Network analysis of multivariate data in psychological science

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 1(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2021

In recent years, network analysis has been applied to identify and analyse patterns of statistical association in multivariate psychological data. these approaches, nodes represent variables a data set, edges pairwise conditional associations between the data, while conditioning on remaining variables. This Primer provides an anatomy techniques, describes current state art discusses open problems. We relevant structures which may be applied: cross-sectional repeated measures intensive longitudinal then discuss estimation each cases, as well assessment techniques evaluate robustness replicability. Successful applications technique different research areas are highlighted. Finally, we limitations challenges for future research. Network allows investigation complex relationships by examining connecting them. Borsboom et al. adoption

Язык: Английский

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Theory Construction Methodology: A Practical Framework for Building Theories in Psychology

Perspectives on Psychological Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 16(4), С. 756 - 766

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2021

This article aims to improve theory formation in psychology by developing a practical methodology for constructing explanatory theories: construction (TCM). TCM is sequence of five steps. First, the theorist identifies domain empirical phenomena that becomes target explanation. Second, constructs prototheory, set theoretical principles putatively explain these phenomena. Third, prototheory used construct formal model, model equations encode principles. Fourth, investigates adequacy formalizing its and assessing whether it indeed reproduces Fifth, studies overall evaluating identified are reproduced faithfully sufficiently parsimonious substantively plausible. We with an example taken from research on intelligence (the mutualism intelligence), which key elements method have been successfully implemented. discuss place larger scheme scientific propose outline university curriculum can systematically educate psychologists process formation.

Язык: Английский

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How Computational Modeling Can Force Theory Building in Psychological Science

Perspectives on Psychological Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 16(4), С. 789 - 802

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2021

Psychology endeavors to develop theories of human capacities and behaviors on the basis a variety methodologies dependent measures. We argue that one most divisive factors in psychological science is whether researchers choose use computational modeling (over above data) during scientific-inference process. Modeling undervalued yet holds promise for advancing science. The inherent demands guide us toward better by forcing conceptually analyze, specify, formalize intuitions otherwise remain unexamined—what we dub open theory. Constraining our inference process through enables build explanatory predictive theories. Here, present scientific psychology as path function which each step shapes next. Computational can constrain these steps, thus over stewardship experimental practice (e.g., preregistration). If continues eschew modeling, predict more replicability crises persistent failure at coherent theory building. This because without formal lack transparent theorizing. also explain how formalize, implement model, emphasizing advantages be achieved anyone with benefit all.

Язык: Английский

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Lack of Theory Building and Testing Impedes Progress in The Factor and Network Literature

Psychological Inquiry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 31(4), С. 271 - 288

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2020

The applied social science literature using factor and network models continues to grow rapidly. Most work reads like an exercise in model fitting, falls short of theory building testing three ways. First, statistical theoretical are conflated, leading invalid inferences such as the existence psychological constructs based on models, or recommendations for clinical interventions models. I demonstrate this inferential gap a simulation: excellent fit does little corroborate theory, regardless quality quantity data. Second, researchers fail explicate theories about constructs, but use implicit causal beliefs guide inferences. These latent have led problematic best practices. Third, explicated often weak theories: imprecise descriptions vulnerable hidden assumptions unknowns. Such do not offer precise predictions, it is unclear whether effects actually not. that these challenges common harmful, impede formation, failure, reform. Matching necessary bring data bear theories, renewed focus psychology formalizing offers way forward.

Язык: Английский

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How computational modeling can force theory building in psychological science

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2020

Psychology endeavors to develop theories of human capacities and behaviors based on a variety methodologies dependent measures. We argue that one the most divisive factors in our field is whether researchers choose employ computational modeling (over above data) during scientific inference process. Modeling undervalued, yet holds promise for advancing psychological science. The inherent demands guide us towards better science by forcing conceptually analyze, specify, formalise intuitions which otherwise remain unexamined — what we dub “open theory”. Constraining process through enables build explanatory predictive theories. Herein, present psychology as path function, where each step shapes next. Computational can constrain these steps, thus over stewardship experimental practice (e.g., preregistration). If continues eschew modeling, predict more replicability “crises” persistent failure at coherent theory-building. This because without formal modelling lack open transparent theorising. also explain how formalise, implement model, emphasizing advantages be achieved anyone with benefit all.

