Targeted delivery of extracellular vesicles: the mechanisms, techniques and therapeutic applications
Molecular Biomedicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2024
Abstract
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
cell-derived
with
a
phospholipid
bilayer
measuring
50–150
nm
in
diameter
demonstrated
therapeutic
potentials.
Limitations
such
as
the
natural
biodistribution
(mainly
concentrated
liver
and
spleen)
short
plasma
half-life
of
EVs
present
significant
challenges
to
their
clinical
translation.
In
recent
years,
growing
research
indicated
that
engineered
enhanced
targeting
lesion
sites
have
markedly
promoted
efficacy.
However,
there
is
dearth
systematic
knowledge
on
advances
engineering
for
targeted
delivery.
Herein,
we
provide
an
overview
mechanisms,
techniques,
translations
applications.
Enrichment
at
may
be
achieved
through
recognition
tissue
markers,
pathological
changes,
circumvention
mononuclear
phagocyte
system
(MPS).
Alternatively,
external
stimuli,
including
magnetic
fields
ultrasound,
also
employed.
EV
techniques
fulfill
functions
includes
genetic
engineering,
membrane
fusion,
chemical
modification
physical
modification.
A
comparative
statistical
analysis
was
conducted
elucidate
discrepancies
between
diverse
size,
morphology,
stability,
efficacy
vitro
vivo.
Additionally,
summary
registered
trials
utilizing
from
2010
2023
has
been
provided,
full
discussion
perspectives.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
mechanisms
associated
delivery
applications
advocate
further
explorations
accelerate
Язык: Английский
Isolation and Biophysical Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles from Hairy Root Cultures
BIO-PROTOCOL,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1366)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
membrane-bound,
non-replicating
particles
released
by
virtually
all
types
of
cells.
EVs
concentrate
and
deliver
a
plethora
biomolecules
driving
very
important
biological
functions,
including
intercellular
communication
not
only
between
cells
the
same
organism
but
also
across
different
kingdoms.
Plant
extracellular
(PEVs)
promising
alternative
to
mammalian
in
biomedical
applications.
Here,
we
present
an
optimized
reproducible
protocol
for
isolating
PEVs
from
hairy
root
(HR)
cultures
medicinal
plants
Salvia
dominica
S.
sclarea.
Our
methodological
approach
introduces
significant
advancement
standardization
HR-EVs
purification
processes
plant
biotechnological
platforms,
paving
way
their
broader
application
various
sectors,
agriculture,
pharmaceuticals,
nutraceuticals.
Key
features
•
Hairy
roots
serve
as
platform
production
bioactive
compounds.
provide
safer
This
represents
EV
purification.
Язык: Английский
Multifaceted Therapeutic Potential of Plant-Derived Exosomes: Immunomodulation, Anticancer, Anti-Aging, Anti-Melanogenesis, Detoxification, and Drug Delivery
Biomolecules,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(3), С. 394 - 394
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Most
eukaryotic
and
prokaryotic
cells
have
the
potential
to
secrete
a
group
of
structures/membrane-bound
organelles,
collectively
referred
as
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
which
offer
several
advantages
producer/receiver
cells.
This
review
provides
an
overview
EVs
from
plant
sources
with
emphasis
on
their
health-promoting
possible
use
therapeutic
agents.
highlights
essential
biological
effects
plant-derived
vesicles,
including
immune
modulation,
anticancer
activities,
protection
against
chemical
toxicity
pathogens,
well
anti-aging,
anti-melanogenesis,
anti-arthritic
effects,
along
ongoing
clinical
studies.
Evidence
revealed
that
EVs’
contents
exert
beneficial
properties
through
regulating
important
signaling
pathways
by
transferring
miRNAs
other
components.
Taken
all
together,
data
proposed
can
be
utilized
nutritional
compounds
agents,
such
drug
carriers.
However,
this
emerging
research
area
requires
further
in
vitro/in
vivo
studies
trials
determine
exact
underlying
mechanisms
positive
health
treating
various
diseases.
Язык: Английский
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Role in Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer
Metabolites,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(4), С. 221 - 221
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
Background/Objectives:
Endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
stress
occurs
when
ER
homeostasis
is
disrupted,
leading
to
the
accumulation
of
misfolded
or
unfolded
proteins.
This
condition
activates
protein
response
(UPR),
which
aims
restore
balance
trigger
cell
death
if
cannot
be
achieved.
In
cancer,
plays
a
key
role
due
heightened
metabolic
demands
tumor
cells.
review
explores
how
metabolomics
can
provide
insights
into
stress-related
alterations
and
their
implications
for
cancer
therapy.
Methods:
A
comprehensive
literature
was
conducted
analyze
recent
findings
on
stress,
metabolomics,
metabolism.
Studies
examining
profiling
cells
under
conditions
were
selected,
with
focus
identifying
potential
biomarkers
therapeutic
targets.
