Journal of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 72(3), С. 160 - 171
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024
Язык: Английский
The journal of nutrition health & aging, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 29(1), С. 100401 - 100401
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Aging, a universal and inevitable process, is characterized by progressive accumulation of physiological alterations functional decline over time, leading to increased vulnerability diseases ultimately mortality as age advances. Lifestyle factors, notably physical activity (PA) exercise, significantly modulate aging phenotypes. Physical exercise can prevent or ameliorate lifestyle-related diseases, extend health span, enhance function, reduce the burden non-communicable chronic including cardiometabolic disease, cancer, musculoskeletal neurological conditions, respiratory well premature mortality. influences cellular molecular drivers biological aging, slowing rates-a foundational aspect geroscience. Thus, PA serves both preventive medicine therapeutic agent in pathological states. Sub-optimal levels correlate with disease prevalence populations. Structured prescriptions should therefore be customized monitored like any other medical treatment, considering dose-response relationships specific adaptations necessary for intended outcomes. Current guidelines recommend multifaceted regimen that includes aerobic, resistance, balance, flexibility training through structured incidental (integrated lifestyle) activities. Tailored programs have proven effective helping older adults maintain their capacities, extending enhancing quality life. Particularly important are anabolic exercises, such Progressive resistance (PRT), which indispensable maintaining improving capacity adults, particularly those frailty, sarcopenia osteoporosis, hospitalized residential aged care. Multicomponent interventions include cognitive tasks hallmarks frailty (low body mass, strength, mobility, level, energy) thus preventing falls optimizing during aging. Importantly, PA/exercise displays characteristics varies between individuals, necessitating personalized modalities tailored conditions. Precision remains significant area further research, given global impact broad effects PA. Economic analyses underscore cost benefits programs, justifying broader integration into care adults. However, despite these benefits, far from fully integrated practice people. Many healthcare professionals, geriatricians, need more incorporate directly patient care, whether settings hospitals, outpatient clinics, Education about use isolated adjunctive treatment geriatric syndromes would do much ease problems polypharmacy widespread prescription potentially inappropriate medications. This intersection prescriptive practices offers promising approach well-being An strategy combines pharmacotherapy optimize vitality independence people whilst minimizing adverse drug reactions. consensus provides rationale promotion, prevention, management strategies Guidelines included dosages efficacy randomized controlled trials. Descriptions beneficial changes, attenuation phenotypes, role disability provided. The sarcopenia, neuropsychological emphasized. Recommendations bridge existing knowledge implementation gaps integrate mainstream Particular attention paid it applies geroscience, inter-individual variability adaptation demonstrated adult cohorts. Overall, this foundation applying current base an population span
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
33
Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025
This review aimed to elucidate the mechanisms through which (i) physical activity (PA) enhances neuroplasticity and cognitive function in neurodegenerative disorders, (ii) identify specific PA interventions for improving rehabilitation programs. We conducted a literature search PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, covering publications from January 1990 August 2024. The strategy employed key terms related neuroplasticity, exercise, function, personalized activity. Inclusion criteria included original research on relationship between while exclusion eliminated studies focusing solely pharmacological interventions. identified multiple pathways may enhance including releasing neurotrophic factors, modulation neuroinflammation, reduction oxidative stress, enhancement synaptic connectivity neurogenesis. Aerobic exercise was found increase hippocampal volume by 1–2% improve executive scores 5–10% older adults. Resistance training enhanced control memory performance 12–18% elderly individuals. Mind–body exercises, such as yoga tai-chi, improved gray matter density memory-related brain regions 3–5% emotional regulation 15–20%. Dual-task attention processing speed 8–14% individuals with disorders. also discuss potential role AI-based AI preventing rehabilitating illnesses, highlighting innovative approaches patient outcomes. significantly disorders various mechanisms. resistance training, mind–body practices, dual-task exercises each offer unique benefits. Implementing these activities clinical settings can Future should focus creating tailored conditions, incorporating programs optimize rehabilitation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
Revista Científica de Salud y Desarrollo Humano, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(2), С. 249 - 273
