Roles of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(20), С. 4466 - 4466

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2023

The gut microbiome is a diverse bacterial community in the human gastrointestinal tract that plays important roles variety of biological processes. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced through fermentation dietary fiber. Certain microbes responsible for producing SCFAs such as acetate, propionate and butyrate. An imbalance diversity can lead to metabolic disorders inflammation-related diseases. Changes SCFA levels associated microbiota were observed IBD, suggesting an association between disease. affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) with IBD. Gut closely related it study them further.

Язык: Английский

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Physiochemical characterization and ameliorative effect of rice resistant starch modified by heat-stable α-amylase and glucoamylase on the gut microbial community in T2DM mice

Food & Function, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(10), С. 5596 - 5612

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

In the presented study, natural rice containing high resistant starch content was used as a raw material to produce (RRS) through enzymatic hydrolysis with heat-stable α-amylase and glucoamylase. The chemical composition, structural characteristics

Язык: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of the Triangular Relationship among Diet–Gut Microbiota–Inflammation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(17), С. 9366 - 9366

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024

The human gastrointestinal tract hosts a complex and dynamic community of microorganisms known as the gut microbiota, which play pivotal role in numerous physiological processes, including digestion, metabolism, immune function. Recent research has highlighted significant impact diet on microbiota composition functionality, consequential effects host health. Concurrently, there is growing evidence linking to inflammation, key factor many chronic diseases such inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular (CVDs). This review explores how dietary components influence composition, these microbial changes affect pathways, therapeutic implications modulating this axis for prevention management. Beneficial patterns, Mediterranean (MD) plant-based diets, promote diverse balanced supporting anti-inflammatory pathways. Conversely, Western (WD), high saturated fats refined sugars, associated with dysbiosis increased inflammation. With all links between three variables considered, attempts offer thorough examination triangle formed by food.

Язык: Английский

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Lactobacillus plantarum attenuates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by altering the composition of rat gut microbiota and serum metabolic profile

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Introduction Osteoporosis, one of the most common non-communicable human diseases worldwide, is prevalent disease adult skeleton. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis(GIOP) foremost form secondary osteoporosis, extensively researched due to its prevalence.Probiotics constitute a primary bioactive component within numerous foods, offering promise as potential biological intervention for preventing and treating osteoporosis. This study aimed evaluate beneficial effects probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum on bone health underlying mechanisms in rat model glucocorticoid dexamethasone-induced using osteoporosis treatment drug alendronate reference. Methods We examined microstructure (Micro-CT HE staining) analyzed gut microbiome serum metabolome rats. Results discussion The results revealed that L. significantly restored parameters microstructure, with elevated density, increased number thickness trabeculae, decreased Tb.Sp. Gut microbiota sequencing showed microbial diversity ratio Firmicutes Bacteroidota decreased. Beneficial bacteria abundance was ( Lachnospiraceae _NK4A136_group, Ruminococcus , UCG_005 Romboutsia Christensenellaceae _R_7_group), harmful Desulfovibrionaceae ). According metabolomics, significant changes metabolites occurred different groups. These differential were predominantly enriched pathways Pentose Glucuronate Interconversions, well Propanoate Metabolism. Furthermore, levels Pyrazine gamma-Glutamylcysteine, which associated inhibition osteoclast formation promoting osteoblast formation. can protect rats from DEX-induced GIOP by mediating “gut microbial-bone axis” production metabolites. Therefore candidate GIOP.

Язык: Английский

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Digestive health: functional foods for a happy gut

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 41 - 72

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiota and Bacterial Translocation in the Pathogenesis of Liver Fibrosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(22), С. 16502 - 16502

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2023

Cirrhosis is the end result of liver fibrosis in chronic diseases. Studying mechanisms its development and developing measures to slow down regress it based on this knowledge seem be important tasks for medicine. Currently, disorders gut–liver axis have great importance pathogenesis cirrhosis. However, gut dysbiosis, which manifests as increased proportions microbiota Bacilli Proteobacteria that are capable bacterial translocation a decreased proportion Clostridia strengthen intestinal barrier, occurs even at pre-cirrhotic stage disease. This leads translocation, process by those microbes enter blood portal vein then tissue, where they activate Kupffer cells through Toll-like receptor 4. In response, produce profibrogenic cytokines, hepatic stellate cells, stimulating their transformation into myofibroblasts collagen other elements extracellular matrix. Blocking with antibiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, methods could progression fibrosis. was shown number animal models but requires further verification long-term randomized controlled trials humans.