Results:
Metabolomic
studies
highlight
significant
shifts
in
lipid
metabolism,
synthesis,
oxidative
management
stress.
These
are
crucial
adaptation
survival.
Additionally,
targeting
pathways
has
shown
preclinical
models,
suggesting
new
strategies.
Conclusions:
Understanding
impact
provides
valuable
opportunities
drug
development.
Metabolomics-based
approaches
may
help
identify
novel
targets,
enhancing
effectiveness
antitumor
therapies.
Язык: Английский
Plant extracellular vesicles as emerging neuroprotective agents for central nervous system disorders
Journal of Advanced Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Advances in plant-derived vesicle like nanoparticles-based therapies for inflammatory diseases
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 101052 - 101052
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Advances in Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Extraction Methods and Pharmacological Effects
Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(4), С. 377 - 377
Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2025
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
those
with
a
double-membrane
structure
that
contains
proteins,
lipids,
nucleic
acids,
and
other
biologically
active
substances
play
an
important
role
in
cell–cell
cell–environment
communication.
They
have
also
become
mechanism
for
exchanging
cellular
molecules.
As
many
studies
on
EVs
been
conducted,
plant-derived
extracellular
(PDEVs)
started
attracting
attention.
The
biological
activity
stability
of
PDEVs
closely
related
to
the
extraction
separation
methods,
choosing
method
meets
requirements
is
important.
methods
include
ultracentrifugation,
ultrafiltration,
size-exclusion
chromatography,
etc.
In
recent
years,
it
has
found
through
research
possess
properties,
such
as
anti-inflammatory,
anti-cancer,
anti-infective
they
show
unique
advantages
therapeutic
agents
drug
carriers.
Therefore,
we
collected
scientific
literature
derived
from
more
than
dozen
fruits
vegetables,
summarized
analyzed
their
extraction,
separation,
roles
disease
treatment,
aiming
provide
reference
inspiration
in-depth
study
efficacy
new
drugs.
Язык: Английский
Exosome-like Nanoparticles, High in Trans-δ-Viniferin Derivatives, Produced from Grape Cell Cultures: Preparation, Characterization, and Anticancer Properties
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(9), С. 2142 - 2142
Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2024
Background:
Recent
interest
in
plant-derived
exosome-like
nanoparticles
(ENs)
has
surged
due
to
their
therapeutic
potential,
which
includes
antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory,
and
anticancer
activities.
These
properties
are
attributed
cargo
of
bioactive
metabolites
other
endogenous
molecules.
However,
the
ENs
isolated
from
plant
cell
cultures
remain
less
explored.
Methods:
In
this
investigation,
grape
callus-derived
(GCENs)
were
using
differential
ultracentrifugation
techniques.
Structural
analysis
through
electron
microscopy,
nanoparticle
tracking
analysis,
western
blotting
confirmed
that
GCENs
qualify
as
nanovesicles.
Results:
contained
significant
amounts
microRNAs
proteins
characteristic
ENs,
well
trans-δ-viniferin,
a
notable
stilbenoid
known
for
its
health-promoting
properties.
Functional
assays
revealed
reduced
viability
triple-negative
breast
cancer
line
MDA-MB-231
dose-dependent
manner.
Moreover,
exhibited
negligible
effects
on
normal
human
embryonic
kidney
(HEK)
293
cells,
indicating
selective
cytotoxicity.
Notably,
treatment
with
these
led
cycle
arrest
G1
phase
triggered
apoptosis
line.
Conclusions:
Overall,
study
underscores
potential
nanovectors
natural
carriers
stilbenoids
proposes
application
novel
effective
approach
management
cancer.
Язык: Английский
Vesicles: New Advances in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(23), С. 12672 - 12672
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2024
Neurodegenerative
diseases
are
characterized
by
brain
lesions
that
limit
normal
daily
activities
and
represent
a
major
challenge
to
healthcare
systems
worldwide,
with
significant
economic
impact.
Nanotechnology
is
the
science
of
manipulating
matter
at
nanoscale,
where
materials
exhibit
unique
properties
significantly
different
from
their
larger
counterparts.
These
can
be
exploited
for
wide
range
applications,
including
medicine.
Among
emerging
therapeutic
approaches
treatment
neurodegenerative
diseases,
nanotechnologies
gaining
prominence
as
promising
avenue
explore.
Here,
we
review
state
art
biological
artificial
vesicles
in
context
diseases.
Indeed,
nanometric
structures
such
extracellular
tool
disorders
due
size,
biocompatibility,
ability
transport
drugs,
proteins,
genetic
material
across
blood-brain
barrier
target
specific
cells
areas.
In
future,
deeper
broader
synergy
between
science,
bioengineering,
biology,
medicine,
discovery
new,
increasingly
powerful
delivery
will
certainly
enable
more
applied
use
nanotechnology
disorders.
Язык: Английский