Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2021
Immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
are
novel
immunotherapy-based
drugs
that
have
become
increasingly
popular
in
the
treatment
of
lung
cancer.
Researchers
recognized
ocular
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs)
secondary
to
ICIs
because
their
vision-threatening
characteristics.
However,
they
incompletely
characterized
and
no
studies
reported
ICI-related
irAEs
Therefore,
we
aimed
comprehensively
illustrate
clinical
characteristics,
contributory
factors,
diagnosis,
management
cancer,
based
on
previously
79
patients.
Ophthalmoplegia
(40.51%),
uveitis
(20.25%),
dry
eye
(17.72%)
were
most
common
Ptosis
was
(36.71%)
highest
mortality
(23.33%)
ophthalmoplegia.
Patients
Asia
patients
who
underwent
combination
therapy
with
programmed
cell
death-1
cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte-associated
antigen
4
demonstrated
significantly
higher
frequency
ophthalmoplegia
than
other
irAEs.
Most
cancer
observed
first
10
weeks
following
initiation
ICIs.
Furthermore,
onset
time
much
longer.
In
addition,
92.31%
could
be
remised.
conclusion,
non-negligible,
particularly
Ethnicity
type
play
important
roles
distribution
presented
early
worse
prognosis
features,
thus
necessitating
further
attention.
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
16(1), С. e0245532 - e0245532
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2021
Understanding
the
T
cell
response
to
SARS-CoV-2
is
critical
vaccine
development,
epidemiological
surveillance
and
disease
control
strategies.
This
systematic
review
critically
evaluates
synthesises
relevant
peer-reviewed
pre-print
literature
published
from
01/01/2020-26/06/2020.
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
15(12), С. e0244126 - e0244126
Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2020
Background
Progress
in
characterising
the
humoral
immune
response
to
Severe
Acute
Respiratory
Syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
has
been
rapid
but
areas
of
uncertainty
persist.
Assessment
full
range
evidence
generated
date
understand
characteristics
antibody
response,
its
dynamics
over
time,
determinants
and
immunity
it
confers
will
have
a
clinical
policy
implications
for
this
novel
pathogen.
This
review
comprehensively
evaluated
describing
SARS-CoV-2
published
from
01/01/2020-26/06/2020.
Methods
Systematic
review.
Keyword-structured
searches
were
carried
out
MEDLINE,
Embase
COVID-19
Primer.
Articles
independently
screened
on
title,
abstract
text
by
two
researchers,
with
arbitration
disagreements.
Data
double-extracted
into
pre-designed
template,
studies
critically
appraised
using
modified
version
Public
Health
Ontario
Meta-tool
Quality
Appraisal
Evidence
(MetaQAT)
tool,
resolution
disagreements
consensus.
Findings
narratively
synthesised.
Results
150
papers
included.
Most
(113
or
75%)
observational
design,
based
wholly
primarily
data
hospitalised
patients
(108,
72%)
had
important
methodological
limitations.
Few
considered
mild
asymptomatic
infection.
Antibody
well
described
acute
phase,
up
around
three
months
disease
onset,
picture
regarding
correlates
was
inconsistent.
IgM
consistently
detected
before
IgG
included
studies,
peaking
at
weeks
five
declining
further
post-symptom
onset
depending
patient
group;
peaked
seven
then
plateaued,
generally
persisting
least
eight
weeks.
Neutralising
antibodies
detectable
within
15
days
following
levels
increasing
until
14–22
levelling
decreasing,
titres
lower
those
clinically
disease.
Specific
potent
neutralising
isolated
convalescent
plasma.
Cross-reactivity
limited
cross-neutralisation
other
human
coronaviridae
reported.
protective
vivo
small,
short-term
animal
showing
promising
initial
results
immediate
recovery
phase.
Conclusions
Literature
responses
is
variable
quality
considerable
heterogeneity
methods,
study
participants,
outcomes
measured
assays
used.
Although
phase
are
described,
longer-term
patterns
much
less
evidenced.
Comprehensive
assessment
role
demographic
severity
needed.
Initial
findings
low
possible
waning
time
may
sero-surveillance
control
policy,
although
The
detection
plasma
context
development
therapeutics
vaccines.
Due
limitations
existing
base,
large,
cross-national
cohort
appropriate
statistical
analysis
standardised
serological
classifications
should
be
prioritised.
