Inflammasomes in Alveolar Bone Loss

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2021

Bone remodeling is tightly controlled by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated formation. Fine tuning of the osteoclast–osteoblast balance results in strict synchronization formation, which maintains structural integrity tissue homeostasis; contrast, dysregulated may cause pathological osteolysis, inflammation plays a vital role promoting destruction. The alveolar presents high turnover rate, complex associations with tooth periodontium, susceptibility to oral pathogenic insults mechanical stress, enhance its complexity host defense remodeling. Alveolar loss also involved systemic destruction affected medication or factors. Therefore, it essential investigate osteoimmunological mechanisms dysregulation inflammasome supramolecular protein assembled response pattern recognition receptors damage-associated molecular patterns, leading maturation secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines activation inflammatory responses. Pyroptosis downstream facilitates clearance intracellular pathogens irritants. However, inadequate excessive activity allow for persistent infection spreading uncontrolled bone, as commonly observed periodontitis, periapical peri-implantitis, orthodontic movement, medication-related osteonecrosis jaw, nonsterile sterile osteomyelitis osteoporosis. In this review, we present framework understanding mechanism canonical noncanonical inflammasomes pathogenesis development etiologically diverse diseases associated loss. Inappropriate drive osteolysis regulating cellular players, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, periodontal ligament cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, adaptive immune such T helper 17 causing increased osteoclast activity, decreased osteoblast enhanced periodontium creating milieu context- cell type-dependent manner. We discuss promising therapeutic strategies targeting inappropriate treatment Novel inhibiting signaling facilitate versatile drugs that carefully beneficial contributions defense.

Язык: Английский

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Exercise and Nutrition Impact on Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia—The Incidence of Osteosarcopenia: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(12), С. 4499 - 4499

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2021

Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are diseases which affect the myoskeletal system often occur in older adults. They characterized by low bone density loss of muscle mass strength, factors reduce quality life mobility. Recently, apart from pharmaceutical interventions, many studies have focused on non-pharmaceutical approaches for prevention osteoporosis with exercise nutrition to being most important well studied those. The purpose current narrative review is describe role adults define incidence osteosarcopenia. Most publications were included this show that resistance endurance exercises prevent development sarcopenia. Furthermore, protein vitamin D intake, as a healthy diet, present protective against above diseases. However, scientific data not sufficient reaching solid conclusions. Although roles seem been largely evaluated literature over recent years, conducted high heterogeneity small sample sizes. Therefore, they cannot reach final In addition, osteosarcopenia seems be caused effects elderly. Larger meta-analyses randomized controlled trials needed designed based strict inclusion criteria, order exact

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Osteoclast Energy Metabolism in the Occurrence and Development of Osteoporosis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Май 12, 2021

In recent decades, the mechanism underlying bone metabolic disorders based on energy metabolism has been heavily researched. Bone resorption by osteoclasts plays an important role in occurrence and development of osteoporosis. However, osteoclast disorder that interferes with homeostasis not determined. is a process consumes large amounts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produced glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation. addition to glucose, fatty acids amino can also be used as substrates produce through this review, we summarize analyze energy-based phenotypic changes, epigenetic regulation, coupling systemic during progression At same time, propose hypothesis, compensatory recovery (involving balance between survival functional activation), which may provide new approach for treatment

Язык: Английский

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Electroactive Biomaterials for Facilitating Bone Defect Repair under Pathological Conditions

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(2)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022

Bone degeneration associated with various diseases is increasing due to rapid aging, sedentary lifestyles, and unhealthy diets. Living bone tissue has bioelectric properties critical remodeling, under pathological conditions results in significant changes these properties. There growing interest utilizing biomimetic electroactive biomaterials that recapitulate the natural electrophysiological microenvironment of healthy promote repair. This review first summarizes etiology degenerative such as type II diabetes, osteoporosis, periodontitis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteomyelitis, metastatic osteolysis. Next, diverse array synthetic therapeutic potential are discussed. Putative mechanistic pathways by which can mitigate critically examined, including enhancement osteogenesis angiogenesis, suppression inflammation osteoclastogenesis, well their anti-bacterial effects. Finally, limited research on utilization treatment aforementioned examined. Previous studies have mostly focused using treat traumatic injuries. It hoped this will encourage more efforts use for treating conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Osteoporosis: Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(19), С. 14583 - 14583

