Hormones
mediate
inter-organ
signaling
which
is
crucial
in
orchestrating
diverse
behaviors
and
physiological
processes
including
sleep
activity,
feeding,
growth,
metabolism
reproduction.
The
pars
intercerebralis
lateralis
insects
represent
major
hubs
contain
neurosecretory
cells
(NSC)
that
produce
various
hormones.
To
obtain
insight
into
how
hormonal
regulated,
we
have
characterized
the
synaptic
connectome
of
NSC
adult
Drosophila
brain.
Identification
neurons
providing
inputs
to
multiple
subtypes
implicates
diuretic
hormone
44-expressing
as
a
coordinator
physiology
behavior.
Surprisingly,
despite
most
having
dendrites
subesophageal
zone
(primary
taste
processing
center),
gustatory
are
largely
indirect.
We
also
deciphered
pathways
via
olfactory
relayed
NSC.
Further,
our
analyses
revealed
substantial
from
descending
NSC,
suggesting
regulate
both
endocrine
motor
output
synchronize
changes
with
appropriate
behaviors.
In
contrast
inputs,
sparse
mostly
mediated
by
corazonin
Therefore,
additionally
determine
putative
paracrine
interconnectivity
between
peripheral
tissues
analyzing
single-cell
transcriptomic
datasets.
Our
comprehensive
characterization
network
provides
platform
understand
complex
networks
they
orchestrate
animal
physiology.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
121(11)
Опубликована: Март 5, 2024
The
animal
foregut
is
the
first
tissue
to
encounter
ingested
food,
bacteria,
and
viruses.
We
characterized
adult
Drosophila
using
transcriptomics
better
understand
how
it
triages
consumed
items
for
digestion
or
immune
response
manages
resources.
Cell
types
were
assigned
validated
GFP-tagged
Gal4
reporter
lines.
Foregut-associated
neuroendocrine
cells
play
a
major
integrative
role
by
coordinating
gut
activity
with
nutrition,
microbiome,
circadian
cycles;
some
express
clock
genes.
Multiple
epithelial
cell
comprise
proventriculus,
central
organ
that
secretes
peritrophic
matrix
(PM)
lining
gut.
Analyzing
synthesizing
individual
PM
layers
revealed
abundant
mucin
production
close
enterocytes,
similar
mammalian
intestinal
mucosa.
esophagus
salivary
gland
secreted
proteins
likely
line
esophageal
surface,
of
which
may
generate
commensal
niche
housing
specific
microbiome
species.
Overall,
our
results
imply
coordinates
dietary
sensing,
hormonal
regulation,
immunity
in
manner
has
been
conserved
during
evolution.
Current Opinion in Insect Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
63, С. 101198 - 101198
Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2024
Diapause
is
an
endocrine-mediated
strategy
used
by
insects
to
survive
seasons
of
adverse
environmental
conditions.
Insects
living
in
temperate
zones
are
regularly
exposed
such
conditions
the
form
winter.
To
winter,
they
must
prepare
for
it
long
before
arrives.
A
reliable
indicator
impending
winter
shortening
day
length.
measure
length,
need
their
circadian
clock
as
internal
time
reference.
In
this
article,
I
provide
overview
current
state
knowledge
on
neuropeptides
that
link
diapause
inducing
hormonal
brain
centers.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
Abstract
Hormones
mediate
inter-organ
signaling
which
is
crucial
in
orchestrating
diverse
behaviors
and
physiological
processes
including
sleep
activity,
feeding,
growth,
metabolism
reproduction.
The
pars
intercerebralis
lateralis
insects
represent
major
hubs
contain
neurosecretory
cells
(NSC)
that
produce
various
hormones.
To
obtain
insight
into
how
hormonal
regulated,
we
have
characterized
the
synaptic
connectome
of
NSC
adult
Drosophila
brain.
Identification
neurons
providing
inputs
to
multiple
subtypes
implicates
diuretic
hormone
44-expressing
as
a
coordinator
physiology
behavior.
Surprisingly,
despite
most
having
dendrites
subesophageal
zone
(primary
taste
processing
center),
gustatory
are
largely
indirect.
We
also
deciphered
pathways
via
olfactory
relayed
NSC.
Further,
our
analyses
revealed
substantial
from
descending
NSC,
suggesting
regulate
both
endocrine
motor
output
synchronize
changes
with
appropriate
behaviors.
