Mechanisms of Qingyi Decoction in Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury via Gut Microbiota: Targeting the Short-Chain Fatty Acids-Mediated AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(4)

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2023

The pivotal roles of gut microbiota in severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury (SAP-ALI) are increasingly revealed, and recent discoveries the gut-lung axis have provided potential approaches for treating SAP-ALI. Qingyi decoction (QYD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is commonly used clinical to treat However, underlying mechanisms remain be fully elucidated. Herein, by using caerulein plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced SAP-ALI mice model antibiotics (Abx) cocktail-induced pseudogermfree model, we tried uncover administration QYD explored its possible mechanisms. Immunohistochemical results showed that severity intestinal barrier functions could affected relative depletion bacteria. composition was partially recovered after treatment with decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio increased abundance short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing Correspondingly levels SCFAs (especially propionate butyrate) feces, gut, serum, lungs were observed, generally consistent changes microbes. Western-blot analysis RT-qPCR indicated AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway activated oral QYD, which found possibly related regulatory effects on intestine lungs. In conclusion, our study provides new insights into through modulating has prospective practical value use future. IMPORTANCE Gut affects function. During SAP, significant increase pathogens (Escherichia, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Peptostreptococcus, Helicobacter) observed. At same time, pathogenic bacteria SCFAs-producing (Bacteroides, Roseburia, Parabacteroides, Prevotella, Akkermansia). addition, mediated along may play an essential role preventing pathogenesis SAP-ALI, allows reduced systemic inflammation restoration barrier.

Язык: Английский

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Gut commensals and their metabolites in health and disease

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

Purpose of review This comprehensively discusses the role gut microbiome and its metabolites in health disease sheds light on importance a holistic approach assessing gut. Recent findings The consisting bacteriome, mycobiome, archaeome, virome has profound effect human health. Gut dysbiosis which is characterized by perturbations microbial population not only results gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms or conditions but can also give rise to extra-GI manifestations. microorganisms produce (short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine, hydrogen sulfide, methane, so on) that are important for several interkingdom interactions functions. They participate various host metabolic processes. An alteration species affect their respective metabolite concentrations have serious implications. Effective assessment crucial as it provide insights into one’s overall Summary Emerging evidence highlights disease. As implicated GI well symptoms, plays well-being host. may status leading more care.

Язык: Английский

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Interaction between intestinal mycobiota and microbiota shapes lung inflammation

iMeta, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(5)

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2024

Abstract Gut microbiota is an intricate microbial community containing bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa, each of them contributes to diverse aspects host health. Nevertheless, the influence interaction among gut on health remains uncovered. Here, we showed that between intestinal fungi bacteria shaped lung inflammation during infection. Specifically, antifungal drug‐induced dysbiosis mycobiota enhanced Dysbiosis led Escherichia coli ( E. ) overgrowth translocation infection, which induced accumulation CD45 + F4/80 Ly6G − Ly6C CD11b CD11c macrophages. Clearance macrophages or deletion TLR4 (Toll‐like receptor 4, recognition LPS) rather than Dectin‐1 (recognition beta‐1,3/1,6 glucans fungi) blocked aggravation These findings suggest commensal affects through gut–lung axis, offering a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating

Язык: Английский

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The role of intestinal microbiota and its metabolites in intestinal and extraintestinal organ injury induced by intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury

International Journal of Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 18(10), С. 3981 - 3992

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a common pathophysiological process in clinical severe patients, and the effect of intestinal I/R injury on patient's systemic state far greater than that primary injury.In recent years, more evidence has shown microbiota its metabolites play an important role occurrence, development, diagnosis treatment injury.Intestinal regulated by host genes, immune response, diet, drugs other factors.The metabolism potential determine significance health diseases.Therefore, targeting may be effective therapy for I/R-induced extraintestinal organ injury.This review focuses injury, summarizes latest progress regulating to treat injury.

Язык: Английский

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Oral Administration of Probiotics Reduces Chemotherapy-Induced Diarrhea and Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2022

Chemotherapy generally causes serious diarrhea and oral mucositis in cancer patients, subsequently affects treatment. Oral administration of probiotics provides a therapeutic choice to address these limitations. This study aims conduct systematic review meta-analysis on the efficacy probiotic use management chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions, summarize mechanisms underlying action. We searched PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, Web Science from start its completion Dec. 31, 2021. Risk bias was assessed using Cochrane Collaboration's Tool. Statistical analysis acquired data performed via RevMan Stata Software. The protocol registered International Prospective Register Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020220650). Twelve randomized controlled trials including 1,013 patients were recruited analyzed standard procedure meta-analysis. In contrast control group, orally taking significantly decreased risk (≥ 1 grade) (RR = 0.70; 95% Cl: 0.56, 0.88; P 0.002) (RR: 0.84; 0.78, 0.91; < 0.00001) at all grades. Further found that severe 2 grades) 0.50; 0.32, 0.78; also declined 3 0.66; 0.55, 0.79; after use. Interestingly, beneficial effects displayed statistically significant only Asian patients. Importantly, more species bacteria they took, lower incidences reactions occurred. used Egger's test value confirm there is no publication bias. demonstrated administrated has potential decrease incidences. However, against needs be further verified through clinical trials, number have optimized standardized prior applications. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk, identifier: 220650.

