Regulation of short-chain fatty acids in the immune system

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Май 5, 2023

A growing body of research suggests that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), metabolites produced by intestinal symbiotic bacteria ferment dietary fibers (DFs), play a crucial role in the health status symbiotes. SCFAs act on variety cell types to regulate important biological processes, including host metabolism, function, and immune function. also affect function fate cells. This finding provides new concept metabolism better understanding regulatory system, which impacts prevention treatment disease. The mechanism induce or response is becoming increasingly clear. review summarizes different mechanisms through According latest research, innate NLRP3 inflammasomes, receptors TLR family members, neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer cells, eosinophils, basophils lymphocyte subsets, emphasized. adaptive T-cell B plasma highlighted. In addition, we discuss regulating allergic airway inflammation, colitis, osteoporosis influencing system. These findings provide evidence for determining options based metabolic regulation.

Язык: Английский

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Prebiotic intervention with HAMSAB in untreated essential hypertensive patients assessed in a phase II randomized trial

Nature Cardiovascular Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(1), С. 35 - 43

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Parabacteroides distasonis ameliorates insulin resistance via activation of intestinal GPR109a

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2023

Gut microbiota plays a key role in insulin resistance (IR). Here we perform case-control study of Chinese adults (ChiCTR2200065715) and identify that Parabacteroides distasonis is inversely correlated with IR. Treatment P. improves IR, strengthens intestinal integrity, reduces systemic inflammation mice. We further demonstrate distasonis-derived nicotinic acid (NA) vital bioactive molecule fortifies barrier function via activating G-protein-coupled receptor 109a (GPR109a), leading to ameliorating also conduct dietary fiber screening induce growth. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) shows favorable growth-promoting effects on protects against IR mice simultaneously. Finally, the reduced NA levels were validated another human type 2 diabetes mellitus cohort. These findings reveal unique mechanisms provide viable strategies for treatment prevention by fiber.

Язык: Английский

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Theabrownin inhibits obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via serotonin-related signaling pathways and gut-liver axis

Journal of Advanced Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52, С. 59 - 72

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with obesity seriously threats public health. Our previous studies showed that dark tea had more potential on regulating lipid metabolism than other teas, and theabrownin (TB) was considered to be a main contributor the bioactivity of tea.This in vivo study aims reveal effects molecular mechanisms TB NAFLD obesity, role gut-liver axis is explored.The histopathological examinations, biochemical tests, nuclear magnetic resonance were applied evaluate obesity. The untargeted metabolomics used find key molecule for further exploration mechanisms. 16S rRNA gene sequencing assess changes gut microbiota. antibiotic cocktail fecal microbiota transplant clarify microbiota.TB markedly reduced body weight gain (67.01%), fat rate (62.81%), hepatic TG level (51.35%) preventive experiment. Especially, decreased (32.16%), (42.56%), (42.86%) therapeutic action could improvement acid oxidation, lipolysis, oxidative stress via regulation serotonin-related signaling pathways. Also, increased abundance microbiota, such as Akkermansia, Bacteroides Parabacteroides. Antibiotics-induced bacterial dysbiosis disrupted pathways liver, whereas beneficial target proteins regained restoration microbiota.We has by serotonin related through Furthermore, co-contribute alleviating promising medicine

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Body Health

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(13), С. 7379 - 7379

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024

Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly including acetate, propionate and butyrate, are produced by intestinal bacteria during the fermentation of partially digested indigestible polysaccharides. SCFAs play an important role in regulating energy metabolism maintaining homeostasis environment also regulatory organs tissues outside gut. In recent years, many studies have shown that can regulate inflammation affect host health, two main signaling mechanisms been identified: activation G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) inhibition histone deacetylase (HDAC). addition, a growing body evidence highlights importance every SCFA influencing health maintenance disease development. this review, we summarized advances concerning biological properties their pathways health. Hopefully, it provide systematic theoretical basis for nutritional prevention treatment human diseases.

