Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2022
Epilepsy
is
a
common
neurological
disease,
and
excessive
mitophagy
considered
as
one
of
the
major
triggers
epilepsy.
Mitophagy
crucial
pathway
affecting
reactive
oxygen
species.
Phosphoglycerate
mutase
5
(PGAM5)
protein
phosphatase
present
in
mitochondria
that
regulates
many
biological
processes
including
cell
death.
However,
mechanism
PGAM5
epilepsy
remains
unclear.
The
purpose
study
was
to
examine
whether
affects
through
PTEN-induced
putative
kinase
1
(PINK1)-mediated
mitophagy.
After
knockdown
expression
by
adeno-associated
virus,
an
model
created
kainic
acid.
Next,
seizure
activity
recorded
local
field
potentials
before
evaluating
level
mitochondrial
autophagy
marker
proteins.
Lastly,
ultrastructure
mitochondria,
neuronal
damage
oxidative
stress
levels
were
further
observed.
A
higher
found
epilepsy,
its
cellular
localization
neurons.
interactions
between
PINK1
found.
PGAM5,
light
chain
3B
decreased
translocase
inner
membrane
23
outer
20
both
increased.
Knockdown
also
resulted
reduced
damage,
malondialdehyde
levels,
species
production
increased
superoxide
dismutase
activity.
In
addition,
duration
spontaneous
seizure-like
events
(SLEs),
number
SLEs
time
spent
all
after
inhibition
expression.
Inhibition
reduces
seizures
via
inhibiting
PINK1-mediated
Advanced Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Abstract
This
article
provides
an
overview
of
the
advancements
in
application
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT)
treating
diseases
related
to
intestinal
dysbiosis.
FMT
involves
transfer
healthy
donor
into
patient's
body,
aiming
restore
balance
and
thereby
treat
a
variety
such
as
recurrent
Clostridioides
difficile
infection
(rCDI),
inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD),
constipation,
short
syndrome
(SBS),
irritable
(IBS).
While
has
shown
high
efficacy
treatment
rCDI,
further
research
is
needed
for
its
other
chronic
conditions.
elaborates
on
mechanisms
dysbiosis,
well
discusses
key
factors
influencing
effectiveness
FMT,
including
selection,
recipient
characteristics,
protocols,
methods
assessing
microbiota.
Additionally,
it
emphasizes
successful
FMT.
Future
should
focus
optimizing
process
ensure
long‐term
safety
explore
potential
broader
range
medical
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2023
Epilepsy
is
a
group
of
enduring
neurological
disorder
characterized
by
spontaneous
and
recurrent
seizures
with
heterogeneous
etiology,
clinical
expression,
severity,
prognosis.
Growing
body
research
investigates
that
epileptic
are
originated
from
neuronal
synchronized
excessive
electrical
activity.
However,
the
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
epileptogenesis
have
not
yet
been
fully
elucidated
30%
patients
still
resistant
to
currently
available
pharmacological
treatments
throughout
life.
Over
past
two
decades
years
accumulated
evidences
provide
strong
support
hypothesis
neuroinflammation,
including
microglia
astrocytes
activation,
cascade
inflammatory
mediator
releasing,
peripheral
immune
cells
infiltration
blood
into
brain,
associated
epileptogenesis.
Meanwhile,
an
increasing
preclinical
researches
reveal
anti-inflammatory
therapeutics
targeting
crucial
components
effective
promising
in
treatment
epilepsy.
The
aim
present
study
highlight
current
understanding
potential
neuroinflammatory
therapeutic
targets
against
seizures.
Abstract
The
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
is
the
most
delicate
in
human
body,
with
complex
structure
and
function.
It
vulnerable
to
trauma,
infection,
neurodegeneration
autoimmune
diseases,
activates
immune
system.
An
appropriate
inflammatory
response
contributes
defence
against
invading
microbes,
whereas
an
excessive
can
aggravate
tissue
damage.
NLRP3
inflammasome
was
first
one
studied
brain.
Once
primed
activated,
it
completes
assembly
of
(sensor
NLRP3,
adaptor
ASC,
effector
caspase-1),
leading
caspase-1
activation
increased
release
downstream
cytokines,
as
well
pyroptosis.
