Juvenile Hormone Biosynthesis in Insects: What Is New, What Do We Know, and What Questions Remain?

International Scholarly Research Notices, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 2014, С. 1 - 16

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2014

Our understanding of JH biosynthesis has significantly changed in the last years. In this review I would like to discuss following topics: (1) progresses pathway. Access genome sequences facilitated identification all genes encoding biosynthetic enzymes and completion comprehensive transcriptional studies, as well expression characterization recombinant enzymes. Now existence different flux directionalites, feed-back loops pathway branching points pathways can be explored; (2) new concepts modulation synthesis by allatoregulators. The list putative modulators is increasing. will their possible role during physiological states CA; (3) theoretical frameworks for analysis. bases model biosynthesis. plays multiple roles control ovary development female mosquitoes; therefore, CA presents states, where altered gating at distinctive pathway; (4) final section identify challenges future directions on research.

Язык: Английский

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Transcriptome analysis of neuropeptides and G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) for neuropeptides in the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

Peptides, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 53, С. 125 - 133

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2013

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Peptide Hormones in Insect Lipid Metabolism

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Май 7, 2020

Lipids are the primary storage molecules and an essential source of energy in insects during reproduction, prolonged periods flight, starvation, diapause. The coordination center for insect lipid metabolism is fat body, which analogous to vertebrate adipose tissue liver. body primarily composed adipocytes, accumulate triacylglycerols intracellular droplets. Genomics proteomics, together with functional analyses, such as RNA interference CRISPR/Cas9-targeted genome editing, identified various genes involved elucidated their functions. However, endocrine control metabolism, particular roles peptide hormones lipogenesis lipolysis relatively less-known topics. In current review, neuropeptides that directly or indirectly affect introduced. lipolytic lipogenic adipokinetic hormone brain insulin-like peptides (ILP2, ILP3, ILP5). Other neuropeptides, insulin-growth factor ILP6, neuropeptide F, allatostatin-A, corazonin, leucokinin, tachykinins limostatin, might stimulate lipolysis, while diapause hormone-pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide, short CCHamide-2, cytokines Unpaired 1 2 induce lipogenesis. Most these interact one another, but mostly insulin signaling, therefore indirectly. Peptide also diapause, infections immunity; highlighted. review concludes a discussion potential metabolism-related pest management.

Язык: Английский

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Neuropeptides in the cerebral ganglia of the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain: transcriptomic analysis and expression profiles during vitellogenesis

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2015

Abstract Neuropeptides play a critical role in regulating animal reproduction. In vertebrates, GnRH, GnIH and kisspeptin are the key neuropeptide hormones of reproductive axis, however, axis for invertebrates is vague. Knowledge on ovarian development mud crab, Scylla paramamosain , aquaculture resources management commercially important species. This study employed Illumina sequencing, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction quantitative real-time PCR techniques to identify neuropeptides that may be involved S. . A total 32 transcripts from two dozen families, 100 distinct mature peptides were predicted transcriptome data female cerebral ganglia. Among them, i.e. GSEFLamide WXXXRamide, first identified ganglia crustaceans. Of these neuropeptides, 21 interest selected further confirmation all them detected ganglia, as well other nervous tissues ovary. Most also had differential expression during various vitellogenic stages, suggesting their likely involvement vitellogenesis maturation. Overall, findings provide an basis subsequent studies peptide function reproduction

Язык: Английский

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Midgut-derived neuropeptide F controls germline stem cell proliferation in a mating-dependent manner

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 16(9), С. e2005004 - e2005004

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2018

Stem cell maintenance is established by neighboring niche cells that promote stem self-renewal. However, it poorly understood how activity regulated systemic, tissue-extrinsic signals in response to environmental cues and changes physiological status. Here, we show neuropeptide F (NPF) signaling plays an important role the pathway regulating mating-induced germline (GSC) proliferation fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. NPF expressed enteroendocrine (EECs) of midgut released seminal-fluid protein sex peptide (SP) upon mating. This midgut-derived controls GSC via ovarian receptor (NPFR) activity, which modulates bone morphogenetic (BMP) levels GSCs. Our study provides a molecular mechanism describes gut-derived systemic factor couples behavior status, such as mating, through interorgan communication.

Язык: Английский

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Endocrine network essential for reproductive success in Drosophila melanogaster

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 114(19)

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2017

Ecdysis-triggering hormone (ETH) was originally discovered and characterized as a molt termination signal in insects through its regulation of the ecdysis sequence. Here we report that ETH persists adult Drosophila melanogaster, where it functions an obligatory allatotropin to promote juvenile (JH) production reproduction. signaling deficits lead sharply reduced JH levels consequent reductions ovary size, egg production, yolk deposition mature oocytes. Expression receptor genes is turn dependent on ecdysone (20E). Furthermore, 20E knockdown specifically Inka cells reduces fecundity. Our findings indicate canonical developmental roles 20E, ETH, during stages are repurposed function endocrine network essential for reproductive success.

Язык: Английский

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Hormonal axes in Drosophila: regulation of hormone release and multiplicity of actions

Cell and Tissue Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 382(2), С. 233 - 266

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2020

Hormones regulate development, as well many vital processes in the daily life of an animal. Many these hormones are peptides that act at a higher hierarchical level animal with roles organizers globally orchestrate metabolism, physiology and behavior. Peptide can on multiple peripheral targets simultaneously convey basal states, such metabolic status sleep-awake or arousal across central neuronal circuits. Thereby, they coordinate responses to changing internal external environments. The activity neurosecretory cells is controlled either by (1) cell autonomous sensors, (2) other neurons relay signals from sensors tissues (3) feedback target cells. Thus, hormonal signaling axis commonly comprises several components. In mammals vertebrates, axes known, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid reproduction respectively. It has been proposed basic organization evolutionarily old cellular homologs hypothalamic-pituitary system be found for instance insects. To obtain appreciation similarities between insect vertebrate axes, we review systems Drosophila. Our outlines major peptidergic pathways known Drosophila presents set schemes orchestrating systems. detailed larval adult displays only very those arthropods vertebrates.

Язык: Английский

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G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs): Signaling Pathways, Characterization, and Functions in Insect Physiology and Toxicology

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(10), С. 5260 - 5260

Опубликована: Май 17, 2021

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are known to play central roles in the physiology of many organisms. Members this seven α-helical transmembrane protein family transduce extracellular signals and regulate intracellular second messengers through coupling heterotrimeric G-proteins, adenylate cyclase, cAMPs, kinases. As a result critical function GPCRs cell biochemistry, they not only important biology medicines used treat wide range human diseases but also insects’ physiological functions. Recent studies have revealed expression insecticide resistance, improving our understanding molecular complexes governing development resistance. This article focuses on review G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathways insect physiology, including reproduction, growth development, stress responses, feeding, behaviors, other processes. Hormones polypeptides that involved GPCR regulatory reviewed. The gives brief introduction organisms general. At end review, it provides recent focusing particular current knowledge their downstream regulation resistance P450 gene expression. latest insights into exciting technological advances new techniques for functional characterization insects provided.

Язык: Английский

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Endocrine factors modulating vitellogenesis and oogenesis in insects: An update

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 587, С. 112211 - 112211

Опубликована: Март 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Peptidergic paracrine and endocrine cells in the midgut of the fruit fly maggot

Cell and Tissue Research, Год журнала: 2009, Номер 336(2), С. 309 - 323

Опубликована: Март 24, 2009

Язык: Английский

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