Recent Updates of Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment on Osteoarthritis of the Knee

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(5), С. 2619 - 2619

Опубликована: Март 5, 2021

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative and chronic joint disease characterized by clinical symptoms distortion of tissues. It primarily damages cartilage, causing pain, swelling, stiffness around the joint. major cause disability pain. The prevalence OA expected to increase gradually with aging population increasing obesity. Many potential therapeutic advances have been made in recent years due improved understanding underlying mechanisms, diagnosis, management OA. Embryonic stem cells induced pluripotent differentiate into chondrocytes or mesenchymal (MSCs) can be used as source injectable treatments cavity. MSCs are known most studied cell therapy products cell-based owing their ability immunomodulatory properties. They improve cartilage recovery ultimately restore healthy joints. However, despite currently available therapies research, unfulfilled medical needs persist for treatment. In this review, we focused on contents non-cellular cellular OA, briefly summarized results trials lay solid application basis research.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes: roles and therapeutic potential in osteoarthritis

Bone Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2020

Exosomes participate in many physiological and pathological processes by regulating cell-cell communication, which are involved numerous diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). detectable the human articular cavity were observed to change with OA progression. Several joint cells, chondrocytes, synovial fibroblasts, osteoblasts, tenocytes, can produce secrete exosomes that influence biological effects of targeted cells. In addition, from stem cells protect damage promoting cartilage repair, inhibiting synovitis, mediating subchondral bone remodeling. This review summarizes roles therapeutic potential discusses perspectives challenges related exosome-based treatment for patients future.

Язык: Английский

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<p>Advances in Exosome-Based Drug Delivery and Tumor Targeting: From Tissue Distribution to Intracellular Fate</p>

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Год журнала: 2020, Номер Volume 15, С. 9355 - 9371

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2020

Abstract: Exosomes or small extracellular vesicles are considered a new generation of bioinspired-nanoscale drug delivery system (DDS). Endogenous exosomes function as signalosomes since they convey signals via ligands adhesion molecules located on the exosomal membrane, packaged inside exosome. Recently, exosome membrane modification, therapeutic payloads encapsulation, and modulation in vivo disposition have been extensively investigated, among which significant advances made to optimize exosome-mediated solid tumors. Exosomes, specifically tumor cell-derived exosomes, presumed tumor-preferential due homotypic features. However, quality attributes that dictate tissue distribution, cell type-selective uptake, intracellular payload release administered well spatiotemporal information regarding fate vivo, remain be further investigated. This review summarizes recent developing platforms with focus targeting. The pharmacokinetic features naive factors influencing their summarized. Recent strategies improve targeting also reviewed context biological microenvironment (TME). Selected approaches augment deposition methods enhance delivery, summarized emphasis underlying mechanisms (eg, passive active targeting, endosomal escape, etc.). In conclusion, this highlights recently reported tumor-targeting exosome-based it's hope multiple might employed synergistic combination development cancer therapy. Keywords: exosome, tumor-targeting, PK, nanovesicles

Язык: Английский

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Knee Osteoarthritis: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells: What Else Is New? An Update

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(7), С. 6405 - 6405

Опубликована: Март 29, 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease and the most common orthopedic disorder. A vast majority of social OA burden related to hips knees. The prevalence knee varied across studies such differences are reflected by heterogeneity data reported conducted worldwide. complete understanding pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this pathology essential. inflammatory process starts in synovial membrane with activation immune system, involving both humoral cellular mediators. crucial role played so-called “damage-associated molecular patterns” (DAMPs). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be promising option among all possible therapeutic options. However, many issues still debated, as best cell source, their nature, right amount. Further needed clarify remaining doubts. This review provides an overview recent relevant on mechanism cartilage damage OA, including current approaches regenerative medicine.