Cumulative
studies
have
confirmed
that
plays
important
role
regulating
innate
immunity
its
inhibitors
shown
good
efficacy
animal
models
various
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
will
briefly
discuss
biological
characteristics
inflammasome,
summarize
recent
advances
clinical
impact
infectious,
inflammatory,
immune,
degenerative,
genetic,
vascular
diseases
CNS,
potential
challenges
a
therapeutic
target
for
CNS
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
30(3)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2024
Abstract
Background
Epilepsy
is
a
widespread
and
chronic
disease
of
the
central
nervous
system
caused
by
variety
factors.
Mitochondrial
ferritin
(FtMt)
refers
to
located
within
mitochondria
that
may
protect
neurons
against
oxidative
stress
binding
excess
free
iron
ions
in
cytoplasm.
However,
potential
role
FtMt
epilepsy
remains
unclear.
We
aimed
investigate
whether
its
related
mechanisms
can
regulate
modulating
ferroptosis.
Methods
Three
weeks
after
injection
adeno‐associated
virus
(AAV)
skull
adult
male
C57BL/6
mice,
kainic
acid
(KA)
was
injected
into
hippocampus
induce
seizures.
Primary
hippocampal
were
transfected
with
siRNA
using
glutamate‐mediated
model.
After
specific
treatments,
Western
blot
analysis,
immunofluorescence,
EEG
recording,
transmission
electron
microscopy,
staining,
silver
Nissl
staining
performed.
Results
At
different
time
points
KA
injection,
expression
protein
mice
showed
varying
degrees
increase.
Knockdown
gene
AAV
resulted
an
increase
intracellular
levels
decrease
function
transport‐related
proteins,
promoting
neuronal
ferroptosis
exacerbating
epileptic
brain
activity
seizure
mice.
Additionally,
increasing
level
achieved
AAV‐mediated
upregulation
nuclear
factor
erythroid
2‐related
2
(
Nrf2
)
Conclusions
In
epilepsy,
modulates
involving
be
therapeutic
mechanism
injury
epilepsy.
Targeting
this
relevant
process
for
treatment
strategy
prevent
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 26
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025
The
food
industry
has
been
focusing
on
bioactive
compounds
with
multiple
physiological
and
immunological
properties
that
benefit
human
health.
These
compounds,
including
polyphenols,
flavonoids,
terpenoids,
have
great
potential
to
limit
inflammatory
responses
especially
NLRP3
inflammasome
activation,
which
is
a
key
innate
immune
platform
for
inflammation.
Current
studies
revealed
numerous
promising
activities
unraveling
metabolic
disorders
excessive
by
directly
indirectly
regulating
the
activation.
This
review
explores
hazards,
microbial
abiotic
factors,
may
trigger
NLRP3-mediated
illnesses
It
also
highlights
in
can
suppress
activation
through
various
mechanisms,
linking
its
inhibition
different
pathways.
Especially,
this
provided
further
insight
into
NLRP3-related
targets
where
interact
block
process,
as
well
mechanisms
how
these
facilitate
inactivation
processes.
ACS Chemical Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
Epilepsy
is
a
chronic
neurological
disorder
caused
by
abnormal
discharges
of
neurons
in
the
brain,
which
seriously
affects
quality
life
patients.
Although
there
are
various
drug
treatments
available,
many
epilepsy
patients
still
experience
seizures
with
effect
drugs
and
develop
refractory
epilepsy.
The
ketogenic
diet
can
treat
drug-refractory
regulating
body's
metabolism
enhance
improving
their
cognition,
behavior,
sleep
quality.
However,
no
unified
conclusion
on
mechanism
through
plays
therapeutic
role
This
article
provides
review
possible
mechanisms
how
exerts
protective
Cellular and Molecular Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 13, 2025
Abstract
Neuroinflammation
plays
an
important
role
in
the
pathogenesis
of
various
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
diseases.
The
NLRP3
inflammasome
is
intracellular
multiprotein
complex
composed
innate
immune
receptor
NLRP3,
adaptor
protein
ASC,
and
protease
caspase-1.
activation
can
induce
pyroptosis
release
proinflammatory
cytokines
IL-1β
IL-18,
thus
playing
a
inflammatory
responses.
Recent
studies
have
revealed
that
activated
brain
to
neuroinflammation,
leading
further
neuronal
damage
functional
impairment,
contributes
pathological
process
neurological
diseases,
such
as
multiple
sclerosis,
Parkinson’s
disease,
Alzheimer’s
stroke.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
neuroinflammation
course
CNS
diseases
discuss
potential
approaches
target
for
treatment