Journal of Clinical Oncology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
40(13), С. 1474 - 1486
Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2022
PURPOSE
Women
have
more
adverse
events
(AEs)
from
chemotherapy
than
men,
but
few
studies
investigated
sex
differences
in
immune
or
targeted
therapies.
We
examined
AEs
by
across
different
treatment
domains.
METHODS
analyzed
treatment-related
SWOG
phase
II
and
III
clinical
trials
conducted
between
1980
2019,
excluding
sex-specific
cancers.
AE
codes
grade
were
categorized
using
the
Common
Terminology
Criteria
for
Adverse
Events.
Symptomatic
defined
as
those
aligned
with
National
Cancer
Institute's
Patient-Reported
Outcome–Common
Events;
laboratory-based
observable/measurable
designated
objective
(hematologic
v
nonhematologic).
Multivariable
logistic
regression
was
used,
adjusting
age,
race,
disease
prognosis.
Thirteen
symptomatic
14
categories
examined.
RESULTS
In
total,
N
=
23,296
patients
(women,
8,838
[37.9%];
14,458
[62.1%])
202
experiencing
274,688
analyzed;
17,417
received
chemotherapy,
2,319
immunotherapy,
3,560
therapy.
Overall,
64.6%
(n
15,051)
experienced
one
severe
(grade
≥
3)
AEs.
had
a
34%
increased
risk
of
compared
men
(odds
ratio
[OR]
1.34;
95%
CI,
1.27
to
1.42;
P
<
.001),
including
49%
among
receiving
immunotherapy
(OR
1.49;
1.24
1.78;
.001).
an
all
treatments,
especially
1.66;
1.37
2.01;
hematologic
AE.
No
statistically
significant
nonhematologic
found.
CONCLUSION
The
greater
severity
both
women
multiple
modalities
indicates
that
broad-based
exist.
This
could
be
due
reported,
pharmacogenomics
drug
metabolism/disposition,
total
dose
received,
and/or
adherence
Particularly
large
observed
suggesting
studying
these
agents
is
priority.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2021
The
ongoing
COVID-19
pandemic
has
increased
awareness
about
sex-specific
differences
in
immunity
and
outcomes
following
SARS-CoV-2
infection.
Strong
evidence
of
a
male
bias
disease
severity
is
hypothesized
to
be
mediated
by
sex
differential
immune
responses
against
SARS-CoV-2.
This
hypothesis
based
on
data
from
other
viral
infections,
including
influenza
viruses,
HIV,
hepatitis
others
that
have
demonstrated
infections.
Although
males
are
more
susceptible
most
females
possess
immunological
features
render
them
vulnerable
distinct
immune-related
outcomes.
Both
chromosome
complement
related
genes
as
well
steroids
play
important
roles
mediating
the
development
Frontiers in Oncology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2020
A
higher
incidence
of
colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
is
found
in
males
compared
to
females.
Young
women
(18-44
years)
with
CRC
have
a
better
survival
outcome
men
the
same
age
or
older
(over
50
years),
indicating
global
sexual
dimorphism
rates
and
survival.
This
suggests
protective
role
for
sex
steroid
hormone
estrogen
development.
Key
proliferative
pathways
tumorigenesis
exhibit
dimorphism,
which
confer
females
through
regulated
genes
cell
signaling.
Estrogen
regulates
activity
class
Kv
channels
(KCNQ1:KCNE3),
control
fundamental
ion
transport
functions
colon
epithelial
mesenchymal
transition
bi-directional
interactions
Wnt/β-catenin
signalling
pathway.
also
modulates
responses
hypoxia
Annual Review of Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
40(1), С. 75 - 94
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2022
Strong
epidemiological
evidence
now
exists
that
sex
is
an
important
biologic
variable
in
immunity.
Recent
studies,
for
example,
have
revealed
differences
are
associated
with
the
severity
of
symptoms
and
mortality
due
to
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19).
Despite
this
evidence,
much
remains
be
learned
about
mechanisms
underlying
associations
between
immune-mediated
conditions.
A
growing
body
experimental
data
has
made
significant
inroads
into
understanding
sex-influenced
immune
responses.
As
physicians
seek
provide
more
targeted
patient
care,
it
critical
understand
how
sex-defining
factors
(e.g.,
chromosomes,
gonadal
hormones)
alter
responses
health
disease.
In
review,
we
highlight
recent
insights
autoimmunity;
virus
infection,
specifically
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
infection;
cancer
immunotherapy.
deeper
will
allow
development
a
sex-based
approach
screening
treatment.
