Multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
is
a
complex
autoimmune
disorder
of
the
CNS
that
affects
millions
people
worldwide.
The
causes
disease
remain
unknown
despite
extensive
efforts
to
understand
it.
CircRNAs
are
unique
class
endogenous
non-coding
RNA
abundant,
stable,
conserved,
and
specifically
expressed
molecules,
making
them
promising
biomarker
diseases.
This
review
investigates
role
circRNA
in
MS
pathogenicity
their
potential
as
through
comprehensive
literature
search
conducted
8
scientific
databases.
studies
found
there
differentially
circRNAs
patients
compared
healthy
controls
(HC),
this
difference
even
more
pronounced
different
subtypes.
Enrichment
linkage
disequilibrium
(LD)
blocks
harbor
MS-associated
SNPs
suggests
these
manipulate
levels
surrounding
area,
contributing
pathogenicity.
While
shows
promise
an
indicator
or
for
pathology,
further
research
needed
fully
explore
its
impact
on
human
biology.
Fluids and Barriers of the CNS,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
21(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2024
Cognitive
decline
covers
a
broad
spectrum
of
disorders,
not
only
resulting
from
brain
diseases
but
also
systemic
diseases,
which
seriously
influence
the
quality
life
and
expectancy
patients.
As
highly
selective
anatomical
functional
interface
between
circulation,
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
plays
pivotal
role
in
maintaining
homeostasis
normal
function.
The
pathogenesis
underlying
cognitive
may
vary,
nevertheless,
accumulating
evidences
support
BBB
disruption
as
most
prevalent
contributing
factor.
This
mainly
be
attributed
to
inflammation,
metabolic
dysfunction,
cell
senescence,
oxidative/nitrosative
stress
excitotoxicity.
However,
direct
evidence
showing
that
causes
is
scarce,
interestingly,
manipulation
opening
alone
exert
beneficial
or
detrimental
neurological
effects.
A
overview
present
literature
shows
close
relationship
decline,
risk
factors
disruption,
well
cellular
molecular
mechanisms
disruption.
Additionally,
we
discussed
possible
leading
by
potential
therapeutic
strategies
prevent
enhance
repair.
review
aims
foster
more
investigations
on
early
diagnosis,
effective
therapeutics,
rapid
restoration
against
would
yield
better
outcomes
patients
with
dysregulated
function,
although
their
causative
has
yet
been
completely
established.
Metabolic Brain Disease,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
40(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2025
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
a
neurodegenerative
that
primarily
affects
the
elderly
population
and
leading
cause
of
dementia.
Meanwhile,
vascular
hypothesis
suggests
damage
occurs
in
early
stages
disease,
to
neurodegeneration
hindered
waste
clearance,
which
turn
triggers
series
events
including
accumulation
amyloid
plaques
Tau
protein
tangles.
Non-coding
RNAs
(ncRNAs),
long
noncoding
(lncRNAs),
microRNAs
(miRNAs),
circular
(circRNAs),
have
been
found
be
involved
regulation
AD.
Furthermore,
lncRNAs
circRNAs
can
act
as
competitive
endogenous
inhibit
miRNAs,
their
interactions
form
complex
regulatory
network.
Exosomes,
are
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
believed
able
transfer
ncRNAs
between
cells,
thus
playing
role
brain
by
crossing
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB).
Exosomes
part
intercellular
carrier
system;
therefore,
utilizing
exosomes
deliver
drugs
recipient
cells
might
not
activate
immune
system,
making
it
potential
strategy
treat
central
nervous
system
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
review
AD
multifactorial
neurological
regulate
its
multiple
pathogenic
mechanisms
improve
our
understanding
etiology
simultaneously
through
binding
treatment
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2023
Iron,
as
the
most
abundant
metallic
element
within
human
organism,
is
an
indispensable
ion
for
sustaining
life
and
assumes
a
pivotal
role
in
governing
glucose
lipid
metabolism,
along
with
orchestrating
inflammatory
responses.
The
presence
of
diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
can
induce
aberrant
iron
accumulation
corporeal
system.
