivo,
especially
tumor
tissues,
achieve
delivery.
The
exosome
has
been
found
recognized
studies,
but
there
still
many
challenges
effective
clinical
treatments.
use
alone
is
incapable
accurately
transporting
goods
sites.
Besides,
an
open
question
disease
efficient
gene/chemotherapy
combined
therapy.
Engineering
transformation
modification
optimize
its
deliver
location,
providing
wide
treatment.
This
review
summarizes
research
progress
exosomal
strategy
obtained
after
transformation.
mechanism
also
reviewed.
potential
value
application
discussed.
Graphical
abstract
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Июль 13, 2023
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
including
exosomes,
with
nanoscale
sizes,
biological
origins,
various
functions,
and
unique
lipid
protein
compositions
have
been
introduced
as
versatile
tools
for
diagnostic
therapeutic
medical
applications.
Numerous
studies
reported
the
importance
of
composition
EVs
its
influence
on
their
mechanism
action.
For
example,
changes
in
lipidomic
profile
shown
to
progression
diseases,
ovarian
malignancies
prostate
cancer.
In
this
review,
we
endeavored
examine
differences
content
EV
membranes
derived
from
different
cell
types
characterize
capabilities
treatments
diseases
like
cancer
Alzheimer's
disease.
We
additionally
discuss
designing
functionalized
vesicles,
whether
synthetically
by
hybrid
methods
or
changing
natural
EVs.
Lastly,
provide
an
overview
current
potential
biomedical
applications
perspectives
future
growing
field.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(1)
Опубликована: Май 20, 2023
Abstract
Background
Plant-derived
exosomes-like
nanovesicles
(PDENs)
have
been
found
to
be
advantageous
in
disease
treatment
and
drug
delivery,
but
research
on
their
biogenesis,
compositional
analysis,
key
marker
proteins
is
still
its
infancy,
which
limits
the
standardized
production
of
PDENs.
Efficient
preparation
PDENs
continues
a
major
challenge.
Results
Novel
PDENs-based
chemotherapeutic
immune
modulators,
Catharanthus
roseus
(L.)
Don
leaves-derived
exosome-like
(CLDENs)
were
isolated
from
apoplastic
fluid.
CLDENs
membrane
structured
vesicles
with
particle
size
75.51
±
10.19
nm
surface
charge
−21.8
mV.
exhibited
excellent
stability,
tolerating
multiple
enzymatic
digestions,
resisting
extreme
pH
environments,
remaining
stable
gastrointestinal
simulating
Biodistribution
experiments
showed
that
could
internalized
by
cells,
targeted
at
organs
after
intraperitoneal
injection.
The
lipidomic
analysis
revealed
CLDENs’
special
lipid
composition,
contained
36.5%
ether-phospholipids.
Differential
proteomics
supported
origin
multivesicular
bodies,
six
identified
for
first
time.
60
~
240
μg/ml
promoted
polarization
phagocytosis
macrophages
as
well
lymphocyte
proliferation
vitro.
Administration
20
mg/kg
alleviated
white
blood
cell
reduction
bone
marrow
cycle
arrest
immunosuppressive
mice
induced
cyclophosphamide.
strongly
stimulated
secretion
TNF-α,
activated
NF-κB
signal
pathway
increased
expression
hematopoietic
function-related
transcription
factor
PU.1
both
vitro
vivo.
To
ensure
steady
supply
CLDENs,
plant
culture
systems
C.
established
provide
CLDENs-like
had
similar
physical
properties
biological
activities.
Gram-level
successfully
obtained
medium,
yield
was
three
times
high
original.
Conclusions
Our
supports
use
nano-biomaterial
stability
biocompatibility,
post-chemotherapy
adjuvant
therapy
applications.
Graphical
Abstract
In
recent
decades,
research
on
Extracellular
Vesicles
(EVs)
has
gained
prominence
in
the
life
sciences
due
to
their
critical
roles
both
health
and
disease
states,
offering
promising
applications
diagnosis,
drug
delivery,
therapy.