In
contrast
inputs,
sparse
mostly
mediated
by
corazonin
Therefore,
additionally
determine
putative
paracrine
interconnectivity
between
peripheral
tissues
analyzing
single-cell
transcriptomic
datasets.
Our
comprehensive
characterization
network
provides
platform
understand
complex
networks
they
orchestrate
animal
physiology.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
121(43)
Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2024
Dietary
restriction
(DR)
slows
aging
in
many
animals,
while
some
cases,
the
sensory
signals
from
diet
alone
are
sufficient
to
retard
or
accelerate
lifespan.
The
digestive
tract
is
a
candidate
location
sense
nutrients,
where
neuropeptides
secreted
by
enteroendocrine
cells
(EEC)
produce
systemic
response
food.
Here,
we
measure
how
Drosophila
neuropeptide
F
(NPF)
into
adult
circulation
EEC
and
find
that
specific
differentially
respond
dietary
sugar
yeast.
Female
lifespan
increased
when
gut
NPF
genetically
depleted,
this
manipulation
blunt
longevity
benefit
conferred
DR.
Depletion
of
receptors
at
insulin-producing
neurons
brain
also
increases
female
lifespan,
consistent
with
observations
loss
decreases
neuronal
insulin
secretion.
repressing
reversed
treating
adults
juvenile
hormone
(JH)
analog.
JH
produced
corpora
allata,
inhibition
receptor
tissue
titer
extends
both
males
females,
restored
wild
type
Overall,
modulate
through
interorgan
communication
mediated
gut–brain–corpora
allata
axis,
impacts
its
control
titer.
These
data
suggest
consider
human
incretins
their
analogs,
which
used
treat
obesity
diabetes,
may
impact
aging.
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
118(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
The
primary
vector
of
the
West
Nile
virus,
Culex
pipiens
,
undergoes
reproductive
dormancy
during
adverse
winter
season.
While
our
current
understanding
has
mainly
focused
on
cellular
signals
and
phenotypic
shifts
occurring
at
a
global
scale
diapause,
information
tissue‐specific
transcriptomic
changes
remains
limited.
This
knowledge
gap
is
major
challenge
in
interpreting
regulatory
mechanisms
tissue
level.
To
address
this,
present
work
utilized
RNA‐seq
technology
to
investigate
transcriptional
head
that
house
brain
crucial
endocrinal
organs
such
as
corpora
allata.
We
obtained
RNA
samples
from
heads
diapausing
nondiapausing
female
mosquitoes
two
specific
time
intervals,
ZT0
ZT16,
then
subjected
them
sequencing.
Our
results
revealed
differences
differentially
expressed
genes
between
diapause
non‐diapause
highlighting
diel
variations
gene
expression.
also
selected
twelve
associated
with
phenotype
examined
transcript
abundance
six
different
points
over
24
h.
qRT‐PCR
analysis
showed
similar
up‐
downregulation
transcripts
nondiapause
phenotypes
thus
validating
RNA‐seq.
In
summary,
study
identified
new
differentiation
their
expression,
potentially
linking
photoperiod
seasonal
insects.
newly
presented
will
significantly
advance
head‐specific
for
insect
diapause.
European Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
61(5)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Circadian
rhythms
influence
various
physiological
and
behavioral
processes
such
as
sleep–wake
cycles,
hormone
secretion,
metabolism.
In
Drosophila
,
an
important
set
of
circadian
output
neurons
is
called
pars
intercerebralis
(PI)
neurons,
which
receive
input
from
specific
clock
DN1.
These
DN1
can
further
be
subdivided
into
functionally
anatomically
distinctive
anterior
(DN1a)
posterior
(DN1p)
clusters.
The
neuropeptide
diuretic
hormones
31
(Dh31)
44
(Dh44)
are
the
insect
neuropeptides
known
to
activate
PI
control
activity
rhythms.
However,
neurophysiological
basis
how
Dh31
Dh44
affect
neural
coding
mechanisms
underlying
sleep
in
not
well
understood.
Here,
we
identify
Dh31/Dh44‐dependent
spike
time
precision
plasticity
neurons.