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2023

Osteoporosis is a major public health concern affecting millions of people worldwide and resulting in significant economic costs. The condition characterized by changes bone homeostasis, which lead to reduced mass, impaired quality, an increased risk fractures. pathophysiology osteoporosis complex multifactorial, involving imbalances hormones, cytokines, growth factors. Understanding the cellular molecular mechanisms underlying essential for appropriate diagnosis management condition. This paper provides comprehensive review normal followed in-depth discussion proposed through osteoimmunological, gut microbiome, senescence models. Furthermore, diagnostic tools used assess osteoporosis, including mineral density measurements, biochemical markers turnover, imaging modalities, are also discussed. Finally, both current pharmacological non-pharmacological treatment algorithms options exploration osteoporotic fragility fractures, highlighted. reveals need further research fully elucidate develop more effective therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Lactobacillus plantarum attenuates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by altering the composition of rat gut microbiota and serum metabolic profile

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Introduction Osteoporosis, one of the most common non-communicable human diseases worldwide, is prevalent disease adult skeleton. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis(GIOP) foremost form secondary osteoporosis, extensively researched due to its prevalence.Probiotics constitute a primary bioactive component within numerous foods, offering promise as potential biological intervention for preventing and treating osteoporosis. This study aimed evaluate beneficial effects probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum on bone health underlying mechanisms in rat model glucocorticoid dexamethasone-induced using osteoporosis treatment drug alendronate reference. Methods We examined microstructure (Micro-CT HE staining) analyzed gut microbiome serum metabolome rats. Results discussion The results revealed that L. significantly restored parameters microstructure, with elevated density, increased number thickness trabeculae, decreased Tb.Sp. Gut microbiota sequencing showed microbial diversity ratio Firmicutes Bacteroidota decreased. Beneficial bacteria abundance was ( Lachnospiraceae _NK4A136_group, Ruminococcus , UCG_005 Romboutsia Christensenellaceae _R_7_group), harmful Desulfovibrionaceae ). According metabolomics, significant changes metabolites occurred different groups. These differential were predominantly enriched pathways Pentose Glucuronate Interconversions, well Propanoate Metabolism. Furthermore, levels Pyrazine gamma-Glutamylcysteine, which associated inhibition osteoclast formation promoting osteoblast formation. can protect rats from DEX-induced GIOP by mediating “gut microbial-bone axis” production metabolites. Therefore candidate GIOP.

Язык: Английский

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The Roles of Epigenetics Regulation in Bone Metabolism and Osteoporosis

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2021

Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease characterized by decreased bone mineral density and the destruction of microstructure, which can lead to increased fragility risk fracture. In recent years, with deepening research on pathological mechanism osteoporosis, epigenetics has made significant progress. Epigenetics refers changes in gene expression levels that are not caused sequences, mainly including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNAs (lncRNA, microRNA, circRNA). play post-transcriptional regulatory role have important functions biological signal network. Studies shown epigenetic mechanisms closely related osteogenic differentiation, osteogenesis, remodeling other metabolism-related processes. Abnormal regulation series diseases, such as osteoporosis. Considering metabolism, we review progress (DNA RNAs) differentiation pathogenesis osteoporosis provide new direction for treatment diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Sources, health benefits, and biological properties of zeaxanthin

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 118, С. 519 - 538

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Clinical Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Bone Regeneration

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(13), С. 4385 - 4385

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023

Bone metabolism is regulated by osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and stem cells. Pathologies such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, traumatic fractures require effective treatments that favor bone formation regeneration. Among these, cell therapy based on mesenchymal cells (MSC) has been proposed. MSC are osteoprogenitors, but their regenerative activity depends in part paracrine properties. These mainly mediated extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion. EV modulates processes inflammation, angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, differentiation. Thus, MSC-EV currently an important tool for the development of cell-free therapies medicine. This review describes current knowledge effects different phases used intravenous injection, directly or combination with types biomaterials, preclinical models diseases. They have shown great clinical potential medicine applied to bone. findings should be confirmed through standardization protocols, a better understanding mechanisms action, appropriate trials. All will allow translation human clinic applications.

Язык: Английский

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Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue

Cells, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(9), С. 724 - 724

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024

Bone marrow (BM) acts as a dynamic organ within the bone cavity, responsible for hematopoiesis, skeletal remodeling, and immune system control. adipose tissue (BMAT) was long simply considered filler of space, but now it is known that instead constitutes an essential element BM microenvironment participates in homeostasis, influences health alters hematopoietic stem cell functions, contributes to commitment mesenchymal cells, provides effects homeostasis defense against infections, energy metabolism inflammation. BMAT has emerged significant contributor development progression various diseases, shedding light on its complex relationship with health. Notably, been implicated metabolic disorders, hematological malignancies, conditions. shown support proliferation tumor cells acute myeloid leukemia niche adipocytes have found protect cancer chemotherapy, contributing treatment resistance. Moreover, BMAT’s impact density remodeling can lead conditions like osteoporosis, where high levels are inversely correlated mineral density, increasing risk fractures. also associated diabetes, obesity, anorexia nervosa, varying individuals depending their weight status. Understanding interaction between different diseases may new therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

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