Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
42(9), С. 113088 - 113088
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023
Cortical
circuit
function
is
regulated
by
extensively
interconnected,
diverse
populations
of
GABAergic
interneurons
that
may
play
key
roles
in
shaping
operation
according
to
behavioral
context.
A
specialized
population
co-express
vasoactive
intestinal
peptides
(VIP-INs)
are
activated
during
arousal
and
innervate
other
INs
pyramidal
neurons
(PNs).
Although
state-dependent
modulation
VIP-INs
has
been
studied,
their
role
regulating
sensory
processing
less
well
understood.
We
examined
the
impact
primary
visual
cortex
awake
behaving
mice.
Loss
VIP-IN
activity
alters
somatostatin-expressing
(SST-INs)
but
not
PNs.
In
contrast,
reduced
globally
disrupts
feature
selectivity
for
stimulus
size.
Moreover,
on
perceptual
behavior
varies
with
context
more
acute
small
than
large
cues.
thus
contribute
both
cortical
context-dependent
performance.
Nature,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
615(7954), С. 884 - 891
Опубликована: Март 15, 2023
Abstract
Calcium
imaging
with
protein-based
indicators
1,2
is
widely
used
to
follow
neural
activity
in
intact
nervous
systems,
but
current
protein
sensors
report
at
timescales
much
slower
than
electrical
signalling
and
are
limited
by
trade-offs
between
sensitivity
kinetics.
Here
we
large-scale
screening
structure-guided
mutagenesis
develop
optimize
several
fast
sensitive
GCaMP-type
3–8
.
The
resulting
‘jGCaMP8’
sensors,
based
on
the
calcium-binding
calmodulin
a
fragment
of
endothelial
nitric
oxide
synthase,
have
ultra-fast
kinetics
(half-rise
times
2
ms)
highest
for
reported
calcium
sensor.
jGCaMP8
will
allow
tracking
large
populations
neurons
relevant
computation.
Trends in Neurosciences,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
44(3), С. 227 - 240
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2020
The
role
of
the
prefrontal
cortex
(PFC)
takes
center
stage
among
unanswered
questions
in
modern
neuroscience.
PFC
has
a
Janus-faced
nature:
it
enables
sophisticated
cognitive
and
social
abilities
that
reach
their
maximum
expression
humans,
yet
underlies
some
devastating
symptoms
psychiatric
disorders.
Accordingly,
appropriate
development
is
crucial
for
many
high-order
dysregulation
this
process
been
linked
to
various
neuropsychiatric
diseases.
Reviewing
recent
advances
field,
with
primary
focus
on
rodents
we
highlight
why,
despite
differences
across
species,
cross-species
approach
fruitful
strategy
understanding
development.
We
briefly
review
developmental
contribution
molecules
extensively
discuss
how
electrical
activity
controls
early
maturation
wiring
areas,
as
well
emergence
refinement
input-output
circuitry
involved
processing.
Finally,
mechanisms
dysfunction
relevance
Fluorescent
calcium
indicators
are
often
used
to
investigate
neural
dynamics,
but
the
relationship
between
fluorescence
and
action
potentials
(APs)
remains
unclear.
Most
APs
can
be
detected
when
soma
almost
fills
microscope's
field
of
view,
image
populations
neurons,
necessitating
a
large
generating
fewer
photons
per
neuron,
compromising
AP
detection.
Here,
we
characterized
AP-fluorescence
transfer
function
in
vivo
for
48
layer
2/3
pyramidal
neurons
primary
visual
cortex,
with
simultaneous
imaging
cell-attached
recordings
from
transgenic
mice
expressing
GCaMP6s
or
GCaMP6f.
While
most
were
under
optimal
conditions,
conditions
typical
population
studies,
only
minority
1
2
events
(often
<10%
~20-30%,
respectively),
emphasizing
limits
detection
more
realistic
conditions.Neurons,
cells
that
make
up
nervous
system,
transmit
information
using
electrical
signals
known
as
spikes.
Studying
spiking
patterns
brain
is
essential
understand
perception,
memory,
thought,
behaviour.
One
way
do
by
recording
activity
microelectrodes.
Another
study
neuronal
molecules
change
how
they
interact
light
binds
them,
since
changes
concentration
indicative
spiking.
That
observed
specialized
microscopes
know
two-photon
microscopes.
Using
indicators,
it
possible
simultaneously
record
hundreds
even
thousands
neurons.
However,
spikes
not
translate
one-to-one.
In
order
interpret
data,
important
associated
individual
The
directly
measure
this
same
neuron.
extremely
challenging
experimentally,
so
type
data
rare.
To
shed
some
on
this,
Huang,
Ledochowitsch
et
al.
had
been
genetically
modified
produce
indicator
cortex
obtained
both
measurements
these
These
experiments
revealed
that,
while
majority
time
periods
containing
multi-spike
could
identified
microscopy,
average,
less
than
10%
isolated
single
detectable.
This
an
caveat
researchers
need
take
into
consideration
interpreting
results.
findings
intended
serve
guide
studies
look
at
mammalian
level.
addition,
provided
will
useful
reference
development
sensors,
benchmark
improve
computational
approaches
detecting
predicting
Cell,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
186(19), С. 4134 - 4151.e31
Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2023
Changes
in
an
animal's
behavior
and
internal
state
are
accompanied
by
widespread
changes
activity
across
its
brain.
However,
how
neurons
the
brain
encode
this
is
impacted
poorly
understood.
We
recorded
brain-wide
diverse
motor
programs
of
freely
moving
C.
elegans
built
probabilistic
models
that
explain
each
neuron
encodes
quantitative
behavioral
features.
By
determining
identities
neurons,
we
created
atlas
defined
classes
connectome
behavior.
Many
have
conjunctive
representations
multiple
behaviors.
Moreover,
although
many
current
actions,
others
integrate
recent
actions.
behavior,
identify
these
flexible
nodes
connectome.
Our
results
provide
a
global
map
cell
types
The Journal of Physiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
602(8), С. 1595 - 1604
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2023
Abstract
We
review
the
principles
of
development
and
deployment
genetically
encoded
calcium
indicators
(GECIs)
for
detection
neural
activity.
Our
focus
is
on
popular
GCaMP
family
green
GECIs,
culminating
in
recent
release
jGCaMP8
sensors,
with
dramatically
improved
kinetics
relative
to
previous
generations.
summarize
properties
GECIs
multiple
colour
channels
(blue,
cyan,
green,
yellow,
red,
far‐red)
highlight
areas
further
improvement.
With
their
low‐millisecond
rise‐times,
allow
new
classes
experiments
following
activity
time
frames
approaching
underlying
computations.
image
