Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19(9), С. 542 - 554
Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
67
Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
In this perspective review, we describe a brief background on the status quo of diabetes mellitus-related therapies and glycemic control among patients in rural communities sub-Saharan Africa. The article discusses insulin therapy as well difficulties obtaining oral hypoglycemic medications for diabetic living We wrap up our discussion with suggestions solutions opportunities future research to tackle health challenge these impoverished communities. conducted literature search from PubMed Google Scholar until August 2023. Key words were used generate terms retrieve required information. All types pertinent information current topic included study. Diabetes mellitus is rise Several studies have reported poor control, low screening rates mellitus, cigarette smoking, high alcohol consumption, prescription antidiabetic therapy, associated costs contributors uptake treatment. Although there paucity data extent its possible modifiable region, anticipated increase number people continent makes it critical global leaders address gaps Africa, thus reducing burden populations.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 207, С. 111086 - 111086
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15
Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2024
More than 50 years have elapsed since the association of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) was first reported. Since then, methods for identification HLA progressed from cell based to DNA based, and number recognized variants has grown a few tens thousands. Current genotyping methodology allows exact all HLA-encoding genes in an individual's genome, statistical analysis evolving digest enormous amount data that can be produced at astonishing rate. The region genome been repeatedly shown most important genetic risk factor T1D, original reported associations replicated, refined, expanded. Even remarkable progress through over 5,000 reports, comprehensive understanding effects on T1D remains elusive. This report represents summary field as it evolved stands now, enumerating many past present challenges, suggests possible paradigm shifts moving forward future studies hopes finally ways which influences pathophysiology T1D.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14
Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2023
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex autoimmune disorder that highly prevalent globally. The interactions between genetic and environmental factors may trigger T1D in susceptible individuals. HLA genes play significant role pathogenesis, specific haplotypes are associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. Identifying can greatly improve scoring for early diagnosis difficult to rank subgroups. This study employed next-generation sequencing evaluate association class II alleles, haplotypes, amino acids T1D, by recruiting 95 children 150 controls Kuwaiti population. Significant associations were identified alleles at HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 loci, including DRB1*03:01:01, DQA1*05:01:01, DQB1*02:01:01, which conferred high risk, DRB1*11:04:01, DQA1*05:05:01, DQB1*03:01:01, protective. DRB1*03:01:01~DQA1*05:01:01~DQB1*02:01:01 haplotype was most strongly while DRB1*11:04-DQA1*05:05-DQB1*03:01 only rendered protection against T1D. We also 66 acid positions across significantly novel associations. These results validate extend our knowledge on children. variations influence disease development through effects structure function allow intervention via population-based screening efforts.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Diabetic Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 40(12)
Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2023
Abstract Aims This review aims to introduce research in the pancreas a broader audience. The is heterocrine gland residing deep within our abdominal cavity. It home islets, which play pivotal role regulating metabolic homeostasis. Due its structure and location, it an impossible organ study, molecular detail, living humans, yet, understanding critical if we aim characterise immunopathology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) one day prevent triggering autoimmune attack associated with ß‐cell demise. Methods Over 100 years ago, began studying pancreatic histology using cadaveric samples clever adaptations microscopes. As histologists, some may say nothing much has changed. Nevertheless, microscopes can now interrogate multiple proteins at resolution. Images sections are no longer constrained single field view capture thousands cells. AI‐image‐analysis packages analyse these massive data sets offering breakthrough findings. Conclusion narrative will provide overview anatomy, importance focused on T1D. range from histological breakthroughs briefly discussing challenges characterising organ. I shall selection available global biobanks touch distinct endotypes that differ immunologically behaviour. Finally, idea developing collaborative tool aimed cohesive framework for heterogeneity stratifying T1D more readily.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2023
