The role of family relationships on adolescents' development and adjustment during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review

Journal of Research on Adolescence, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 10, 2024

Abstract In typical times, adolescents' relationships with family members influence changing cognitive, social, and physical aspects of their development. The COVID‐19 pandemic, however, impacted the full system in ways that were unprecedented. Scholars adolescence worldwide driven to understand how changed due these dramatic societal shifts had on well‐being. This systematic review examined two research questions 189 articles published from 2020–2022: (1) How has pandemic families adolescents, including broader functioning, relationship qualities, parenting? (2) or pandemic‐related stressors interacted relationships, parenting adolescents impact adolescent well‐being adjustment? Additionally, examination relevant studies divided into sub‐themes influence: (a) environment routines, (b) difficulties, (c) parent−adolescent (d) sibling relationships.

Язык: Английский

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The sex-dependent response to psychosocial stress and ischaemic heart disease

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2023

Stress is an important risk factor for modern chronic diseases, with distinct influences in males and females. The sex specificity of the mammalian stress response contributes to sex-dependent development impacts coronary artery disease (CAD). Compared men, women appear have greater susceptibility forms psychosocial stress, extending beyond increased incidence mood disorders include a 2- 4-fold higher stress-dependent myocardial infarction women, up 10-fold Takotsubo syndrome—a coronary-myocardial disorder most prevalent post-menopausal women. Sex differences arise at all levels response: from initial perception behavioural, cognitive, affective responses longer-term outcomes. These fundamental involve interactions between chromosomal gonadal determinants, (mal)adaptive epigenetic modulation across lifespan (particularly early life), extrinsic socio-cultural, economic, environmental factors. Pre-clinical investigations biological mechanisms support life programming heightened corticolimbic-noradrenaline-neuroinflammatory reactivity females vs. males, among implicated determinants response. Unravelling intrinsic molecular, cellular systems basis these differences, their external lifestyle/socio-cultural can guide preventative therapeutic strategies better target heart tailored sex-specific manner.

Язык: Английский

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Child, adolescent, and caregiver mental health difficulties and associated risk factors early in the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2022

Abstract At the onset of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 South Africa, many safety measures were implemented to protect lives population. Ironically, these same have negatively impacted on children and their caregivers resulting increased mental health problems. This study forms part multicountry Co-SPACE (COVID-19: Supporting Parents, Adolescents Children during Epidemics) that explores how families are coping pandemic, what can do help support children’s health. paper aims gain a better understanding status specifically Africa restrictive lockdown measures, identify certain risk factors might contribute towards deteriorating Two hundred fifty-four African parents carers adolescents completed an online survey about child’s as well own post- hard Africa. Data collection took place over period first second waves Results showed experienced significantly higher problems than ( p = 0.016). Younger particularly affected by had more 0.023); including emotional 0.017), misconduct 0.030), hyperactivity 0.001). Additionally, presence special educational needs/neurodevelopmental disorders (SEN/ND) was associated with Surprisingly, single parent households, which is another well-known factor no differences compared nuclear families. There also reciprocal relationship between parental/carer child/adolescent health, level endorsement parents/caregivers who themselves levels depression, anxiety stress (all ’s < These results highlight dramatic impact children, emphasises need for specific structures be within SEN/ND community, younger households.

Язык: Английский

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Risk Narrative of Emergency and Disaster Management, Preparedness, and Planning (EDMPP): The Importance of the ‘Social’

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 15(1), С. 387 - 387

Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2022

Risk perception, literacy, communication, narrative, governance, and education are important aspects of emergency disaster management, preparedness, planning (EDMPP) as they for example influence direct EDMPP policies actions. A thorough understanding the ‘social risk is EDMPP, especially in relation to marginalized populations who often overlooked. Technologies increasingly employed EDMPP. How these technology applications identify engage with ‘social’ general experienced by Equity, diversity, inclusion (EDI) similar phrases policy concepts improve research, education, participation workplace groups such women, Indigenous peoples, visible/racialized minorities, disabled people, LGBTQ2S including workplaces engaging which includes universities. The aim this scoping review was generate data that allows a detailed related discussions within academic literature shape objective study map out engagement risk, specifically social EDMPP-focused focus on (a) general, (b) COVID-19, (c) groups, (d) patients, (e) technologies (artificial intelligence, machine learning, reasoning, algorithm design approaches Bayesian belief networks, e-coaching, decision support systems, virtual coaching, automated support, e-mentoring, dialogue conversational agents). Using databases SCOPUS, Web Sciences, accessible under Compendex EBSCO-HOST performing hit count frequency searches online downloaded abstracts thematic analysis reveals lack coverage narrative conjunction support. Our findings suggest many opportunities further inquiry filling gaps.