We
first
find
that
a
mixture
enhanced
firing
compared
application
alone
alone.
next
synthesized
affects
membrane
potential
dynamics
precise
timing
neuronal
through
their
synergistic
interaction,
possibly
mediated
by
calcium‐activated
potassium
channel
conductance.
Further,
characterize
Dh31/Dh44
enhances
postsynaptic
potentials
Together,
these
results
suggest
multiplexed
neuropeptide‐dependent
.
Gamete
development
is
a
fundamental
process
that
highly
conserved
from
early
eukaryotes
to
mammals.
As
germ
cells
develop,
they
must
coordinate
dynamic
series
of
cellular
processes
support
growth,
cell
specification,
patterning,
the
loading
maternal
factors
(RNAs,
proteins,
and
nutrients),
differentiation
structures
enable
fertilization
ensure
embryonic
survival,
other
make
functional
oocyte.
To
achieve
these
goals,
integrate
complex
milieu
environmental
developmental
signals
produce
fertilizable
eggs.
Over
past
50
years,
Drosophila
oogenesis
has
risen
forefront
as
system
interrogate
sophisticated
mechanisms
drive
oocyte
development.
Studies
in
have
defined
control
meiosis,
protect
genome
integrity,
facilitate
mRNA
trafficking,
nutrients.
Work
this
provided
key
insights
into
establish
egg
chamber
polarity
patterning
well
ovulation
activation.
Using
power
genetics,
field
begun
define
molecular
stresses
nutrient
availability
with
Importantly,
majority
reproductive
are
throughout
evolution,
many
play
critical
roles
somatic
tissues
well.
In
chapter,
we
summarize
recent
progress
several
areas
impact
ovulation.
First,
discuss
storage
trafficking
during
maturation
vitellogenesis.
Second,
examine
regulate
follicle
how
impacts
construction
shell
establishment
polarity.
Finally,
regulatory
ovulation,
activation,
successful
fertilization.
Journal of Insect Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Abstract
The
spotted
amber
ladybird,
Hippodamia
variegata
(Goeze)
(Coleoptera:
Coccinellidae),
is
known
to
be
a
potent
predator
of
aphids,
psyllids,
whiteflies,
mealybugs,
and
some
butterfly
species.
This
ladybeetle
overwinters
in
the
diapausing
adult
stage.
current
study
aimed
evaluate
impact
diapause
on
energy
resources
cuticular
hydrocarbons
(CHCs)
female
ladybeetle,
specifically
comparing
changes
glycogen,
lipid,
protein
contents,
CHCs
profile
non-diapausing
adults.
In
this
study,
gas
chromatography-mass
was
used
analyze
whole-body
extracts
beetles.
Results
showed
no
significant
differences
between
amount
contents
ladybeetle.
H.
consisted
24
categorized
into
2
groups:
linear
aliphatic
(n-alkanes)
methyl-branched
(17
molecules),
as
well
unsaturated
cyclic
compounds
(7
molecules).
n-alkanes,
with
14
compounds,
were
identified
primary
constituents
Six
molecules
common
beetles,
5
exclusive
13
Moreover,
we
noted
difference
quantity
quality
beetles
synthesizing
more
longer
chains.
disparity
CHC
profiles
concluded
an
adaptation
survive
harsh
environmental
conditions
during
diapause.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024
Protein
is
essential
for
all
living
organisms;
however,
excessive
protein
intake
can
have
adverse
effects,
such
as
hyperammonemia.
Although
mechanisms
responding
to
deficiency
are
well-studied,
there
a
significant
gap
in
our
understanding
of
how
organisms
adaptively
suppress
intake.
In
the
present
study,
utilizing
fruit
fly,
Drosophila
melanogaster,
we
discover
that
peptide
hormone
CCHamide1
(CCHa1),
secreted
by
enteroendocrine
cells
response
high-protein
diet
(HPD),
vital
suppressing
overconsumption
protein.
Gut-derived
CCHa1
received
small
subset
enteric
neurons
produce
short
neuropeptide
F,
thereby
modulating
protein-specific
satiety.
Importantly,
impairment
CCHa1-mediated
gut-enteric
neuronal
axis
results
ammonia
accumulation
and
shortened
lifespan
under
HPD
conditions.
Collectively,
findings
unravel
crosstalk
gut
pathways
orchestrate
physiological
responses
prevent
adapt
dietary
overload.