Язык: Английский

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A Review of the Effects of Collagen Treatment in Clinical Studies

Polymers, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(22), С. 3868 - 3868

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2021

Collagen, an abundant extracellular matrix protein, has been found to have a lot of pharmaceuticals, medicine, food, and cosmetics applications. Increased knowledge collagen sources, extraction techniques, structure, properties in the last decades helped develop more collagen-based products tissue engineering biomaterials. Collagen playing important role benefiting health human body, especially for aging people. In this paper, effects treatment different clinical studies including skin regeneration, bone defects, sarcopenia, wound healing, dental therapy, gastroesophageal reflux, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis reviewed. The treatments were significant these studies. addition, associations between diseases discussed. comorbidity might be closely related deficiency, good choice when patient than one diseases, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It concludes that medication is useful treating comorbid preventing complications.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomal microRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells: cell-to-cell messages

Cell Communication and Signaling, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2020

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles characterized by their size, source, release mechanism and contents. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) single stranded non-coding RNAs transcribed from DNA. miRNAs widespread in eukaryotic cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs used for tissue regeneration, also exert paracrine, anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory effects. However, the use of is controversial, presence or after remission a tumor, due to secretion growth factors migration ability. Instead intact MSCs, MSC-derived compartments substances could be as practical tools diagnosis, follow up, management monitoring diseases. Herein, we discuss some aspects exosomal derived progression, diagnosis treatment various Video Abstract.

Язык: Английский

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Synthesis, bioactive properties, and biomedical applications of intrinsically therapeutic nanoparticles for disease treatment

Chemical Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 435, С. 134970 - 134970

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate osteoarthritis of the knee in mice model by interacting with METTL3 to reduce m6A of NLRP3 in macrophage

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease that not only significantly impairs the quality of life middle-aged and elderly individuals but also imposes significant financial burden on patients society. Due to their biological properties, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have steadily received great attention in OA treatment. This study aimed investigate influence EVs chondrocyte proliferation, migration, apoptosis protective efficacy against mice.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes Derived From Human Urine–Derived Stem Cells Overexpressing miR-140-5p Alleviate Knee Osteoarthritis Through Downregulation of VEGFA in a Rat Model

The American Journal of Sports Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 50(4), С. 1088 - 1105

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2022

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common chronic musculoskeletal disorders worldwide, for which exosomes derived from stem cells may provide an effective treatment.To assess effect human urine-derived (hUSCs) overexpressing miR-140-5p (miR means microRNA) on KOA in vitro interleukin 1β (IL-1β)-induced (OA) model and vivo rat model.Controlled laboratory study.Exosomes hUSCs (hUSC-Exos) were isolated validated. The transfected with miR-140s using lentivirus, secreted such (hUSC-140-Exos) collected. roles hUSC-Exos hUSC-140-Exos protecting chondrocytes against IL-1β treatment compared by analyzing proliferation, migration, apoptosis, secretion extracellular matrix (ECM) chondrocytes. After vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) was identified as a target miR-140, mechanism VEGFA can mediate beneficial miR-140 OA investigated small interfering RNA transfection or chemical drugs. expression cartilage synovial fluid patients measured that healthy controls. Surgery anterior cruciate ligament transection destabilization medial meniscus performed knee joints Sprague-Dawley rats to establish animal OA, intra-articular (IA) injection conducted at 4 8 weeks after surgery. Cartilage regeneration subchondral bone remodeling evaluated through histological staining micro-computed tomography analysis.Proliferation migration ability enhanced apoptosis inhibited treated via hUSC-Exos, side decreased ECM secretion. not only retained advantages but also increased targeting VEGFA, including collagen II aggrecan. Increased during progression confirmed samples obtained OA. In model, IA remodeling.Our results demonstrated superiority treating hUSC-Exos. suppressing part mediated VEGFA.Exosomes promising KOA, our study advance related basic research.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence for the Benefits of Melatonin in Cardiovascular Disease

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2022

The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine which produces melatonin, hormone with critical physiological roles in the circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin has been shown to possess anti-oxidant activity neuroprotective properties. Numerous studies have that melatonin significant functions cardiovascular disease, may anti-aging ability of decrease primary hypertension needs be more extensively evaluated. benefits reducing cardiac pathology, preventing death muscle response ischemia-reperfusion rodent species. Moreover, also prevent hypertrophy heart under some circumstances, turn would lessen development failure. Several currently used conventional drugs show cardiotoxicity as an adverse effect. Recent acts effective suppressing damage mediated by pharmacologic drugs. Therefore, cardioprotective multiple animal human studies. Herein, we summarize most established system focus on molecular mechanisms action.

Язык: Английский

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