Язык: Английский

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Intestinal Candida albicans Promotes Hepatocarcinogenesis by Up-Regulating NLRP6

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Март 8, 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary liver cancer, is closely associated with the gut microbiota. However, role of fungi in development HCC remains unclear. The aim this study was to explore influence intestinal Candida albicans on HCC. Here, We found that patients showed significantly decreased diversity mycobiome and increased abundance C. albicans, compared cirrhosis. gavage WT models tumor size weight influenced plasma metabolome, which indicated by alterations 117 metabolites, such as L-carnitine L-acetylcarnitine, several KEGG enriched pathways, phenylalanine metabolism citrate cycle. Moreover, expression nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) tissues epithelial cells mice interacted increased. Notably, colonization had no effect growth Nlrp6-/- mice. In conclusion, abnormal reprogrammed contributed progression dependent NLRP6, provided new targets for treatment

Язык: Английский

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Social Interaction is Unnecessary for Hindgut Microbiome Transmission in Honey Bees: The Effect of Diet and Social Exposure on Tissue-Specific Microbiome Assembly

Microbial Ecology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 85(4), С. 1498 - 1513

Опубликована: Май 2, 2022

Abstract Honey bees are a model for host–microbial interactions with experimental designs evolving towards conventionalized worker bees. Research on gut microbiome transmission and assembly has examined only fraction of factors associated the colony hive environment. Here, we studied effects diet social isolation tissue-specific bacterial fungal colonization midgut two key hindgut regions. We found that both treatment significantly influenced early explaining similar proportions variation. In agreement previous work, interaction older workers was unnecessary core transmission. Exposure to natural eclosion fresh stored pollen resulted in communities were taxonomically structurally equivalent those produced setting. Stressed diets no or autoclaved decreased abundance diversity, atypical structure variation functionally important bacteria. Without exposure active environment, strain diversity keystone ileum species Gilliamella apicola markedly reduced. These changes larger microbiotas suggesting extended environment plays an antibiotic role establishment. conclude is facultative horizontal 5 6 readily acquired from built diet. Our findings contribute novel insights into influencing maintenance honey bee microbiota facilitate future designs.

Язык: Английский

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SARS‐CoV‐2 triggered oxidative stress and abnormal energy metabolism in gut microbiota

MedComm, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 3(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2022

Abstract Specific roles of gut microbes in COVID‐19 progression are critical. However, the circumstantial mechanism remains elusive. In this study, shotgun metagenomic or metatranscriptomic sequencing was performed on fecal samples collected from 13 patients and controls. We analyzed structure microbiota, identified characteristic bacteria, selected biomarkers. Further, gene ontology (GO) Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) annotations were employed to correlate taxon alterations corresponding functions. The microbiota characterized by enrichment opportunistic pathogens depletion commensals. abundance Bacteroides spp. displayed an inverse relationship with severity, whereas Actinomyces oris , Escherichia coli Streptococcus parasanguini positively correlated disease severity. genes encoding oxidoreductase significantly enriched microbiome group. KEGG annotation indicated that expression ABC transporter upregulated, while synthesis pathway butyrate aberrantly reduced. Furthermore, increased metabolism lipopolysaccharide, polyketide sugar, sphingolipids, neutral amino acids found. These results suggested a state oxidative stress. Healthy may enhance antiviral defenses via metabolism, accumulation inflammatory bacteria exacerbate progression.

Язык: Английский

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Biogeography, succession, and origin of the chicken intestinal mycobiome

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Abstract Background Extensive work has been accomplished to characterize the intestinal bacterial community, known as microbiota, and its association with host health disease. However, very little is about spatiotemporal development origin of a minor fungal mycobiota, in humans animals, particularly avian species. Results In this study, we comprehensively characterized biogeography succession gastrointestinal (GI) mycobiota broiler chickens further revealed sources that are responsible for initial long-term establishment GI tract. Using Illumina sequencing internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region rRNA genes, detected significant spatial temporal differences along contrary was more diverse upper than lower tract no apparent trend up 42 days age. The dominated by phyla Ascomycota Basidiomycota Gibberella , Aspergillus Candida being most abundant genera. Although chicken highly dynamic, Fusarium pseudonygamai dominant throughout regardless age study. core mycobiome consisted 26 taxa accounting greater 85% population each location. observed high variations among different studies. We also showed total varied greatly from 1.0 × 10 4 1.1 6 /g digesta only accounted less 0.06% bacteria day-42 broilers. Finally, hatchery environment colonization newly hatched chickens, but quickly replaced fungi diet within 3 days. Conclusions Relative microbiota consists trillions hundreds species becomes relatively stabilized animals age, microbial community temporally dynamic limited diversity obvious pattern successive changes. similar spatially tract, although it Dietary major source growing chickens.

Язык: Английский

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Core-predominant gut fungus Kazachstania slooffiae promotes intestinal epithelial glycolysis via lysine desuccinylation in pigs

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023

Abstract Background Gut fungi are increasingly recognized as important contributors to host physiology, although most studies have focused on gut bacteria. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins play vital roles in cell metabolism. However, the contribution protein PTMs remains unclear. Mining that mediate and dissecting their mechanism urgently needed. Results We studied fungal communities 56 weaned piglets finishing pigs from seven pig breeds using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene amplicon sequencing metagenomics. The results showed Kazachstania slooffiae was abundant species piglets. K. decreased intestinal epithelial lysine succinylation levels, these were especially enriched glycolysis pathway. demonstrated promoted by decreasing activating sirtuin 5 (SIRT5). Furthermore, -derived 5′-methylthioadenosine metabolite SIRT5 activity. Conclusions These findings provide a landscape suggest plays crucial role metabolism through desuccinylation. Our data also potential protective strategy for with an insufficient energy supply.

Язык: Английский

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