Revisiting the theoretical and methodological foundations of depression measurement

Nature Reviews Psychology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 1(6), С. 358 - 368

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2022

Язык: Английский

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A critical evaluation of the p-factor literature

Nature Reviews Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3(2), С. 108 - 122

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Network analysis: An overview for mental health research

International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 33(4)

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024

Abstract Network approaches to psychopathology have become increasingly common in mental health research, with many theoretical and methodological developments quickly gaining traction. This article illustrates contemporary practices applying network analytical tools, bridging the gap between concepts their empirical applications. We explain how we can use graphs construct networks representing complex associations among observable psychological variables. then discuss key models, including dynamic networks, time‐varying models derived from panel data, intervention analysis, latent moderated models. In addition, Bayesian role causal inference a focus on cross‐sectional data. After presenting different methods, theories meaningfully inform each other. conclude discussion that summarizes insights technique provide research.

Язык: Английский

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Do we need a novel framework for classifying psychopathology? A discussion paper

Clinical Psychology in Europe, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(4)

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2023

The ICD-11 and DSM-5 are the leading systems for classification of mental disorders, their relevance clinical work research, as well impact policy making legal questions, has increased considerably. In recent years, other frameworks have been proposed to supplement or even replace ICD DSM, raising many questions regarding utility, scientific relevance, and, at core, how best conceptualize disorders. As examples new approaches that emerged, here we introduce Hierarchical Taxonomy Psychopathology (HiTOP), Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), network approaches, process-based a approach personality We highlight main distinctions between these frameworks, largely related different priorities goals, discuss areas overlap potential compatibility. Synergies among may provide promising avenues research practice.

Язык: Английский

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Building an early warning system for depression: Rationale, objectives, and methods of the WARN-D study

Clinical Psychology in Europe, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(3)

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023

Depression is common, debilitating, often chronic, and affects young people disproportionately. Given that only 50% of patients improve under initial treatment, experts agree prevention the most effective way to change depression's global disease burden. The biggest barrier successful identify individuals at risk for depression in near future. To close this gap, protocol paper introduces WARN-D study, our effort build a personalized early warning system depression.

Язык: Английский

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Complexity in psychological self-ratings: implications for research and practice

BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2020

Abstract Background Psychopathology research is changing focus from group-based “disease models” to a personalized approach inspired by complex systems theories. This approach, which has already produced novel and valuable insights into the nature of psychopathology, often relies on repeated self-ratings individual patients. So far, it been unknown whether such self-ratings, presumed observables patient as system, actually display dynamics. We examine this basic assumption psychopathology testing for three markers complexity: memory , presence (time-varying) short- long-range temporal correlations; regime shifts transitions between different dynamic regimes; sensitive dependence initial conditions also known “butterfly effect,” divergence initially similar trajectories. Methods analyzed (1476 time points) single complexity using Bartels rank test, (partial) autocorrelation functions, time-varying autoregression, non-stationarity change point analysis, Sugihara-May algorithm. Results Self-ratings concerning psychological states (e.g., item “I feel down”) exhibited all markers: long-term memory, multiple shifts, conditions. Unexpectedly, physical sensations am hungry”) less dynamics their behavior was more random variables. Conclusions Psychological The in means that we have acknowledge (1) yield pattern data not set (nearly) independent points, (2) humans are “moving targets” whose non-stationary processes including (3) prediction trajectories may be fundamentally impossible. These findings limitation popular statistical series models assumptions violated these markers. conclude mental health should appreciate fundamental aspect adopting methods science. Promising first steps direction, real-time process monitoring, short-term prediction, just-in-time interventions, discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Debate: Neurodiversity, autism and healthcare

Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(3), С. 438 - 442

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2023

We are at a time of unparalleled flux in our understanding what autism is and now to respond it, including the role clinical services. For any clinician working context child development mental health services, majority experience probably overwhelming demand, then perhaps confusion. Referrals for neurodevelopmental conditions, particularly autism, have become an increasing proportion UK CAMHS referrals recent years—with consequent lengthening wait times extending years, sometimes equivalent whole length child's life up until that point. Services struggling develop response strategies meet user frustration, task not helped by fact most interventions current use no good evidence effectiveness. Consequently, plethora local approaches initiatives developed. In this article I address these related issues. discuss different uses term relation intellectual disability, introduce conceptualisation as emergent transactional, which consistent with developmental intervention science. This could bridge between neurodiversity perspectives implies framing early support has strong trials provides basis rational pre‐emptive evidenced care pathway, describe.

Язык: Английский

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The best of both worlds? General principles of psychopathology in personalized assessment.

Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 132(7), С. 808 - 819

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2023

A complex systems approach to psychopathology proposes that general principles lie in the dynamic patterns of psychopathology, which are not restricted specific psychological processes like symptoms or affect.Hence, it must be possible find change profiles time series data fully personalized questionnaires.In current study, we examined self-ratings and related these four measures treatment outcome (International Symptom Rating, 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, daily symptom severity, self-reflective capacity).We analyzed 404 patients with mood and/or anxiety disorders who completed on

Язык: Английский

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Adapt, Explore, or Keep Going? The Role of Adaptability, Curiosity, and Perseverance in a Network of Study-Related Factors and Scholastic Success

Journal of Intelligence, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 34 - 34

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2023

Soft skills are the key characteristics for students’ success and wellbeing in 21st century, but they were only rarely studied contemporarily or integrated into comprehensive models of self-regulated learning. This makes it difficult to understand role that specific have above beyond others how work together favor achievement life satisfaction. For this reason, a sample 585 students (10–18 years old), we applied an exploratory network analysis three crucial soft (i.e., adaptability, curiosity, perseverance) their contemporary inter-relationships with host functional study-related factors, including learning strategies, motivation, emotions, cognitive abilities, academic achievement, school Results show play positive within context through association majority factors mediate relationships achievement. Importantly, results differentiated adaptability (which mainly relates emotional variables), perseverance behavioral aspect learning), curiosity bridges connection between other variables) context. Overall, these findings contribute deepening theoretical framework on as part successful profile, inform us about possible effectiveness intervention wellbeing.

Язык: Английский

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Slow down and be critical before using early warning signals in psychopathology

Nature Reviews Psychology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(11), С. 767 - 780

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024

Early warning signals are considered to be generic indicators of a system's accumulating instability and 'critical slowing down' prior substantial abrupt transitions between stable states. In clinical psychology, these have been proposed enable personalized predictions the impending onset, recurrence remission mental health problems before changes in symptoms occur, thereby facilitating timely therapeutic interventions. this Perspective, we question idea that early person's emotion time series can predict symptoms. Using empirical findings date theoretical methodological limitations inherent their application, argue there is little support for use based on critical down psychology. Deepening our knowledge foundations predictors improving measurement key clarifying potential boundaries psychopathology. It necessary build insights gained from signal studies improve evaluate alternative methods, keeping mind applications require prospective, real-time not only indicate whether, but also when, specific person likely experience health. symptom provide warnings risk recovery. Helmich et al. utility such discuss avenues change prediction.

Язык: Английский

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