Long-term storage of seeds of plant genetic resources in permafrost conditions

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Agrarian Series, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 63(1), С. 23 - 34

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

Collections of plant genetic resources are the guarantor preservation both natural biological diversity and breeding achievements. Basically, collections consist seeds and, proper storage in optimal conditions is a necessity (it frees them from frequent reproduction associated with material labor costs). It necessary to search for long-term seeds, because case emergency situations technogenic nature, they will be most vulnerable. A experiment agricultural permafrost being carried out. The aim research find safe grain sowing food purposes, study facilities creation strategic reserves food. In 2010, consignments main crops were put into (spring wheat, spring barley, winter rye oats); 2016, seed collection 26 varieties 8 types vegetable was laid. Meteorological observations out, thermographs hygrographs used storage. first sample extraction took place after 6 years Laboratory analysis quality out using following standard methods: GOST 12036-85; 12038-84; 12041-82; 12042-80; R 52325-2005. results showed high viability crops. Seeds all samples met requirements reproductive (germination over 87 %) according 17 retained germination at first-class level accordance 12038-84. Long-term meteorological show gradual warming Arctic climate due relatively summer temperatures. general, continentality growing. continues, above batches remain storage, further expeditions planned 2025, 2035 2050. obtained weather data indicate an increase its general warming. on cereal grains during effectiveness this purpose.

Язык: Английский

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New approaches to registration and conservation of domestic cultivars of berry crops in the VIR Genebank on the example of red raspberry and black currant

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BREEDING, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(4), С. 24 - 38

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

A collection of nomenclatural standards is being created at VIR for domestic cultivars various crops in accordance with the International Code Nomenclature Cultivated Plants (ICNCP). new complex strategy was proposed vegetatively propagated registering received from their authors genebank. In addition to creation nomenclature standards, includes development a genetic passport cultivar and use biotechnological methods preserve explants (buds, meristems) isolated plant material transferred by breeders Herbarium. This approach can be used any crop applying protocol developed specifically an individual crop. For raspberry black currant varieties, collecting material, its preparation registration preservation viable samples under controlled vitro conditions have specific features. article provides detailed protocols performing mentioned work varieties. addition, summarizes first results implementation our on example varieties breeding centers Russia. Three years joint researchers four five regions country resulted 20 as well bred VIR. Thirteen genetically identical were introduced into culture; been placed cryobank long-term cryopreservation.

Язык: Английский

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The first scientific forum «Genetic resources of Russia» - on legal regulation in the field of bioresources and biological collections

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BREEDING, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 5(2), С. 48 - 54

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2022

The first scientific forum «Genetic Resources of Russia» took place in Saint Petersburg on 21-24 June 2022. Forum brought together more than 500 specialists from 100 research institutions and universities the Russian Federation. A round table «Regulations standards work with bio-resource collections» was organized within framework connection relevance to create legislation base for biological collections regulation activities bioresource centres This publication presents outcomes its resolution relating legal collections.

Язык: Английский

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Nomenclatural standards of black currant cultivars bred by the I.V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center

VAVILOVIA, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(2), С. 3 - 32

Опубликована: Март 3, 2024

According to the recently proposed comprehensive strategy for registration and conserving of Russian varieties vegetatively propagated crops in VIR genebank, plant material is transferred by cultivar authors create nomenclatural standards preserve them Herbarium Cultivated Plants, their Wild Relatives Weeds (WIR), as well viable preservation vitro , cryo - field collections genotyping cultivars. Plant 14 black currant cultivars was collected colleagues from I.V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center (I.V. FSC), including authors, preparing standards. In accordance with rules International Code Nomenclature have been prepared following cultivars: ‘Amirani’, ‘Bagira’, ‘Vospominanie’, ‘Zelënai͡a Dymka’, ‘Malenʹkiĭ Print͡s’, ‘Pami󠆎͡atʹ Michurina’, ‘Sozvezdie’, ‘Tamerlan’, ‘Tatʹi͡anin Denʹ’, ‘Charovnit͡sa’, ‘Chernavka’, ‘Chërnyĭ Zhemchug’, ‘Shalunʹi͡a’, ‘Ėlevesta’. registered database were storage cultivated plants world, wild relatives weeds (WIR). FSC used not only herbarization creation standards, but also live collections.

Язык: Английский

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On the results of the First Scientific Forum «Genetic Resources of Russia»: prospects for development, research and practical potential of bio-collections

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BREEDING, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 5(2), С. 38 - 47

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2022

Nine separate scientific conferences and school-conferences dedicated to the conservation, development, study practical use of biological collections various types were held under auspices First Scientific Forum “Genetic Resources Russia”, which took place in Saint Petersburg on 21-24 June 2022. A total more than 300 oral presentations made at these events. The plenary sessions, included 25 lectures, attracted 1,500 participants. development prospects, research scientific-practical potential thoroughly discussed events Forum. results discussions are presented this publication form a resolution. strategic role for conservation genetic diversity, technological society provision educational processes is emphasized. This framework, should be developed maintained, also makes it possible implement tasks related meeting challenges field food environmental security, health care independence rapidly developing spheres economy.