Язык: Английский

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HIV and SRH healthcare delivery experiences of South African healthcare workers and adolescents and young people during COVID-19

Psychology Health & Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27(sup1), С. 155 - 166

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2022

While substantial research has emerged from the frontlines of COVID-19 pandemic, as well studies with adolescent populations, there been a dearth focused in South Africa on context-specific experiences healthcare workers (HCWs) and adolescents young people (AYP) to whom they provide services. This article documents provision receipt HIV sexual reproductive health (SRH) services during pandemic perspective African HCWs (n = 13) AYP 41, ages 17–29). Findings highlight several barriers accessing comprehensive SRH including lockdown-related mobility restrictions (reported by HCWs), prioritisation above other needs, longer facility waiting times, poor treatment AYP), discomfort perceived stigma having queue outside facilities, fear contracting both groups). reported that continued be available described seeking these – such long-acting reversible contraception, check-ups for their babies medical refills being told because were not considered emergency cases, should return different date. By capturing diverse perspectives groups, our findings reiterate growing call system investments strengthen delivery services, investing appropriate channels communication between providers (for example, through peer supporters or community workers) differentiated models service multi-month ART pick-ups). Closing gap needs who serve them may support buffering against changes brought about pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Economic vulnerabilities, mental health, and coping strategies among Tanzanian youth during COVID-19

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated struggles for youth living in poor households. Youth rural Tanzania are particularly vulnerable given widespread poverty, lack of formal sector employment opportunities, and health risks. We examine influences the on economic insecurity mental explore coping strategies employed by their

Язык: Английский

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Increased difficulty accessing food and income change during the COVID-19 pandemic among youth living in the eThekwini district, South Africa

Public Health Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 30

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the effect of income change on difficulty accessing food since COVID-19 pandemic for South African youth, and evaluate whether this was modified by receiving social grants. Design: A cross-sectional, online survey conducted between December 2021 May 2022. Primary outcome increased pandemic. Income categorized as “Decreased a lot”, slightly” “Unchanged or increased”. Multivariable logistic regressions were used, with an interaction term grant receipt change. Setting: eThekwini district, Africa Participants: Youth aged 16-24 years Results: Among 1,620 participants, median age 22 (IQR 19-24); 861 (53%) women; 476 (29%) reported food; 297 (18%) that decreased lot, whom 149 (50%) did not receive Experiencing large decrease highly associated during (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.63, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.70-4.88). The aORs food, compared to no change, 1.49 (95%CI 0.98-2.28) among participants grants, 6.63 4.39-9.99) Conclusions: While support made great difference in lowering it insufficient fully protect youth from those difficulties. In post-pandemic recovery efforts, there is critical need through economic empowerment programming schemes.

Язык: Английский

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School closures and well-being-related topic searches on Google during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2023

Following the outbreak of 2020 coronavirus, governments adopted non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to save lives. The NPIs have been deemed unintended consequences on mental health and well-being. This study aimed estimate impact COVID-19 pandemic-induced school closures relative search volumes (RSVs) well-being-relevant topics in 30 low lower- middle income countries Sub-Saharan Africa.Google Trends data, difference-in-differences event methods were used evaluate related volume (RSV) well-being topic queries Africa.The results suggest positive significant increases intensity for anger, boredom, fear, sleep, exercise, prayer. Contrary other studies, we find no discernible effects loneliness, sadness, suicide.Our findings that pandemic associated restrictions had a mixed effect well-being-related searches. We recommend increased vigilance proactive communication from government policy makers with general population times emergencies when social policies restrict lives liberties need be adopted.

Язык: Английский

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The other pandemic: Mental illness in young people from low and middle-income countries

Current Opinion in Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52, С. 101642 - 101642

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 public health responses on income, food security and health services among key and vulnerable women in South Africa

African Journal of AIDS Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21(4), С. 317 - 329

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2022

Globally, COVID-19 has impacted lives and livelihoods. Women living with HIV and/or at high risk of acquiring are socially economically vulnerable. Less is known the impact public health responses on women from key vulnerable populations. The purpose this cross-sectional survey conducted in four South African provinces a burden September to November 2021 was advance understanding socio-economic care access or HIV. A total 2 812 >15 years old completed survey. Approximately 31% reported decrease income since start pandemic, 43% an increase food insecurity. Among those accessing services, 37% 36% that had their family planning services respectively. Economic service disruptions were enhanced by informal housing, urbanisation being Western Cape. Food insecurity increased migrant, having fewer people contributing household, children experience gender-based violence. Family greater for sex workers household. These differentiated impacts income, security, mediated age, social cohesion, employment household highlighting need improved structural systemic interventions reduce vulnerability

Язык: Английский

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