Global incidence, prevalence, and mortality of type 1 diabetes in 2021 with projection to 2040: a modelling study

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(10), С. 741 - 760

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Global burden of type 1 diabetes in adults aged 65 years and older, 1990-2019: population based study

BMJ, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. e078432 - e078432

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Abstract Objectives To estimate the burden, trends, and inequalities of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) among older adults at global, regional, national level from 1990 to 2019. Design Population based study. Adults aged ≥65 years 21 regions 204 countries territories (Global Burden Disease Risk Factors Study 2019) Main outcome measures Primary outcomes were T1DM related age standardised prevalence, mortality, disability adjusted life (DALYs), average annual percentage change. Results The global prevalence increased 400 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 332 476) per 100 000 population in 514 (417 624) 2019, with an trend 0.86% confidence (CI) 0.79% 0.93%); while mortality decreased 4.74 UI 3.44 5.9) 3.54 (2.91 4.59) population, −1.00% CI −1.09% −0.91%), DALYs 113 89 137) 103 (85 127) −0.33% −0.41% −0.25%). most significant decrease was observed those <79 years: 65-69 (−0.44% year −0.53% −0.34%)), 70-74 (−0.34% (−0.41% −0.27%)), 75-79 (−0.42% (−0.58% −0.26%)). Mortality fell 13 times faster a high sociodemographic index versus low-middle (−2.17% −2.31% −2.02%) v −0.16% (−0.45% 0.12%)). While highest remained income North America, Australasia, western Europe, DALY rates found southern sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, Caribbean. A fasting plasma glucose risk factor for during 1990-2019. Conclusions expectancy people has since 1990s along considerable associated DALYs. lower women years, living index, years. Management remains major challenge T1DM, targeted clinical guidelines are needed.

Язык: Английский

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New advances in type 1 diabetes

BMJ, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. e075681 - e075681

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2024

ABSTRACT Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition resulting in insulin deficiency and eventual loss of pancreatic β cell function requiring lifelong therapy. Since the discovery more than 100 years ago, vast advances treatments have improved care for many people with type diabetes. Ongoing research on genetics immunology interventions to modify disease course preserve expanded our broad understanding this condition. Biomarkers are detectable months before development overt disease, three stages now recognized. The advent continuous glucose monitoring newer automated delivery systems changed landscape management associated glycated hemoglobin decreased hypoglycemia. Adjunctive therapies such as sodium cotransporter-1 inhibitors glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists may find use future. Despite these rapid field, living under-resourced parts world struggle obtain necessities insulin, syringes, blood essential managing This review covers recent developments diagnosis treatment future directions field

Язык: Английский

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Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes

Current Cardiology Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 24(10), С. 1455 - 1465

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The Current Landscape for Screening and Monitoring of Early‐Stage Type 1 Diabetes

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

ABSTRACT Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has two pre‐symptomatic phases (stages and 2) with progressive destruction of beta cells which have been identified through longitudinal cohort studies in recent decades. The definition T1D, hyperglycaemia that may or not be symptomatic, is now defined as stage 3. There growing evidence screening for stages 2 reduces rates diabetic ketoacidosis prevents long‐term complications. These can by the presence islet autoantibodies are markers autoimmune cell damage. Furthermore, genetic risk scores, combine a variety single nucleotide polymorphisms, identify people at high future T1D. Thus, they provide an opportunity to select high‐risk individuals autoantibody testing. Individuals having T1D require ongoing monitoring detect need insulin replacement. also eligible emerging immunotherapies delay progression This review article explores current summarises recommended clinical care early‐stage

Язык: Английский

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Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The challenges of identifying and studying type 1 diabetes in adults

Diabetologia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 66(12), С. 2200 - 2212