Язык: Английский

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On the results of the Second Scientific Forum “Genetic Resources of Russia”

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BREEDING, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(2), С. 43 - 52

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023

The Second Scientific Forum “Genetic Resources of Russia” was held in St. Petersburg, June 26-28, 2023. Thе comprised nine associated scientific conferences and conference schools dedicated to the establishment, formation, conservation, development, studying utilization biological (bioresource) collections as well activities bioresource centers, a round table entitled “Statutory Legal Regulation Standards for Work with Bioresource Collections”. More than 700 researchers representing over hundred institutions universities from Russia other countries participated Forum. In total, more 200 oral presentations were made during those events (including 16 talks at Forum’s Plenary Session). participants thoroughly discussed results Federal Technical Program Development Genetic Technologies 2019-2030 establishment development research field genetic technologies, prospects promotion this sector, regulatory legal framework sphere ensuring conservation collections, functioning their sustainable rational activities. outcome discussions is presented publication form Resolution. Upon reviewing pertaining recognized them successful. approved draft act “On Centers Biological (Bioresource) Collections”, which currently under consideration State Duma Russian Federation emphasized need its soonest adoption.

Язык: Английский

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Flax lines of hybrid origin homozygous for genes of chlorophyll coloration and other morphological traits in the VIR flax genetic collection

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BREEDING, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(4), С. 28 - 39

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Due to climate change and the industrialization of agriculture, role genetic collections is increasing. The paper characterizes 41 flax lines with mutations regarding chlorophyll coloration from VIR collection: 5 parental created on basis global collection, 36 recombinant ones. Among lines, homozygous for two or more genes morphological traits, there are those deficiency differences in anthocyanin color, stem shape ciliation septa boll. Anthocyanin other features were controlled by one 22 identified us. Four also three independent genes. It was established that controlling act independently. ygp1 ygp2 do not have a significant effect most economically valuable except early flowering, can be used labeling varieties. s1, YSED1, ysed2 rs1 , which determine yellow seed necessary creation varieties food purposes, makes 11 based these demand breeding purposes. In flax, molecular function none known, so collection will solve this problem.

Язык: Английский

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Polymorphism in wild South American potato Solanum chacoense for resistance to Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Plant Protection News, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 107(2), С. 83 - 92

Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2024

The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) – Leptonotarsa decemlineata is a dangerous pest in Russia. creation of resistant varieties represents the most reliable method for protecting potatoes from this phytophage. A phenotypic assessment accessions stored gene banks as seed collections necessary before using wild sources resistance traits. Plants nine S. chacoense (55 genotypes) collection N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) were grown three years on experimental plot VIR branch (Tambov region), where environment favorable CPB. Annually seven parameters recorded: number overwintered beetles per plant, population egg older larvae proportion plants with more than 20 larvae, score haulm damage, high damage and second generation beetles. origin belonging to different (“families”) reliably affects their infestation damaging by influence “family” factor 12–46 % depending assessed parameter. Solanum k-21854 are highly those k-7394 vulnerable k-2732, 2861, 3060, 19769, 21848 infested at levels varied individual parameters. genotypes k-19769 (542-3) (546-3) showed CPB during all study.

Язык: Английский

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Creation of a bioresource collection of berry plants on the basis of Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy

Timiryazev Biological Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1(4), С. 23 - 33

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2024

The article presents the results of work on formation a bioresource collection berry plants Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy based variety testing area forest and species Dendrological Garden named after R.I. Schroeder. includes genera Vaccinium (V. corymbosum 8 species; V. angustifolium 4 × 3 oxycoccos 2 V macrocarpon vitis-idaea species) Rubus ( R. arcticus 9 chamaemorus 1 species). Introduced with edible fruits from 24 are mainly represented in Schroeder: Actinidia (4 species), Amelanchier (5 Aronia (2 Berberis Cornus Crataegus (more than 10 Elaeagnus Fragaria Hippophae (1 Lonicera Mahonia Morus Prunus (13 Ribes Rosa (6 Sambucus Schisandra Shepherdia Sorbus more number cultivars cultivars), (wild forms 5 Vitis (3 All included have nutritional medicinal value quite stable growth, development fructification microclimate. Work has begun creation an vitro genetic bank economically valuable, rare difficult to propagate species, varieties plants. aim is maintain collection, preserve biological diversity accelerate cultivation planting material subsequent fruit production under conditions import substitution.

Язык: Английский

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In vitro clonal micropropagation of selected Malus niedzwetzkyana Dieck forms demonstrating high resilience when introduced into urban environments

PROCEEDINGS ON APPLIED BOTANY GENETICS AND BREEDING, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 185(3), С. 9 - 17

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2024

Background . Currently, the use of an interdisciplinary approach based on a combination traditional introduction methods and clonal micropropagation techniques makes it possible to solve one key problems – establishment bioresource collections consisting selected plant accessions with valuable agronomic traits resistance unfavorable urban environments. Materials A study resulted in identifying seven specimens Malus niedzwetzkyana Dieck resilience environments, high rate crown development, longevity. They served as source material for development propagation protocol vitro preservation genotypes this species. Results It was shown M. that most favorable time taking its into culture is beginning active growth vegetative shoots after flowering. The optimal sterilization technique such stepwise regime using alcohol, sodium hypochlorite, silver nitrate: provided from 50 70% sterile explants maximum percentage meristem proliferation. Combining 0.8 mg/L benzylaminopurine (BAP) 0.14 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at stage microclonal ensured significant increase reproduction coefficient (on average up 5.3 ± 0.7) improvement morphometric parameters microshoots; frequency shoot proliferation 100%. yield adapted ex conditions 90%. Conclusion developed made introduce forms reproduce them order set resource base further fundamental applied research system genus Mill.

Язык: Английский

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