International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(11), P. 5866 - 5866
Published: May 28, 2024
Dietary
supplementation
with
n-3
polyunsaturated
fatty
acids
(PUFA)
has
been
found
to
be
beneficial
in
rodent
rheumatoid
arthritis
models
and
human
trials.
However,
the
molecular
targets
of
PUFAs
their
effects
on
are
under-researched.
Free
acid
receptor
4
(FFA4,
also
known
as
GPR120)
is
a
for
PUFA.
We
aim
investigate
whether
FFA4
activation
reduces
collagen-induced
(CIA)
by
using
an
agonist,
compound
A
(CpdA),
combination
DBA-1J
Ffa4
gene
wild-type
(WT)
knock-out
(KO)
mice.
CIA
induced
increase
score,
foot
edema,
synovial
hyperplasia,
pannus
formation,
proteoglycan
loss,
cartilage
damage,
bone
erosion,
whereas
administration
CpdA
significantly
suppressed
those
increases
WT
mice
but
not
KO
increased
mRNA
expression
levels
pro-inflammatory
Th1/Th17
cytokines,
imbalance
between
Treg
cells,
rebalanced
them
spleens
from
In
SW982
reduced
LPS-induced
cytokine
levels.
summary,
present
results
suggest
that
immune
cells
could
suppress
characteristics
adjuvant
therapy.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
Abstract
This
article
provides
an
overview
of
the
advancements
in
application
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT)
treating
diseases
related
to
intestinal
dysbiosis.
FMT
involves
transfer
healthy
donor
into
patient's
body,
aiming
restore
balance
and
thereby
treat
a
variety
such
as
recurrent
Clostridioides
difficile
infection
(rCDI),
inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD),
constipation,
short
syndrome
(SBS),
irritable
(IBS).
While
has
shown
high
efficacy
treatment
rCDI,
further
research
is
needed
for
its
other
chronic
conditions.
elaborates
on
mechanisms
dysbiosis,
well
discusses
key
factors
influencing
effectiveness
FMT,
including
selection,
recipient
characteristics,
protocols,
methods
assessing
microbiota.
Additionally,
it
emphasizes
successful
FMT.
Future
should
focus
optimizing
process
ensure
long‐term
safety
explore
potential
broader
range
medical
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Dec. 22, 2023
Epilepsy
is
a
group
of
enduring
neurological
disorder
characterized
by
spontaneous
and
recurrent
seizures
with
heterogeneous
etiology,
clinical
expression,
severity,
prognosis.
Growing
body
research
investigates
that
epileptic
are
originated
from
neuronal
synchronized
excessive
electrical
activity.
However,
the
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
epileptogenesis
have
not
yet
been
fully
elucidated
30%
patients
still
resistant
to
currently
available
pharmacological
treatments
throughout
life.
Over
past
two
decades
years
accumulated
evidences
provide
strong
support
hypothesis
neuroinflammation,
including
microglia
astrocytes
activation,
cascade
inflammatory
mediator
releasing,
peripheral
immune
cells
infiltration
blood
into
brain,
associated
epileptogenesis.
Meanwhile,
an
increasing
preclinical
researches
reveal
anti-inflammatory
therapeutics
targeting
crucial
components
effective
promising
in
treatment
epilepsy.
The
aim
present
study
highlight
current
understanding
potential
neuroinflammatory
therapeutic
targets
against
seizures.
Cell & Bioscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: June 7, 2024
Abstract
The
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
is
the
most
delicate
in
human
body,
with
complex
structure
and
function.
It
vulnerable
to
trauma,
infection,
neurodegeneration
autoimmune
diseases,
activates
immune
system.
An
appropriate
inflammatory
response
contributes
defence
against
invading
microbes,
whereas
an
excessive
can
aggravate
tissue
damage.
NLRP3
inflammasome
was
first
one
studied
brain.
Once
primed
activated,
it
completes
assembly
of
(sensor
NLRP3,
adaptor
ASC,
effector
caspase-1),
leading
caspase-1
activation
increased
release
downstream
cytokines,
as
well
pyroptosis.
