Stem Cells and Infertility: A Review of Clinical Applications and Legal Frameworks

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(2), С. 135 - 135

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Infertility is a condition defined by the failure to establish clinical pregnancy after 12 months of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse or due an impairment person’s capacity reproduce either as individual with their partner. The authors have set out succinctly investigate, explore, and assess infertility treatments, harnessing potential stem cells effectively safely treat infertility; in addition, this paper will present legal regulatory complexities at heart cell research, overview legislative state affairs six major European countries. For couples who cannot benefit from assisted reproductive technologies (ART) infertility, stem-cells-based approaches been shown be highly promising approach. Nonetheless, lingering ethical immunological uncertainties require more conclusive findings data before such treatment avenues can become mainstream applied on large scale. isolation human embryonic (ESCs) ethically controversial, since collection involves destruction tissue. Overall, research has resulted important new breakthroughs infertility. effort untangle complex web issues associated therapeutic rely evidence-based, broadly shared standards, guidelines, best practices make sure that procreative rights patients reconciled core values medical ethics.

Язык: Английский

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Circulating miRNAs as a Tool for Early Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer – Implications for the Fertility-sparing Process: Clinical, Biological and Legal Aspects

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2023

This review article is aimed at exploring the possibility of developing an integrated approach in management different needs endometrial cancer (EC) patients seeking to become pregnant. Life preservation woman, health baby, a precocious and – as much possible minimally invasive characterization fertility parameters patient, together with concerns regarding obstetric, neonatal, adult risks children conceived via assisted reproduction techniques (ART) are all essential aspects problem be taken into consideration, yet harmonize such through concerted still highly challenging. aims illustrate main features EC how it affects normal physiology pre-menopausal women. Then, we focus on prospect for miR-based, molecular evaluation patient status, including both early diagnosis staging and, similarly, receptivity discussing using single specific panel circulating miR thus allowing relatively fast, non-invasive way perform testing significantly reduced margin error. Finally, ethical legal/regulatory complexities arising from innovative require not only risk-benefit analysis; respect autonomy equitable care access allocation fundamental issues well.

Язык: Английский

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Landscape of Endometrial Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Target Therapy

Cancers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(11), С. 2027 - 2027

Опубликована: Май 27, 2024

Endometrial cancer is one the most prevalent gynecological cancers and, unfortunately, has a poor prognosis due to low response rates traditional treatments. However, progress in molecular biology and understanding genetic mechanisms involved tumor processes offers valuable information that led current classification describes four subtypes of endometrial cancer. This review focuses on pathogenesis cancers, such as mutations, defects DNA mismatch repair pathway, epigenetic changes, or dysregulation angiogenic hormonal signaling pathways. The preclinical genomic investigations presented allowed for identification some molecules could be used biomarkers diagnose, predict, monitor progression Besides therapies known clinical practice, targeted therapy described new treatment involves identifying specific targets cells. By selectively inhibiting these targets, key pathways can disrupted while normal cells are protected. connection between vital fight against Ongoing research trials exploring use standard agents combination with other strategies like immunotherapy anti-angiogenesis improve outcomes personalize patients approach potential transform management patients. In conclusion, enhancing tools essential stratifying risk guiding surgery, adjuvant therapy, women addition, from this may have an value personalized patient’s life.

Язык: Английский

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The Past, Present, and Future of Cervical Cancer Vaccines

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(2), С. 201 - 201

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

Since the introduction of prophylactic HPV vaccines, both infection rates and cervical cancer have subsequently dropped. Yet, remains fourth most common diagnosis in women globally. As its role development become better understood, vaccines emerged as a front runner for improved therapeutic treatment. Recent studies shown that protein DNA may be effectively delivered via use several different vectors, while combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors provides even more effective Further investigation additional clinical into specific vaccine strategies are necessary to determine how treatment cancer. This review intends summarize some promising research on vaccines. Such study helpful gynecologists prevent manage patients infection.

Язык: Английский

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Trends in Endometrial Cancer Incidence Among Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women in the United States Between 2001 and 2021

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(6), С. 1035 - 1035

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Background: Endometrial cancer incidence has been rising in the United States. We assessed trends endometrial among both premenopausal and postmenopausal women US from 2001 to 2021. also compared during 2019–2021 assess impact of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: used data States Cancer Statistics 2001–2021 database adult females. was corrected for hysterectomy prevalence age, adjusted 2000 standard population. Results: From 2021, rose 86.8 cases 113.8 per 1,000,000 persons aged 20–49 years (APC 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.8), while 70 older, it increased 1326.4 1339.4 0.3, 0.1–0.6). The recently decreased 50–69 2016 0.1–0.9; APC 2021 −1.3, −2.2–−0.3). sharply non-Hispanic Blacks, Asians or Pacific Islanders, South. 2019 2020, proportion metastatic at diagnosis across all age groups. In returned levels. Conclusions: rates are rising, particularly women. During beginning pandemic, decreased, but increased.