Опубликована: Май 8, 2024
El envejecimiento poblacional demanda estrategias efectivas para fomentar la salud y el bienestar en adultos mayores, centrando importancia de actividad física como pilar fundamental prevención tratamiento enfermedades. Este estudio evalúa los efectos del ejercicio aeróbico entrenamiento resistencia marcadores biológicos clave geriátrica, destacando necesidad programas personalizados que respondan a las necesidades únicas este grupo demográfico. Para garantizar fiabilidad resultados, se siguieron rigurosas metodologías, incluida revisión sistemática basada protocolo PRISMA, metaanálisis evaluaciones cualitativas cuantitativas controlar sesgos. Los hallazgos indican que, mientras mejora función cardiovascular perfiles metabólicos, preserva muscular previene sarcopenia. La investigación revela combinar ambas formas intervenciones destinadas mejorar abriendo futuras líneas indagación sobre personalización ejercicio. análisis concienzudo estudios científicos apoya implementación tanto dirigidos subrayando impactos significativos musculoesquelética cardiovascular. insta práctica clínica actividades físicas adaptadas al perfil individual mayor, con miras un activo saludable. metodología rigurosa falta sesgo resultados refuerzan validez recomendar ejercicios mixtos integral condición biológica tercera edad.
Процитировано
15
Aging and Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 0 - 0
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
This review delves into the multifaceted aspects of age-related balance changes, highlighting their prevalence, underlying causes, and impact they have on elderly population. Central to this discussion is exploration various physiological changes that occur with aging, such as alterations in vestibular, visual, proprioceptive systems, musculoskeletal degeneration. We examine role neurological disorders, cognitive decline, medication side effects exacerbating issues. The underscores significance early detection effective intervention strategies mitigating risks associated problems, falls reduced mobility. It discusses effectiveness diverse strategies, including exercise programs, rehabilitation techniques, technological advancements like virtual reality, wearable devices, telemedicine. Additionally, stresses importance a holistic approach managing encompassing review, addressing comorbidities, environmental modifications. paper also presents future research directions, emphasizing need for deeper understanding complex mechanisms aging potential emerging technologies interdisciplinary approaches enhancing assessment methods. comprehensive aims provide valuable insights healthcare providers, researchers, policymakers developing targeted improve quality life ensure well-being
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
Stroke, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 55(4), С. 812 - 821
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia, specifically cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), are the second most common cause of dementia. Currently, there no specific pharmacological treatments for CSVD, use conventional antidementia drugs is not recommended. Exercise has potential prevent mitigate CSVD-related brain damage improve function. Mechanistic pathways underlying neurocognitive benefits exercise include control vascular risk factors, improving endothelial function, upregulating exerkines. Notably, therapeutic efficacy may vary by type (ie, aerobic versus resistance training) biological sex; thus, studies designed examine these moderating factors within a CSVD context needed. Furthermore, future research should prioritize training interventions, given their tremendous potential. Addressing knowledge gaps will help us refine recommendations maximize impact in prevention mitigation CSVD.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10
Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(11), С. 1133 - 1133
Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2024
Unlike enriched environments for rodents, human-built often hinder neuroplasticity through sedentary lifestyles, to which exercise can merely overcome its adverse effects. This paper introduces "environmental affordance physical activity" quantify the potential of spatial layout designs stimulate activity and sustain neuroplasticity, mainly hippocampal neurogenesis.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
Experimental Gerontology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 196, С. 112579 - 112579
Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024
Non-pharmacological interventions have a myriad of available intervention options and contain multiple components. Whether specific components non-pharmacological or combinations are superior to others remains unclear. The main aim this study is compare the effects different their on health-related outcomes in adults with subjective cognitive decline.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Behavioural Brain Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 115342 - 115342
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Journal of Neurology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 270(11), С. 5251 - 5273
Опубликована: Июль 21, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4