Sublethal concentration of emamectin benzoate inhibits the growth of gypsy moth by inducing digestive dysfunction and nutrient metabolism disorder

Pest Management Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 77(9), С. 4073 - 4083

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2021

Abstract BACKGROUND Gypsy moth ( Lymantria dispar ) is one of the most important pests in world. Emamectin benzoate (EMB) widely used control agricultural and forestry pests. Here, we explored sublethal effects EMB on gypsy moths order to better understand toxicological mechanism EMB. RESULTS The concentration exposure significantly decreased larvae body weight. To further explore mechanism, indicators related digestion nutrient metabolism were detected. results showed that caused midgut damage, reduced activities digestive enzymes changed content sugar amino acids. Moreover, expression insulin/phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K)/forkhead box protein O (FoxO) pathway metabolism‐related genes was abnormal. insulin receptor (InR), chico, PI3K, kinase B (Akt) reduced, phosphatase tensin homologue (PTEN) FoxO increased. glycogen phosphorylase (GP) upregulation synthase (GS), trehalase (TRE) trehalose‐phosphate (TPS) downregulation. All indicated inhibits growth by inducing injury, dysfunction disorder. In addition, injury may be apoptosis or a collateral effect damage other tissues, more extensive deeper research still needed investigate detailed mechanism. CONCLUSION Our finding strengthens understanding EMB, provides theoretical basis for application prevention moth.

Язык: Английский

---

Drosophila melanogaster: A Powerful Tiny Animal Model for the Study of Metabolic Hepatic Diseases

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2021

Animal experimentation is limited by unethical procedures, time-consuming protocols, and high cost. Thus, the development of innovative approaches for disease treatment based on alternative models in a fast, safe, economic manner an important, yet challenging goal. In this paradigm, fruit-fly Drosophila melanogaster has become powerful model biomedical research, considering its short life cycle low-cost maintenance. addition, biological processes are conserved homologs ∼75% human disease-related genes found fruit-fly. Therefore, been used to evaluate validate functional activities candidate molecules identified via vitro large-scale analyses, as putative agents treat or reverse pathological conditions. context, offers investigate molecular aspects liver diseases, since no effective therapies available those pathologies. Non-alcoholic fatty most common form chronic hepatic dysfunctions, which may progress hepatitis ultimately cirrhosis, thereby increasing risk hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This deleterious situation reinforces use accelerate research aimed at deciphering mechanisms that sustain disease. review, we illustrate relevance using address pathologies contribute area.

Язык: Английский

---

Roles of Insect Oenocytes in Physiology and Their Relevance to Human Metabolic Diseases

Frontiers in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2

Опубликована: Март 17, 2022

Oenocytes are large secretory cells present in the abdomen of insects known to synthesize very-long-chain fatty acids produce hydrocarbons and pheromones that mediate courtship behavior adult flies. In recent years, oenocytes have been implicated regulation energy metabolism. These hepatocyte-like accumulate lipid droplets under starvation can non-autonomously regulate tracheal waterproofing adipocyte composition. Here, we summarize evidence, mostly from Drosophila , establishing perform liver-like functions. We also compare functional differences fat body, another storage tissue which performs Lastly, examine signaling pathways oenocyte metabolism derived other metabolic tissues, as well oenocyte-derived signals homeostasis.

Язык: Английский

---

Bioactivity, biochemical mechanisms, and olfactory effects of the essential oil from Syzygium aromaticum and its major compound eugenol on Sitophilus zeamais L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

With the significant losses Sitophilus zeamais (Linnaeus, 1763) causes to corn from fields storage and harmful effects of excessive chemical insecticide use, this study aimed assess toxicity Syzygium aromaticum essential oil its main component, eugenol. It also looked into how they impact S. biochemical profile over time. The analyzed chromatographic data for various parameters insects, including mortality rates, repellence, deterrence, adult emergence, changes (proteins, lipids, sugars, glycogen levels). Results showed that had a lethal effect on zeamais, with an LC₉₅ 35.21 µL/L LC₅₀ 13.7 µL/L, while eugenol's was 12.74 7.33 in contact tests. Both eugenol demonstrated repellent fumigant effects, disrupting insect's biology. In terms nutritional impact, substances affected insects differently. initially increased nutrient levels but then reduced them after 48 hours, eventually led decrease. conclusion, both adverse altering crucial survival parameters. However, yielded more results is readily available commercially, making it promising candidate developing new insecticidal products.

Язык: Английский

---

Knockdown of FAS2 Impairs Fecundity by Inhibiting Lipid Accumulation and Increasing Glycogen Storage in Locusta migratoria

Insects, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(2), С. 120 - 120

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025

Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is a pivotal gene in the lipid synthesis pathway and plays crucial role insect energy metabolism. Locusta migratoria, as one of major agricultural pests, requires identification new targets to control or reduce its reproductive capacity for effective locust pest management strategies. In this study, we focused on L. migratoria identified FAS2 potential target with functional significance metabolism reproduction based sequence characteristics analysis tissue-expression patterns five FAS genes. Subsequently, through RNA interference (RNAi) targeting expression, assessed alterations carbohydrate metabolism-related expression levels, contents, ovarian development, using experimental techniques such RT-qPCR, ELISA, morphological observations. Our findings revealed that upregulated genes involved degradation, including Lsd-1, Lsd-2, Lipase3, Brummer, while significantly decreasing TAG content fat accumulation. At level metabolism, silencing led significant upregulation key TPS GS pathway, resulting increased glycogen trehalose content. addition, resulted reduction Vg mRNA sand protein followed by delayed development reduced egg production. This further confirms impaired function prompts enhance degradation sugar storage maintain balance, reducing investment into reproduction. Collectively, results study suggest can serve novel molecular controlling migratoria.

Язык: Английский

---