In this perspective review, we describe a brief background on the status quo of diabetes mellitus related therapies and glycemic control among patients in rural communities sub Saharan Africa. We specifically talk about insulin therapy challenges access to oral hypoglycemic diabetic living sub-Saharan crown up our discussion with suggestions solutions opportunities for future research tackle health challenge these impoverished communities. Our ideas have been informed by following inquiries: What is current situation Sub-Saharan Africa? How well controlled are blood sugar levels individuals therapy, which patient populations it recommended? proportions drugs Which most common given Africa between drugs? Who determines choice often hypoglycemia hyperglycemia encountered people therapy? Is monitoring glucagon important treating receiving insulin? normal practice check African communities? has done what gaps exist field? Addressing critical improving reducing burden populations.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
BMC Endocrine Disorders, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2023
Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in youth is becoming a public health problem Sub-Saharan Africa, including Burkina Faso. However, little known about the level of knowledge these patients on T1D. This study aimed to evaluate adolescents and young adults disease, identify factors associated Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April June 2020 among with T1D, aged 10 30 years, regularly followed internal medicine department Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou, Data were collected using French AJD (Aide aux Jeunes Diabétiques) validated skills (DKS) questionnaire designed test participants’ accuracy six different themes as generalities diabetes, hypoglycemia hyperglycemia, management insulin treatment, self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG). DKS determined by calculating scores, univariate multivariate logistic regression used explore influencing scores. classified insufficient or low ≤ 25/50, regular 26–39/50, adequate good ≥ 40/50. Results Sixty-three participants mean age 19.05 years sex ratio (W/M) 1.17 included our study. The HbA1c 9.79%, 43 (68.23%) had an level. global score correct answers 23.63/50. percentage respectively 50% for item “generalities diabetes”, 32.4% “hypoglycemia hyperglycemia”, 67.72% “diet”, 37.34% “management treatment” 44.97% “SMBG”. In analysis, better patient university education long duration care follow-up (> p < 0.05). Only increasing remain (p 0.05) analysis. Conclusion important first step identifying areas intervention efforts therapeutic type I
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024
Background While there is increasing evidence for an altered clinical phenotype of Type 1 diabetes in several low-and middle-income countries, little known about urban-rural differences and how the greater poverty rural environments may alter pattern disease. Objective Investigation demographic anthropometric characteristics type a resource-poor setting. Research design methods Analysis unique case register, comprising all patients (rural urban) presenting with over 20 yr. period poor, geographically defined area northwest Ethiopia. The records included age, sex, place residence, together height weight at onset. Results A total 1682 new cases were registered mean age onset 31.2 (SD 13.4) thin 1/3 body mass index (BMI) <17kg/m 2 . There was striking male predominance when between 35 yr., this more marked very poor dwellers compared to urban population. most presented low BMIs reduced height, stunting preferentially affected men. Conclusions These data have led hypothesis that complex interactions among socioeconomic conditions early life affect both pancreatic function development autoimmunity provide possible explanation unusual community.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(4), С. 277 - 283
Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2024
: Diabetes keto-acidosis is the most serious hyperglycemic emergency in patients with diabetes. DKA has long been considered a key clinical feature of T1D. In this study, we assessed biochemical disorders focused on lipid and renal parameters KPD. We carried out case-controls study for one year, encompassing 200 participants total. Patients were outpatients newly diagnosed diabetics attending first time hospitals, controls no-ketosis participants. Blood samples taken, after 10 to 12 hours fasting from day before, different tubes each intended analyses according instructor’s recommendation. The increased mean value blood glucose together HbA1c are corrolated ketonuria. As regard cardio-metabolic risk, ketosis-prone at greater risk than AIP was higher KPD women men, no significant statistical correlation. Uremia creatininemia, two kidney commonly prescribed explore glomerular filtration, correlated some social indicators. values these both significantly age group. Creatinine patients, line filtration rate (GFR). older participants, parameters. These parameters, high atherogenic index lower rate, documented our must be sought when inaugural ketosis suspected improving prognosis initial step management.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0