Язык: Английский

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In vitro simulated digestion and fermentation characteristics of polysaccharide from oyster (Crassostrea gigas), and its effects on the gut microbiota

Food Research International, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 149, С. 110646 - 110646

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2021

Язык: Английский

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The Role of the Gut Microbiota in the Development and Progression of Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorder

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14(1), С. 37 - 37

Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2021

A growing number of studies in rodents indicate a connection between the intestinal microbiota and brain, but comprehensive human data is scarce. Here, we systematically reviewed examining major depressive bipolar disorder. In this review discuss various changes bacterial abundance, particularly on low taxonomic levels, terms with pathophysiology disorder, their use as diagnostic treatment response parameter, health-promoting potential, well novel adjunctive options. The diversity mostly decreased depressed subjects. consistent elevation phylum Actinobacteria, family Bifidobacteriaceae, genus Bacteroides, reduction Ruminococcaceae, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia was reported. Probiotics containing Bifidobacterium and/or Lactobacillus spp. seemed to improve symptoms, approaches different probiotics synbiotics showed promising results. Comparing twin studies, report here that already an elevated risk developing depression, microbial towards “depression-like” were found. Overall, these findings highlight importance necessity for better understanding its contributing potentially leading new alleviate symptoms via alterations gut microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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Disulfiram ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by modulating the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2022

Abstract Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has been linked with the gut-liver axis. Here, we investigate potential for repurposing disulfiram (DSF), a drug commonly used to treat chronic alcoholism, NASH. Using mouse model, show that DSF ameliorates NASH in gut microbiota-dependent manner. modulates microbiota and directly inhibits growth of Clostridium . Administration abolishes ameliorating effects on Mechanistically, reduces -mediated 7α-dehydroxylation activity suppress secondary bile acid biosynthesis, which turn activates hepatic farnesoid X receptor signaling ameliorate To assess effect human microbiota, performed self-controlled clinical trial (ChiCTR2100048035), including 23 healthy volunteers who received 250 mg-qd 7 days. The primary objective outcomes were intervention diversity, composition functional profile microbiota. pilot study shows also activity. All tolerated well there no serious adverse events 7-day follow-up period. Transferring fecal obtained from DSF-treated humans into germ-free mice Collectively, observations similar suggest by modulating metabolism.

Язык: Английский

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The gut-lung axis in severe acute Pancreatitis-associated lung injury: The protection by the gut microbiota through short-chain fatty acids

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 182, С. 106321 - 106321

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2022

The role of gut microbiota in regulating the intestinal homeostasis, as well pathogenesis severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury (PALI) is widely recognized. bioactive functions metabolites with small molecule weight and detail molecular mechanisms PALI mediated by "gut-lung axis" have gradually raised attentions researchers. Several studies proved that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced microbiome play crucial roles varied activities process PALI. However, relevant reviews reporting SCFAs involvement lacking. In this review, we firstly introduced synthetic metabolic pathways SCFAs, transport signal transduction routes brief. Afterwards, focused on possible clues to participate fight against which referred inhibition pathogen proliferation, anti-inflammatory effects, enhancement barrier functions, maintenance regulation immune homeostasis via pathogen-associated patterns (PAMPs) damage-associated (DAMPs). addition, latest reported pathological physiological gut-lung axis involved were reviewed. Finally, summarized potential therapeutic interventions targeting including dietary fiber supplementation, direct supplementation SCFAs/prebiotics/probiotics, drugs administration, expected provide new sights for clinical use future.

Язык: Английский

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The landscape in the gut microbiome of long-lived families reveals new insights on longevity and aging – relevant neural and immune function

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2022

Human longevity has a strong familial and genetic component. Dynamic characteristics of the gut microbiome during aging associated with longevity, neural, immune function remained unknown. Here, we aim to reveal synergistic changes in decline neural system further obtain insights into establishment homeostasis that can benefit human longevity. Based on 16S rRNA metagenomics sequencing data for 32 families including three generations, centenarians, elderly, young groups, found centenarians showed increased diversity microbiota, severely damaged connection among bacteria, depleted microbial-associated essential amino acid function, abundance anti-inflammatory bacteria comparison elderly groups. Some potential probiotic species, such as Desulfovibrio piger, Gordonibacter pamelaeae, Odoribacter splanchnicus, Ruminococcaceae bacterium D5 were enriched aging, which might possibly support health maintenance. The level Amyloid-β (Aβ) brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) related decreased respectively. elevated inflammatory factors was observed compared Bacteroides fragilis promote through up-regulating IL-10 expression mediate critical balance between disease. Impressively, analysis microbiota Aβ, BDNF, suggests Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum could be particularly beneficial improvement impaired function. Our results provide rationale targeting future clinical applications aging-related diseases extending life span.Abbreviations: rRNA: ribosomal RNA; MAGs: Metagenome-assembled genomes; ASVs: Amplicon sequence variants; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; FDR: False discovery rate: KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes; PCoA: Principal coordinates analysis; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; PICRUSt: Phylogenetic Investigation Communities by Reconstruction Unobserved States; Aβ: (Aβ); BDNF: Brain-derived

Язык: Английский

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