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2023

Abstract Diagnosing type 1 diabetes in adults is difficult since 2 the predominant type, particularly with an older age of onset (approximately >30 years). Misclassification therefore common and will impact both individual patient management reported features clinically classified cohorts. In this article, we discuss challenges associated correctly identifying adult-onset implications these for clinical practice research. We how many differences characteristics autoimmune/type increasing diagnosis are likely explained by inadvertent study mixed populations without autoimmune aetiology diabetes. show that when defined high-specificity methods, presentation, islet-autoantibody positivity, genetic predisposition progression C-peptide loss remain broadly similar severe at all ages unaffected within adults. Recent guidance recommends routine testing suspected or context rapid to insulin therapy after a moderate high prior-probability setting, positive test usually confirm (type diabetes). argue those apparent should not be routinely undertaken as, low prior-prevalence predictive value single-positive islet antibody modest. When studying diabetes, extremely approaches needed identify adults, optimal approach depending on research question. believe until recommendations widely adopted researchers, true phenotype late-onset largely misunderstood. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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Incidence of diabetes following COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection in Hong Kong: A population-based cohort study

PLoS Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(7), С. e1004274 - e1004274

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023

Background The risk of incident diabetes following Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination remains to be elucidated. Also, it is unclear whether the after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection modified by status or differs SARS-CoV-2 variants. We evaluated incidence mRNA (BNT162b2), inactivated (CoronaVac) COVID-19 vaccines, and infection. Methods findings In this population-based cohort study, individuals without known were identified from an electronic health database in Hong Kong. first included people who received ≥1 dose vaccine those did not receive any vaccines up September 2021. second consisted confirmed patients never infected March 2022. Both cohorts followed until August 15, A total 325,715 recipients (CoronaVac: 167,337; BNT162b2: 158,378) 145,199 1:1 matched their respective controls using propensity score for various baseline characteristics. also adjusted previous when estimating conditional probability receiving vaccinations, contracting Hazard ratios (HRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated Cox regression models. cohort, we 5,760 4,411 cases CoronaVac BNT162b2 respectively. Upon a median follow-up 384 386 days, there was no evidence increased risks 9.08 versus 9.10 per 100,000 person-days, HR = 0.998 [95% CI 0.962 1.035]; 7.41 8.58, 0.862 [0.828 0.897]), regardless type. observed 2,109 164 associated with significantly higher (9.04 7.38, 1.225 [1.150 1.305])—mainly type diabetes—regardless predominant circulating variants, albeit lower Omicron variants (p interaction 0.009). number needed harm at 6 months 406 1 additional case. Subgroup analysis revealed among fully vaccinated survivors. Main limitations our study possible misclassification bias as through diagnostic coding residual confounders due its observational nature. Conclusions There vaccination. infection, mainly diabetes. excess lower, but still statistically significant, Fully might protected

Язык: Английский

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Distinct signatures of gut microbiota and metabolites in different types of diabetes: a population-based cross-sectional study

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 62, С. 102132 - 102132

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023

Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 2 (T2D) present intestinal disturbances. Recent epidemiological data have showed that, worldwide, over half of newly diagnosed T1D patients were adults. However, the gut microbial alterations in adult-onset are unclear. We aimed to identify signatures microbiota metabolites systematically, comparing T2D healthy controls (HCs).

Язык: Английский

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The phenotype of type 1 diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2023

The phenotype of type 1 diabetes in Africa, especially sub-Saharan is poorly understood. Most previously conducted studies have suggested that may a different from the classical form disease described western literature. Making an accurate diagnosis Africa challenging, given predominance atypical forms and limited resources. peak age onset seems to occur after 18–20 years. Multiple reported lower rates islet autoantibodies ranging 20 60% amongst people with African populations, than other populations. Some much higher levels retained endogenous insulin secretion elsewhere, genetic susceptibility HLA haplotypes. DR3 appears be most predominant haplotype DR4 haplotype. been by small sample sizes diverse methods employed. Robust close are sparse. Large prospective well-standardized methodologies at or population groups will paramount provide further insight into Africa.

Язык: Английский

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