However,
inherent
heterogeneity
complex
origins
pose
significant
challenges
preparation,
analysis,
subsequent
clinical
application.
This
review
is
structured
provide
an
overview
of
biogenesis,
composition,
various
sources
EVs,
thereby
laying
groundwork
for
a
detailed
discussion
contemporary
techniques
preparation
analysis.
Particular
focus
given
state‐of‐the‐art
technologies
that
employ
microfluidic
non‐microfluidic
platforms
EV
processing.
Furthermore,
this
discourse
extends
into
innovative
approaches
incorporate
artificial
intelligence
cutting‐edge
electrochemical
sensors,
with
particular
emphasis
single
proposes
current
outlines
prospective
avenues
future
research.
The
objective
motivate
researchers
innovate
expand
methods
analysis
fully
unlocking
biomedical
potential.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025
Abstract
Diet
has
emerged
as
a
key
impact
factor
for
gut
microbiota
function.
However,
the
complexity
of
dietary
components
makes
it
difficult
to
predict
specific
outcomes.
Here
we
investigate
plant-derived
nanoparticles
(PNP)
on
and
metabolites
in
context
cancer
immunotherapy
with
humanized
gnotobiotic
mouse
model.
Specifically,
show
that
ginger-derived
exosome-like
nanoparticle
(GELN)
preferentially
taken
up
by
Lachnospiraceae
Lactobacillaceae
mediated
digalactosyldiacylglycerol
(DGDG)
glycine,
respectively.
We
further
demonstrate
GELN
aly-miR159a-3p
enhances
anti-PD-L1
therapy
melanoma
inhibiting
expression
recipient
bacterial
phospholipase
C
(PLC)
increases
accumulation
docosahexaenoic
acid
(DHA).
An
increased
level
circulating
DHA
inhibits
PD-L1
tumor
cells
binding
promoter
subsequently
prevents
c-myc-initiated
transcription
PD-L1.
Colonization
germ-free
male
mice
bacteria
from
non-responding
patients
supplemented
efficacy
compared
controls.
Our
findings
reveal
previously
unknown
mechanistic
PNP
human
modulating
metabolic
pathways.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(23), С. 15317 - 15317
Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2022
Cells
have
the
ability
to
communicate
with
their
immediate
and
distant
neighbors
through
release
of
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs).
EVs
facilitate
intercellular
signaling
packaging
specific
cargo
in
all
type
cells,
perturbations
EV
biogenesis,
sorting,
uptake
is
basis
a
number
disorders.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
recent
advances
complex
roles
sphingolipid
ceramide
lysosomes
journey
biogenesis
uptake.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14(7), С. 1698 - 1698
Опубликована: Март 27, 2022
Exosomes
are
crucial
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
with
a
diameter
of
approximately
30–200
nm.
They
released
by
most
cell
types
in
their
milieu
and
carry
various
biomolecules,
including
proteins
nucleic
acids.
increasingly
studied
diseases,
cancer,
due
to
role
local
distant
cell–cell
communication
which
they
can
promote
tumor
growth,
cancer
progression,
metastasis.
Interestingly,
tremendous
number
exosomes
is
malignant
cells,
these
then
taken
up
autologous
heterologous
recipient
stromal
cells
such
as
immune
stem
endothelial
cells.
All
events
demand
an
enormous
amount
energy
require
that
remain
stable
while
having
the
capacity
reach
sites
cross
physical
barriers.
Nevertheless,
there
dearth
research
pertaining
sources
exosomes,
questions
about
how
maintain
motility
microenvironment
(TME)
beyond.
Moreover,
produce
adenosine
triphosphate
(ATP),
important
molecule
required
all
mitochondria
have
been
identified
one
exosomal
cargoes.
These
findings
strengthen
prospect
via
transfer
bioenergetics
target
In
TME,
accumulation
ATP
lactate
may
facilitate
entry
into
metastasis,
well
help
at
site.
This
review
highlights
obtain
sufficient
thrive
TME
communicate
physiological
destinations.