Consequentially,
overload
precipitates
sequence
important
adversities,
subsequently
setting
motion
domino
effect
wherein
ferroptosis
emerges
utmost
pernicious
outcome.
Ferroptosis,
emerging
variant
non-apoptotic
regulated
cell
death,
operates
independently
caspases
GSDMD.
It
distinguishes
itself
from
alternative
forms
controlled
death
through
distinctive
morphological
biochemical
attributes.
Its
principal
hallmark
resides
pathological
accrual
intracellular
concomitant
generation
iron-driven
peroxides.
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR),
established
predominant
cause
adult
blindness,
wields
profound
influence
over
well-being
psychosocial
strain
experienced
by
afflicted
individuals.
Presently,
abundance
research
endeavors
has
ascertained
pervasive
engagement
microangiopathy
inherent
to
DR.
Evidently,
judicious
management
early
stages
DR
bears
potential
considerably
decelerate
disease
progression.
Within
this
discourse,
we
undertake
comprehensive
exploration
regulatory
mechanisms
homeostasis
ferroptosis.
Furthermore,
expound
upon
subsequent
detriments
induced
their
dysregulation.
Concurrently,
elucidate
intricate
interplay
linking
overload,
ferroptosis,
Delving
deeper,
engage
deliberation
regarding
strategies
modulate
influence,
thereby
effecting
prospective
interventions
trajectory
DR's
advancement
or
employing
them
therapeutic
modalities.
Brain Research Bulletin,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 111240 - 111240
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Methotrexate
(MTX)
is
a
commonly
used
chemotherapy
drug,
yet
its
late
neurotoxic
side
effects
are
gaining
attention.
The
aim
of
the
study
was
to
evaluate
role
miR-155
in
pathogenesis
MTX-induced
cognitive
impairment,
mainly
focused
on
interplay
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
integrity
and
MTX
toxicity.
We
use
young
rat
model
mimicking
children
leukemia
treatment
protocol,
focusing
systemic
effect
central
nervous
system
by
intraperitoneal
(IP)
injection.
function
evaluated
Morris
Water
Maze
test
BBB
accessed
cortex
permeability
test.
Tight
junction
proteins
expression
were
also
examined.
Finally,
we
tested
whether
anti-miR155
pretreatment
can
reversed
effect.
found
increased
plasma
at
24hr
after
IP
treatment.
Besides,
resulted
impaired
learning
acquisition,
which
be
Furthermore,
brain
tight
changed
MTX.
revealed
protective
current
for
development
impairment.
induce
significant
related
disruption
integrity.
plays
vital
regulation
through
maintenance
Abstract
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
play
pivotal
role
as
biomarkers
for
various
diseases,
with
salivary
miRNAs
offering
a
non‐invasive
diagnostic
tool.
For
mild
traumatic
brain
injury
(mTBI),
like
miR‐let7a,
miR‐21,
and
miR‐30e
show
promise
early
detection
of
subtle
injuries
lacking
reliable
indicators.
To
advance
the
mTBI‐related
miRNAs,
this
study
integrates
anti‐miRNA
miRNA
hybridization‐based
sensing
development
nanoscale
covalent‐organic
framework
(COF)
platform.
COFs,
their
highly
customizable
structures,
large
surface
area,
biocompatibility,
serve
versatile
foundation
biosensing
applications.
Here,
post‐synthetic
modification
(PSM)
COFs
is
introduced
essential
covalent
conjugation
streptavidin
further
immobilization
methylene
blue‐labeled
biotinylated
Anti‐miRNAs.
Furthermore,
layer‐by‐layer
assembly
conductive
polymers
enhanced
biosensor's
electrical
performance,
enabling
ultrasensitive
multiplexed
miRNAs.
Validated
samples
from
mixed
martial
arts
participants
confirmed
by
polymerase
chain
reaction
(PCR),
COF‐based
platform
demonstrates
robust
accuracy
reliability.
By
combining
COF
functionalization
advanced
electrode
design,
it
offers
powerful,
solution
mTBI
broader
biomedical