Язык: Английский

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Suicide ideation as a symptom of adolescent depression. a network analysis

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 278, С. 68 - 77

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2020

According to the network perspective, psychopathology is result of interactions between symptoms. A previous study used analysis identify central symptoms adolescent depression. The aim current was replicate and extend this by including suicide ideation as a symptom depression evaluating which are contributing factors in adolescents.A large community sample (N = 5,888) adolescents aged 11-16 years completed Children's Depression Inventory (CDI-2). Network structure CDI-2 were directly related network. Additionally, who did not experience compared.Results pertaining highly similar we aimed replicate. most loneliness, sadness, self-hatred, fatigue, self-deprecation crying. Loneliness explained variance ideation. Adolescents had those do not. with scored higher on all symptoms.The use cross-sectional data indicates that only undirected networks results based between-subject could be estimated.Loneliness factor for also Preventative efforts should consider taking experiences loneliness into account these especially prevalent adolescents. Suicide seems more representative severity

Язык: Английский

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Invisible Hands and Fine Calipers: A Call to Use Formal Theory as a Toolkit for Theory Construction

Perspectives on Psychological Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 16(4), С. 725 - 743

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2021

In recent years, a growing chorus of researchers has argued that psychological theory is in state crisis: Theories are rarely developed way indicates an accumulation knowledge. Paul Meehl raised this very concern more than 40 years ago. Yet the ensuing decades, little improved. We aim to chart better path forward for by revisiting Meehl’s criticisms, his proposed solution, and reasons solution failed meaningfully change status theory. argue identified serious shortcomings our evaluation theories would substantially strengthen testing. However, we also provide with tools necessary construct kinds rigorous approach required. To advance theory, must equip allow them generate, evaluate, develop their theories. formal much-needed set tools, equipping thinking, evaluating explanation, enhancing measurement, informing development, promoting collaborative construction

Язык: Английский

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Comorbidity between depression and anxiety: assessing the role of bridge mental states in dynamic psychological networks

BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2020

Comorbidity between depressive and anxiety disorders is common. A hypothesis of the network perspective on psychopathology that comorbidity arises due to interplay symptoms shared by both disorders, with overlapping acting as so-called bridges, funneling symptom activation clusters each disorder. This study investigated this testing whether (i) two mental states "worrying" "feeling irritated" functioned bridges in dynamic state networks individuals depression compared either disorder alone, (ii) or non-overlapping stronger bridges.Data come from Netherlands Study Depression Anxiety (NESDA). total 143 participants met criteria for comorbid (65%), 40 depression-only (18.2%), 37 anxiety-only (16.8%) during any NESDA wave. Participants completed momentary assessments (i.e., states) anxiety, five times a day, 2 weeks (14,185 assessments). First, dynamics were modeled multilevel vector autoregressive model, using Bayesian estimation. Summed average lagged indirect effects through hypothesized bridge groups. Second, we evaluated role all potential states.While summed effect was larger group single groups, differences groups not statistically significant. The difference became more pronounced when only examining recent diagnoses (< 6 months). However, credible intervals scores remained wide. In second analysis, item ("feeling down") acted strongest groups.This empirically examined prominent network-approach first time longitudinal data. No support found irritable" functioning vulnerable anxiety. Potentially, activity can be observed acute symptomatology. If so, these may present interesting targets treatment, but prevention. requires further investigation.

Язык: Английский

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Networks of major depressive disorder: A systematic review

Clinical Psychology Review, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 85, С. 102000 - 102000

Опубликована: Март 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Complexity theory of psychopathology.

Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 132(3), С. 314 - 323

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2023

There is a renewed interest for complex adaptive system approaches that can account the inherently and dynamic nature of psychopathology.Yet theory psychopathology grounded in principles systems lacking.Here, we present such based on notion patterns: patterns are formed over time.We propose be understood as pattern emerges from self-organized interactions between interdependent biopsychosocial processes comprising person their environment.Psychopathology emergent sense it refers to person-environment whole cannot reduced specific parts.Psychopathology also self-organized, meaning arises solely interdependencies system: countless variables.All possible manifestations will correspond wide variety patterns.Yet development these time described by general formation systems.A discussion implications classification, intervention, public health concludes article.

Язык: Английский

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