Язык: Английский

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Targeted metabolomics reveals plasma short-chain fatty acids are associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

BMC Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2024

Abstract Background Alterations in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) may reflect disturbances gut microbiota and have been linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We assessed plasma SCFAs patients with MASLD healthy controls. Methods Fasting venous blood samples were collected eight measured using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Relative between-group differences circulating SCFA concentrations estimated by linear regression, relation between concentrations, MASLD, fibrosis severity was investigated logistic regression. Results The study includes 100 (51% mild/no 49% significant fibrosis) 50 Compared controls, had higher propionate (21.8%, 95% CI 3.33 43.6, p = 0.02), formate (21.9%, 6.99 38.9, 0.003), valerate (35.7%, 4.53 76.2, α-methylbutyrate (16.2%, 3.66 30.3, 0.01) but lower acetate (− 30.0%, − 40.4 17.9, < 0.001). Among positively associated ( butyrate 0.03), 0.02). Six significantly increased F4 fibrosis. Conclusions In present study, severity, further research is needed elucidate potential mechanisms underlying our observations assess possible benefit therapies modulating microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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The Immunomodulatory Potential of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Multiple Sclerosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(6), С. 3198 - 3198

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative central nervous system (CNS) disorder, characterized by focal inflammation, demyelination, irreversible axonal loss neurodegeneration. The proposed mechanism involves auto-reactive T lymphocytes crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB), contributing to inflammation demyelination. Pro-inflammatory Th1 Th17 are pivotal in MS pathogenesis, highlighting an imbalanced interaction with regulatory cells. Dysbiosis gut microbiota, microbial imbalance implicated systemic yet its exact role remains elusive. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including valerate, butyrate, propionate, acetate, produced through dietary fiber fermentation modulate immune responses. Particularly, butyrate propionate exhibit pronounced anti-inflammatory effects both CNS. These SCFAs influence lymphocyte expression BBB permeability. This review discusses potential therapeutic implications of SCFA MS, their ability gut–brain axis restore balance.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the Role of the Gut Microbiota in Modulating Colorectal Cancer Immunity

Cells, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(17), С. 1437 - 1437

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2024

The gut microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining immune homeostasis and influencing the landscape within tumor microenvironment. This review aims to elucidate interactions between dynamics, with a focus on colorectal cancer (CRC). spans foundational concepts of immuno-microbial interplay, factors microbiome composition, evidence linking immunotherapy outcomes. Gut modulates anti-cancer immunity through several mechanisms, including enhancement surveillance modulation inflammatory responses. Specific microbial species their metabolic byproducts can significantly influence efficacy immunotherapies. Furthermore, diversity correlates clinical outcomes CRC, suggesting potential as valuable biomarker for predicting response immunotherapy. Conclusions: Understanding relationship responses offers novel therapeutic strategies development. not only influences natural history treatment CRC but also serves critical modulator activity. Further exploration into microbiome's could enhance effectiveness existing treatments guide development new modalities.

Язык: Английский

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Interactions between Dietary Antioxidants, Dietary Fiber and the Gut Microbiome: Their Putative Role in Inflammation and Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(15), С. 8250 - 8250

Опубликована: Июль 28, 2024

The intricate relationship between the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome and progression of chronic non-communicable diseases underscores significance developing strategies to modulate GI microbiota for promoting human health. administration probiotics prebiotics represents a good strategy that enhances population beneficial bacteria in intestinal lumen post-consumption, which has positive impact on In addition, dietary fibers serve as significant energy source inhabiting cecum colon. Research articles reviews sourced from various global databases were systematically analyzed using specific phrases keywords investigate these relationships. There is clear association fiber intake improved colon function, gut motility, reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Moreover, state health reflected reciprocal bidirectional relationships among food, antioxidants, inflammation, body composition. They are known their antioxidant properties ability inhibit angiogenesis, metastasis, cell proliferation. Additionally, they promote survival, immune inflammatory responses, inactivate pro-carcinogens. These actions collectively contribute role prevention. different investigations, supplements containing vitamins have been shown lower risk types. contrast, some evidence suggests taking can increase cancer. Ultimately, collaborative efforts immunologists, clinicians, nutritionists, dietitians imperative designing well-structured nutritional trials corroborate clinical efficacy therapy managing inflammation preventing carcinogenesis. This review seeks explore interrelationships fiber, microbiome, with particular focus potential implications

Язык: Английский

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