Cumulative
studies
have
confirmed
that
plays
important
role
regulating
innate
immunity
its
inhibitors
shown
good
efficacy
animal
models
various
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
will
briefly
discuss
biological
characteristics
inflammasome,
summarize
recent
advances
clinical
impact
infectious,
inflammatory,
immune,
degenerative,
genetic,
vascular
diseases
CNS,
potential
challenges
a
therapeutic
target
for
CNS
Abstract
Background
Epilepsy
is
a
widespread
and
chronic
disease
of
the
central
nervous
system
caused
by
variety
factors.
Mitochondrial
ferritin
(FtMt)
refers
to
located
within
mitochondria
that
may
protect
neurons
against
oxidative
stress
binding
excess
free
iron
ions
in
cytoplasm.
However,
potential
role
FtMt
epilepsy
remains
unclear.
We
aimed
investigate
whether
its
related
mechanisms
can
regulate
modulating
ferroptosis.
Methods
Three
weeks
after
injection
adeno‐associated
virus
(AAV)
skull
adult
male
C57BL/6
mice,
kainic
acid
(KA)
was
injected
into
hippocampus
induce
seizures.
Primary
hippocampal
were
transfected
with
siRNA
using
glutamate‐mediated
model.
After
specific
treatments,
Western
blot
analysis,
immunofluorescence,
EEG
recording,
transmission
electron
microscopy,
staining,
silver
Nissl
staining
performed.
Results
At
different
time
points
KA
injection,
expression
protein
mice
showed
varying
degrees
increase.
Knockdown
gene
AAV
resulted
an
increase
intracellular
levels
decrease
function
transport‐related
proteins,
promoting
neuronal
ferroptosis
exacerbating
epileptic
brain
activity
seizure
mice.
Additionally,
increasing
level
achieved
AAV‐mediated
upregulation
nuclear
factor
erythroid
2‐related
2
(
Nrf2
)
Conclusions
In
epilepsy,
modulates
involving
be
therapeutic
mechanism
injury
epilepsy.
Targeting
this
relevant
process
for
treatment
strategy
prevent
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 26
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
The
food
industry
has
been
focusing
on
bioactive
compounds
with
multiple
physiological
and
immunological
properties
that
benefit
human
health.
These
compounds,
including
polyphenols,
flavonoids,
terpenoids,
have
great
potential
to
limit
inflammatory
responses
especially
NLRP3
inflammasome
activation,
which
is
a
key
innate
immune
platform
for
inflammation.
Current
studies
revealed
numerous
promising
activities
unraveling
metabolic
disorders
excessive
by
directly
indirectly
regulating
the
activation.
This
review
explores
hazards,
microbial
abiotic
factors,
may
trigger
NLRP3-mediated
illnesses
It
also
highlights
in
can
suppress
activation
through
various
mechanisms,
linking
its
inhibition
different
pathways.
Especially,
this
provided
further
insight
into
NLRP3-related
targets
where
interact
block
process,
as
well
mechanisms
how
these
facilitate
inactivation
processes.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(10), P. 2825 - 2825
Published: Oct. 18, 2023
Neuroinflammation
represents
a
dynamic
process
of
defense
and
protection
against
the
harmful
action
infectious
agents
or
other
detrimental
stimuli
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS).
However,
uncontrolled
regulation
this
physiological
is
strongly
associated
with
serious
dysfunctional
neuronal
issues
linked
to
progression
CNS
disorders.
Moreover,
it
has
been
widely
demonstrated
that
neuroinflammation
epilepsy,
one
most
prevalent
brain
disorders
worldwide.
Indeed,
NLRP3,
well-studied
inflammasomes,
involved
generation
epileptic
seizures,
events
characterize
pathological
condition.
In
context,
several
pieces
evidence
have
shown
NLRP3
inflammasome
plays
role
pathophysiology
mesial
temporal
lobe
epilepsy
(mTLE).
Based
on
an
extensive
review
literature
NLRP3-dependent
inflammation
we
discuss
our
current
understanding
connection
between
activation
progressive
neurodegeneration
epilepsy.
The
goal
cover
as
many
various
known
models
possible,
providing
broad
overview
literature.
Lastly,
also
propose
some
present
therapeutic
strategies
targeting
aiming
provide
potential
insights
for
future
studies.
