The impact of aging and oxidative stress in metabolic and nervous system disorders: programmed cell death and molecular signal transduction crosstalk

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

Life expectancy is increasing throughout the world and coincides with a rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially for metabolic disease that includes diabetes mellitus (DM) neurodegenerative disorders. The debilitating effects of disorders influence entire body significantly affect nervous system impacting greater than one billion people disability peripheral as well cognitive loss, now seventh leading cause death worldwide. Metabolic disorders, such DM, neurologic remain significant challenge treatment care individuals since present therapies may limit symptoms but do not halt overall progression. These clinical challenges to address interplay between warrant innovative strategies can focus upon underlying mechanisms aging-related oxidative stress, cell senescence, death. Programmed pathways involve autophagy, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis play critical role oversee processes include insulin resistance, β-cell function, mitochondrial integrity, reactive oxygen species release, inflammatory activation. silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1

Язык: Английский

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The Metabolic Basis for Nervous System Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Huntington’s Disease

Current Neurovascular Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(3), С. 314 - 333

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2023

Disorders of metabolism affect multiple systems throughout the body but may have greatest impact on both central and peripheral nervous systems. Currently available treatments behavior changes for disorders that include diabetes mellitus (DM) system diseases are limited cannot reverse disease burden. Greater access to healthcare a longer lifespan led an increased prevalence metabolic neurodegenerative disorders. In light these challenges, innovative studies into underlying pathways offer new treatment perspectives Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Huntington's Disease. Metabolic intimately tied can lead debilitating outcomes, such as multi-nervous disease, susceptibility viral pathogens, long-term cognitive disability. Novel strategies robustly address involve careful consideration cellular metabolism, programmed cell death pathways, mechanistic target rapamycin (mTOR) its associated mTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1), 2 (mTORC2), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), growth factor signaling, risk factors apolipoprotein E (APOE-ε4) gene. Yet, complex necessitate comprehensive understanding achieve clinical outcomes susceptibility, onset, progression.

Язык: Английский

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Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis

Bioengineering, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(7), С. 871 - 871

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2023

Almost three million individuals suffer from multiple sclerosis (MS) throughout the world, a demyelinating disease in nervous system with increased prevalence over last five decades, and is now being recognized as one significant etiology of cognitive loss dementia. Presently, modifying therapies can limit rate relapse potentially reduce brain volume patients MS, but unfortunately cannot prevent progression or onset disability. Innovative strategies are therefore required to address areas inflammation, immune cell activation, survival that involve novel pathways programmed death, mammalian forkhead transcription factors (FoxOs), mechanistic target rapamycin (mTOR), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), associated apolipoprotein E (APOE-ε4) gene severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). These intertwined at levels metabolic oversight cellular metabolism dependent upon nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Insight into mechanisms these provide new avenues discovery for therapeutic treatment dementia cognition occurs during MS.

Язык: Английский

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Cornerstone Cellular Pathways for Metabolic Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus: Non-Coding RNAs, Wnt Signaling, and AMPK

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(22), С. 2595 - 2595

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2023

Metabolic disorders and diabetes (DM) impact more than five hundred million individuals throughout the world are insidious in onset, chronic nature, yield significant disability death. Current therapies that address nutritional status, weight management, pharmacological options may delay but cannot alter disease course or functional organ loss, such as dementia degeneration of systemic bodily functions. Underlying these challenges onset aging associated with increased lifespan, telomere dysfunction, oxidative stress generation lead to multi-system dysfunction. These hurdles point urgent need underlying mechanisms innovative applications. New treatment strategies involve non-coding RNA pathways microRNAs (miRNAs) circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), Wnt signaling, Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) dependent upon programmed cell death pathways, cellular metabolic AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) nicotinamide, growth factor Non-coding RNAs, AMPK cornerstone for overseeing complex offer avenues DM will necessitate continued appreciation ability each independently unison influence clinical outcome.

Язык: Английский

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Innovative therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.

PubMed, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22, С. 690 - 715

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

As a significant non-communicable disease, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women, comprises almost twenty percent deaths in most racial ethnic groups, can affect greater than twenty-five million individuals worldwide over age twenty, impacts global economies with far-reaching financial challenges. Multiple factors onset that include high serum cholesterol levels, elevated blood pressure, tobacco consumption secondhand smoke exposure, poor nutrition, physical inactivity, obesity, concurrent diabetes mellitus. Yet, addressing any these cannot completely eliminate or progression disorders. Novel strategies are necessary to target underlying mechanisms. The silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), histone deacetylase, limit injury, assist stem cell development, oversee metabolic homeostasis through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) pathways, foster trophic factor protection, control senescence modulation telomere function. Intimately tied SIRT1 pathways mammalian forkhead transcription (FoxOs) which modulate cardiac reduce oxidative stress, repair microcirculation disturbances, atherogenesis autophagy, apoptosis, ferroptosis. AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) also critical among oversight cellular metabolism, insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, inflammation, susceptibility viral infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus impact disease. relationship intricate complex requires detailed insight successfully translate into clinical care

Язык: Английский

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Migraine Disorders, Neurovascular Disease, and the Underlying Role of Oxidative Stress

Current Neurovascular Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(2), С. 111 - 115

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024

Язык: Английский

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