Язык: Английский

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circRNAs in Endometrial Cancer—A Promising Biomarker: State of the Art

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(12), С. 6387 - 6387

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2024

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignant tumors among women in 21st century, whose mortality rate increasing every year. Currently, diagnosis EC possible only after a biopsy. However, it necessary to find new biomarker that will help both and treatment non-invasive way. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are small, covalently closed spherical stable long non-coding (lncRNAs) molecules, which abundant body fluids human tissues expressed various ways. Considering molecular classification EC, many studies have appeared, describing insights into functions mechanisms circRNAs EC. In this review article, we focused on problem aspects its division, as well biogenesis, functions, diagnostic clinical significance

Язык: Английский

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Rare but Still There: A Scoping Review on Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer

Discovery Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(182), С. 467 - 467

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Endometriosis is a medical condition affecting at least up to 10% of women reproductive age. This occurs when ectopic endometrial glands and stroma implant outside the uterus there are several theories regarding underlying origins disease. one major causes severe dysmenorrhoea, chronic pelvic pain infertility. While endometriosis generally non-malignant condition, it rarely may transform into an invasive cancer, increase risk for epithelial ovarian notably endometrioid or clear cell cancer. Despite increased risk, mechanisms behind development endometriosis-associated cancer (EAOC) not yet well understood. Recent investigations have delved intricate interplay between EAOC, exploring pathways involving oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperestrogenism, discovery genetic mutations within endometriotic lesions that hint transition towards carcinoma. Efforts been made identify intermediary which enable earlier detection malignant transformation even prevention altogether. However, given rarity this malignancy, still late missed diagnosis, with inappropriate management being offered patient, higher poor prognosis morbidity mortality. scoping review aims summarize existing data on focus histologic subtypes. It also provides insights its identification, prognosis, delineating strategies, seeking provide holistic understanding complexities surrounding facilitating further research more effective treatment approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Mesonephric-like Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Corpus: Genomic and Immunohistochemical Profiling with Comprehensive Clinicopathological Analysis of 17 Consecutive Cases from a Single Institution

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(8), С. 2269 - 2269

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2023

Data on genetic and immunophenotypical characteristics of uterine mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) remain limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, molecular features MLA. We performed targeted sequencing, array comparative genomic hybridization, immunostaining in 17, 13, 17 MLA cases, respectively. Nine patients developed lung metastases. Eleven experienced disease recurrences. The most frequently mutated gene was Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS; 13/17). Both primary matched metastatic tumors harbored identical KRAS (3/4) phosphatase tensin deleted chromosome 10 (1/4) mutations, did not harbor any additional mutations. A total 2 cases tumor protein 53 (TP53) frameshift insertion deletion, Chromosomal gains were detected 1q (13/13), 20 (10/13), (9/13), 12 (6/13). Programmed cell death-ligand 1 overexpression or mismatch repair deficiency observed cases. Initial serosal extension metastasis independently predicted recurrence-free survival with hazard ratios 6.30 7.31, Our observations consolidated clinicopathological clinicians pathologists should consider these make an accurate diagnosis ensure appropriate therapeutic management this rare entity.

Язык: Английский

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Endometrial Cancer in Reproductive-Aged Females: Etiology and Pathogenesis

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4), С. 886 - 886

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries, and incidence rising premenopausal females. Type I EC more than II (80% vs. 20%) associated with a hyperestrogenic state. Estrogen unopposed by progesterone considered to be main driving factor pathogenesis of EC. Studies show that BMI > 30 kg/m2, prolonged duration menses, nulliparity, presence polycystic ovarian syndrome, Lynch syndrome are causes women. Currently, there no guidelines established indicate patients who should screened. This review aims synthesize current data on etiology, risk factors, presentation, evaluation, prognosis endometrial this population.

Язык: Английский

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Non-Invasive Endometrial Cancer Screening through Urinary Fluorescent Metabolome Profile Monitoring and Machine Learning Algorithms

Cancers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(18), С. 3155 - 3155

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2024

Endometrial cancer is becoming increasingly common, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic methods that are both effective and non-invasive. This study investigates use of urinary fluorescence spectroscopy as a potential tool endometrial cancer. Urine samples were collected from patients (n = 77), with benign uterine tumors 23), control gynecological attending regular checkups or follow-ups 96). These analyzed using synchronous to measure total fluorescent metabolome profile, specific ratios created differentiate between control, benign, malignant samples. spectral markers demonstrated clinical applicability AUC high 80%. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was employed reduce data dimensionality enhance class separation. Additionally, machine learning models, including Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), utilized distinguish controls patients. PLS-DA achieved an overall accuracy 79% 90%. promising results indicate spectroscopy, combined advanced has revolutionize diagnostics, offering rapid, accurate, non-invasive alternative current methods.

Язык: Английский

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